脉冲射频治疗对带状疱疹后神经痛模型大鼠脊髓背角自噬的影响

目的观察脉冲射频(PRF)治疗对带状疱疹后神经痛(PHN)模型大鼠疼痛的影响,探讨脊髓背角自噬改变的可能作用。方法雄性SD大鼠60只,体重200～240 g,随机分为五组:空白对照组(Blank组)、溶剂组(Solvent组)、PHN模型组(PHN组)、假治疗组(Sham组)和治疗组(PRF组),每组12只。PHN组、Sham组及PRF组腹腔注射树脂毒素(RTX)0.2 g/kg制备PHN模型。Blank组腹腔注射与PHN组相同体积的生理盐水。Solvent组腹腔注射相同体积的溶剂(10%吐温80、10%乙醇和80%生理盐水)。于制模前2 h、制模后1、4、7、10、14 d、PRF治疗后1、4、7、10、14、21、28、35和42 d测定大鼠机械缩足阈值(MWT)和热缩足潜伏期(TWL)。治疗后第42天处死大鼠,取L_(4-6)脊髓组织,采用Western blot法检测脊髓组织微管相关蛋白轻链Lc3Ⅱ和Lc3Ⅰ、Beclin-1和P62蛋白含量,计算Lc3Ⅱ和Lc3Ⅰ比值。RT-qPCR检测Lc3 mRNA和Beclin-l mRNA的表达量。结果与Blank组比较,PHN组、Sham组及PRF组RTX处理后大鼠MWT明显降低,TWL明显延长,脊髓组织Lc3Ⅱ/Lc3Ⅰ蛋白含量比值和Beclin-1蛋白含量明显升高,P62蛋白含量明显降低,Lc3 mRNA和Beclin-1 mRNA表达量明显增加(P均0.05)。与PHN组比较,PRF组大鼠在治疗7 d后MWT明显升高,TWL明显缩短,Lc3Ⅱ/Lc3Ⅰ蛋白含量比值明显降低,Beclin-1蛋白含量明显降低,P62蛋白含量明显增加,Lc3 mRNA和Beclin-1 mRNA表达量明显降低(P均0.05)。结论脉冲射频可能通过抑制脊髓背角组织自噬活性,改善线粒体功能,从而对PHN模型大鼠产生镇痛作用。     

不同频率脉冲电磁场对骨保护素基因敲除小鼠骨代谢指标影响

目的采用不同频率的脉冲电磁场干预骨保护素基因敲除小鼠骨质疏松模型,探讨脉冲电磁 场治疗骨质疏松的最适治疗频率。方法8周龄雌雄各半骨保护素基因敲除小鼠30只,随机分为 A、B、C 3组,每组10只,粤组为空白对照组,不进行干预;B组小鼠每天在强度为4皂栽,频率为8 HZ 的磁场中照射治疗20 min,共30 d;C组小鼠每天在强度为4 mT,频率为32 HZ的磁场中照射治疗20 min,共30凿。各组小鼠在治疗前及治疗30d后用酶联免疫法（ELISA )法检测抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶 缘遭及血清骨钙素值。结果8HZ、32HZ两治疗组在治疗后抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5遭,血清骨钙素含 量与A对照组之间比较差异有统计学意义（P <0.05 ), 8 HZ、32 HZ两治疗组之间治疗前与治疗后所 测三种指标比较差异无统计学意义（P >0.05 )。结论脉冲电磁场对骨保护素基因敲除小鼠骨质疏 松有肯定治疗效果,应用频率为8-32 HZ的磁场治疗能产生相同的治疗效果。     

Histologic evaluation of effect of thiocyanate topical application on hamster cheek pouch

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of topical thiocyanate (SCN⁻) application on hamster cheek pouch mucosa. Sixty-six hamsters were divided into two groups. The test substance containing potassium thiocyanate was applied on the hamsters’ cheek pouches at 55 mg/kg dosages. Cheek pouches were grossly examined after 12 weeks. Histometric evaluation included height measurements from the epithelium without stratum corneum, stratum corneum, and full epithelium. Clear cells frequency was compared between groups. Results were analyzed using Student’s t test. The experimental group showed a lower height of the stratum corneum (p=0.035) and higher frequency of clear cells (p<0.001). There was no height difference for the epithelium without stratum corneum (p=0.677) and full epithelium (p=0.904) between groups. SCN⁻ promotes no gross alterations on hamsters’ cheek pouch and does not induce dysplastic features at the epithelium or inflammation at the connective tissue. The ion promotes histologic alterations on mucosa that need to be investigated in further studies.     

羊膜腔内注射地塞米松促胎肺成熟135例研究

目的 观察羊膜腔内注射地塞米松促胎肺成熟的效果。方法将231例高危妊娠产妇随机分为两组，治疗组135例，羊膜腔内注射地塞米松，对照组96例，常规治疗，治疗结果做卡方检验处理。结果新生儿RDS发生率、新生儿死亡率以及死于呼吸系统疾病的比率，用药组分剐为14．8％、7．4％和30％，明显低于对照组的29．2％、21．9％和76．1％(P<0．01)。结论羊膜腔内注射地塞米松具有明显的促胎肺成熟作用。     

鼓室注药治疗粘连性中耳炎的临床观察

目的 探讨经咽鼓管鼓室注药治疗粘连性中耳炎的疗效。方法 对50例（63耳）粘连性中耳炎患者在间接鼻咽镜下以直径1mm的塑料导管从咽口导入，作咽鼓管扩张，经导管向鼓室注入地塞米松及α－糜蛋白酶，每周2次，6周为一疗程，同时对鼻窦、鼻咽的炎症病变进行相应的治疗。结果 经一疗程的治疗，语频气导听力提高10－19dB者23耳，20－29dB者14耳，30dB以上者8耳，无明显改善者18耳，有效率为71.4%，未见不良反应，结论 该法无创伤，经济实用，有一定的疗效。     

护士例会在护理管理工作中的作用

通过护士例会创新化，丰富例会内容，使护士知识得到更新，思路拓宽，素质和能力及管理水平提高，增强护理人员责任感和使命感，发挥激励作用及团队协作精神，保证了护理质量不断持续提高。     

Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of bilateral cervical lymph nodes after renal transplantation

We report the case of a 52-year-old man who underwent a renal transplantation and subsequently developed extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The immunosuppressive agent was intravenously administered continuously together with antituberculosis drugs. The tuberculosis improved and renal function has been well preserved for more than 3 years post transplantation.     

ISO 9000管理方法在发热门诊护理管理中的应用

探讨ISO9000质量标准在发热门诊运行中对规章制度的建立、严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)的诊治流程和为发热患者提供高质量护理服务中的应用价值。在发热门诊依据ISO9000标准来实现管理职责的文件化、护理服务项目的流程化、消毒隔离防护的标准化、人力配置的合理化和护理标识的可追溯性的管理。通过ISO9000标准在发热门诊的实际应用，有效地控制传染源，使发热患者和SARS患者得到良好的诊疗服务。     

Polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer gels as sustained release vehicles for subcutaneous drug administration

Polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene surface-active block copolymers (Pluronic^®) were evaluated as a vehicle for subcutaneous administration of drugs using a phenolsulfophthalein (PR) as a tracer. The type of Pluronic^® copolymer (F108 or F127), and their concentrations, and the effect of solutes (NaOH, NaCl or PR) on gelation properties were studied. Sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride decreased the gel-sol transition temperature, whereas the opposite effect was observed with PR. The ‘in vitro’ release rates obtained for PR were inversely proportional to the concentration of Pluronic used and a zero-order release rate was observed in all preparations assayed. Pluronic^® F127/PR preparations were administered subcutaneously (SC) to Wistar rats and PR plasma levels were compared with those reached after SC or intravenous (i.v.) administration of a PR aqueous solution. The gel formulation produced a sustained plateau level within 15 min that lasted 8–9 h. In vivo data analysis was performed with the JANA and PCNONLIN computer programs. The best fittings for experimental data from Pluronic gels were obtained using a zero-order input and first-order output two-compartment model. The results obtained suggest that PF127 aqueous gels may be of practical use as a vehicle for SC administration of drugs.     

Alopecia Areata Associated with Myasthenia Gravis and Thymoma: A Case of Alopecia with Marked Improvement Following Thymectomy and High Level Prednisolone Administration

A 57-year-old Japanese woman who suffered from alopecia areata associated with myasthenia gravis (MG) and thymoma responded well to thymectomy and high doses of glucocorticosteroid administration. Several treatments for alopecia areata including administration of systemic prednisolone were attempted, but loss of hair on the scalp progressed. After thymectomy and high level glucocorticosteroid administration for MG, the lesions on the scalp improved within four weeks. Consequently, we suggest that this thymectomy and high level glucocorticosteroid administration assisted in improving the immune dysfunction causing the alopecic lesions in this patient.