Improved quantification of protein in vaccines containing aluminum hydroxide by simple modification of the Lowry method

Aluminum (Al) components in vaccines are known to act as adsorbents that interfere with accurate protein quantification by the Lowry method. Therefore, certain modifications based on the characteristics and compositions of the vaccine are required for determination of protein contents.We investigated the effects of an additional centrifugal separation and found that protein contents were overestimated by up to 238% without centrifugation through a collaborative study performed with hepatitis B vaccines containing Al. However, addition of a centrifugation step yielded protein concentrations that were similar to the actual values, with small coefficients of variation (CVs). Proficiency testing performed in 11 laboratories showed that four laboratories did not have satisfactory results for vaccines containing aluminum hydroxide, although all laboratories were proficient in protein analysis when samples did not contain aluminum hydroxide. Incomplete resuspension of aluminum hydroxide solution with alkaline copper solution was the major cause of insufficient proficiency in these laboratories.     

High intensity interval training and L-Arginine supplementation decrease interleukin-6 levels in adult trained males

Objective. To evaluate the effect of six weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and L-Arginine supplementation on interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and body composition in Iranian adult trained males. Methods. This experimental study was performed as an intervention with a pretest-posttest design in three experimental groups and one control group. Forty-eight young males from Qazvin province (Iran) were selected voluntarily based on convenience sampling. Participants were randomly divided into four groups (12 participants in each group): “HIIT”; “L-Arginine supplementation”; “HIIT + L-Arginine supplementation”, and “HIIT + placebo”. At 7 a.m., when the level of inflammation was at its lowest, a blood sample was taken from the participants, and body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), and lean body mass (LBM) were determined. IL-6 analysis was performed using STATE FAX device and ELISA method. Training sessions were conducted for six consecutive weeks, three sessions a week. Analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to analyze the data. Results. i) There were no significant differences between groups in BMI, BFP, or LBM. ii) There was a significant difference in IL-6 levels between the groups (p < 0.05), so that the inflammatory levels in the “HIIT + L-Arginine supplementation” and “HIIT + placebo” groups were lesser than the “HIIT” (0.002 and <0.001, respectively) and “L-Arginine supplementation” (<0.001and <0.001, respectively) groups. HIIT “seems” to reduce the level of inflammation. Conclusion. HIIT had no significant effect on body composition indices. Plasma IL-6 levels decreased after six weeks of HIIT and L-Arginine supplementation. The level of IL-6 in the “HIIT + L-Arginine supplementation” and “HIIT + placebo” groups were lower than the control group (i.e.; “HIIT”) and supplement control group (i.e.; “L-Arginine supplementation”).     

人工流产与反复自然流产蜕膜组织中凋亡调控基因的表达

目的:探讨人工流产与自然流产蜕膜组织中凋亡调控基因的表达。方法:人工流产和反复自然流产蜕膜组织各30份,应用免疫组织化学方法测定Bc l-2、Bax、P 53、Fas、FasL 5种调控基因在蜕膜组织中的蛋白表达。结果:Bc l-2的表达在人工流产组与自然流产组无明显差异(P>0.05);Bax在自然流产组中的表达较人工流产组明显增强(P<0.05);FasL的表达在自然流产组明显低于人工流产组(P<0.05);Fas表达自然流产组与人工流产组无明显差异(P>0.05);P 53蛋白在自然流产组的表达强于人工流产组(P<0.05)。结论:自然流产的发生有3条凋亡调控途径:一为Fas/FasL途径:由于滋养细胞表面FasL表达的减少,不能引起母体内特异性的活化T细胞的凋亡,导致母体对胚胎的排斥反应,引起自然流产;另一为Bc l-2/Bax途径:虽然Bc l-2的表达在人工流产与自然流产蜕膜中无明显差异,但由于Bax在早孕自然流产蜕膜组织中的表达明显增强,导致Bc l-2/Bax的表达量失衡而引起流产;再一为P 53途径:野生型的P 53增多诱发细胞凋亡而导致流产发生。     

微量管离心法测定血浆纤维蛋白原

目的建立一种简单、快速的纤维蛋白原测定方法方法将纤维蛋白原加热至５６℃发生凝集,而其它蛋白不受影响．然后高速离心,将其血浆柱之间的长度比和蛋白原浓度成正比例关系．结果批内变异系数为 ３． ２％（ｎ＝ ２０,ｋ＝ ２． ６７ｇ／Ｌ）,批间变异系数 ＣＶ为 ４． ５％（ ｎ＝ ２０, ｘ＝ ３． ２ｇ／Ｌ）纤维蛋白原在 １０～ ８０ｇ／Ｌ呈良好的线性,回收率１０４．２％,与Ｊａｃｏｂｓｓｏｎ改良的可凝固蛋白法［１］Ｙ（本法）＝０．９９６Ｘ＋０．００２相关性良好．ｒ＝ ０ ９９６．结论该法不失为一种适合于常规工作的纤维蛋白原测定方法     

Future therapy of diabetes mellitus

For reaching near normal glycemic control, multiple daily insulin injections are necessary, although subcutaneous insulin therapy cannot get the physiological profile, results in hypoglycemia, weight gain, peripheral hyperinsulinemia, and may not be accepted for painful injections. Glucagon-like peptide 1(GLP-1) analogs and alternative routes of insulin, especially oral (enteric-gastrointestinal, inhaled) route, are most promising and attractive now. Biotechnology and biochemistry will make it possible to overcome several disadvantages of low absorption, short half-life, low bioavailability, and many clinical trials are now in progress. We will show the review of these drugs and another candidate for the treatment of diabetic complications, protein kinase C inhibitor.     

Modulation of Idiotypic and Antiidiotypic Immunoglobulin G Responses in an Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura Patient as a Consequence of Extracorporeal Protein A Immunoadsorption

Abstract: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of antiplatelet antibody which sensitizes platelets resulting in their clearance by the reticuloendothelial system. Extracorporeal protein A immunoadsorption has been demonstrated to be of benefit in the treatment of this autoimmune disorder. In the present study, a patient with underlying systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) presented with ITP. The patient received 14 immunoadsorption treatments and responded to therapy. During the course of immunoadsorption treatments, there was a decline in circulating immune complex (CIC) levels, antinu-clear antibody (ANA) levels, and antiplatelet IgG antibody levels. In addition, elevated levels of antiidiotypic IgG antibody detected before initiation of therapy were significantly reduced during the course of immunoadsorption treatments. This study suggests that specific autoimmune idiotypic IgG antibody and corresponding antiidiotypic IgG antibody responses may be modulated in association with extracorporeal immunoadsorption employing protein A/silica columns.     

植物蛋白饮料中脂肪含量的测定

对罗兹－哥特里伯法在植物蛋白饮料体系中加以应用的可行性进行了评价，证明上述方法经过适当改良后可用于豆奶等植物蛋白型饮料中脂肪含量的测定。在此基础上，对自制的谷物胚芽饮料产品中的脂肪含量进行了测定。经测定，自制玉米胚芽饮料中的脂肪含量为１．２１３％，自制小麦胚芽饮料中的脂肪含量为０．１６２％。     

Effect of 3-amino benzamide, a poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, in experimental caustic esophageal burn

Introduction

The enzyme poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase affects the repair of DNA in damaged cells. However, its activation in damaged cells can lead to adenosine triphosphate depletion and death. This study was designed to investigate the efficacy of 3-amino benzamide (3-AB), a poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, on the prevention of esophageal damage and stricture-formation development after esophageal caustic injuries in rat.

Materials and Methods

Forty-five rats were allocated into 3 groups: sham-operated, untreated, and treated groups. Caustic esophageal burn was created by instilling 15% NaOH to the distal esophagus. The rats were left untreated or treated with 3-AB 10 mg/kg per day intraperitoneally. All rats were killed on the 28th day. Efficacy of the treatment was assessed by measuring the stenosis index and histopathologic damage score and biochemically by determining tissue hydroxyproline content, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein carbonyl content (PCC) in esophageal homogenates.

Results

Treatment with 3-AB decreased the stenosis index and histopathologic damage score seen in caustic esophageal burn rats. Hydroxyproline level was significantly higher in the untreated group as compared with the group treated with 3-AB. Caustic esophageal burn increased MDA and PCC levels and also decreased SOD and GPx enzyme activities. On the contrary, 3-AB treatment decreased the elevated MDA and PCC levels and also increased the reduced SOD and GPx enzyme activities.

Conclusion

3-Amino benzamide has a preventive effect in the development of fibrosis by decreasing tissue damage and increasing the antioxidant enzyme activity in an experimental model of corrosive esophagitis in rats.     

JWA对N-甲基-N'-硝基-N-亚硝基胍诱导人支气管上皮细胞恶性转化的影响

目的 探讨JWA对烷化剂N-甲基-N'-硝基-N-亚硝基胍(MNNG)诱导人支气管上皮细胞(HBE)恶性转化的影响及可能机制.方法 建立JWA高表达HBE细胞株,用MNNG诱导HBE细胞恶性转化,用噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测MNNG诱导后细胞生长状况,用软琼脂集落试验检测细胞非锚着依赖生长能力,用Western blot法检测P53蛋白的表达变化规律.结果 经MNNG处理的正常HBE细胞恶性转化后生长速度明显快于高表达JWA的HBE细胞和未经MNNG处理的HBE细胞,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).经MNNG处理的JWA高表达的HBE细胞和未用MNNG处理的HBE细胞的克隆形成率(8.06%和10.14%)明显低于MNNG处理的恶性转化的HBE细胞(26.80%),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).MNNG诱导正常的HBE细胞恶性转化过程中,P53蛋白逐渐增加;而在JWA高表达HBE细胞,经MNNG处理后,P53蛋白早期(第1～2代)有一过性的表达增高,此后,随着传代数增加,P53表达则逐渐下降,细胞最终未显示恶性转化表型特征.结论 JWA可能通过P53蛋白表达调节MNNG诱导HBE细胞的恶性转化.