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11.
V. Nougier C. Bard M. Fleury N. Teasdale J. Cole R. Forget J. Paillard Y. Lamarre 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》1996,109(3):473-482
Two deafferented patients and several control subjects participated in a series of experiments to investigate how accurate single-joint movements are programed, spatially calibrated, and updated in the absence of proprioceptive information. The deafferented patients suffered from a permanent and severe loss of large sensory myelinated fibers below the neck. Subjects performed, with and without vision, sequences of forearm supinations and pronations with two temporal delays between each movement (0 s and 8 s). Overall, the lack of proprioception did not yield any significant decrease in movement accuracy when vision was available. Without vision, the absence of proprioceptive afferents yielded (1) significantly larger spatial errors, (2) amplitude errors similar to those of control subjects, and (3) a significant drift when an 8-s delay was introduced between two successive movements. Subjects also performed, without vision, a 20 supination followed by a 20 pronation that brought back the wrist to the starting position. On some trials, the supination was blocked unexpectedly by way of a magnetic brake. When the supination was blocked, subjects were already on the second target and no pronation was required when the brake was released. The defferented patients, unaware of the procedure, always produced a 20 pronation. These data confirm that deafferented patients were not coding a final position. It rather suggests that they coded an amplitude and translated the spatial distance between the two targets in a corresponding force pulse. Overall, the results highlight the powerful and key role of proprioceptive afferents for calibrating the spatial motor frame of reference. 相似文献
12.
Türker KS Yeo PL Gandevia SC 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》2005,165(1):37-43
As visual guidance of facial movements is impossible, accurate movements for speech and mastication require an established body image that is formed via the information from mechanoreceptors in the skin, mucosa, periodontium, and proprioceptors in the facial and masticatory muscles and in the jaw joints. In this study we aimed to investigate how the acute deafferentation of lips and teeth alters the established image of lips, teeth and the thumb. We used a psychophysical method to determine whether the perceived sizes of the upper lip and front teeth change when the sensory input from the lips and front teeth is fully blocked. We also examined the perceived size of the thumb to test for acute interactions between the thumb and facial structures. Local anaesthetic blocking of upper lip and upper front teeth significantly increased the perceived size of the upper lip by as much as 100% (range 21–100%) in ten out of eleven subjects tested (overall mean 52%; p=0.001). The perceived size of the upper teeth also significantly increased by as much as 155% (range 30–155%) in eight of the eleven subjects during anaesthesia (overall mean 41%; p=0.035). When the region of anaesthesia was increased and both upper and lower teeth and lips were anaesthetised, the perceived size of the upper lip again increased, by 53% (p=0.040), but the change in perceived size of the upper front teeth (18%) was not significant (p=0.206). In both studies there was no change in perceived size of the thumb. The results illustrate the labile central interaction between sensory inputs and the importance of feedback from peripheral afferents in generating the subjective facial image. The timing, level, and area of anaesthesia may be important modifiers of these interactions. 相似文献
13.
偏瘫患者平衡功能测定及相关因素的分析 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7
目的 探讨偏瘫患者平衡功能测定及影响因素,为偏瘫患者进行平衡训练提供依据。方法 正常人和偏瘫患者各30例,采用平衡仪测定平衡功能(身体重心稳定系数和重心分布),分析本体感觉障碍与严重肌痉挛对平衡功能的影响。结果 偏瘫患者身体重心明显偏向健侧(P<0.05);偏瘫患者身体重心摆动系数明显高于正常组(P<0.05);本体感觉障碍的偏瘫患者负重能力明显差于无本体感觉障碍的患者(P<0.05)。结论 偏瘫 相似文献
14.
膝腱反射检查对前交叉韧带断裂和重建后本体感觉功能的评价 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目的探讨膝腱反射检查对前交叉韧带断裂和重建后本体感觉功能的评价和意义。方法对20例单纯前交叉韧带断裂,采用关节镜下自体四股半腱肌-股薄肌肌腱重建。常规方法检查膝腱反射,双极表面电极电刺激髌韧带并记录股内侧肌肌电图。观察前交叉韧带断裂和重建后膝腱反射和肌电图的客观改变,结合临床"打软腿"的主观症状,研究主、客观相互关系。结果3项指标手术前后两样本率比较,差异有统计学意义(PKJ=0.004,PEMG=0.022,PS=0.000);3项指标手术前后改变率之间两两比较,差异无统计学意义(PKJ-EMG=0.495,PKJ-S=0.476,PEMG-S=0.163)。结论提出"前交叉韧带-膝腱反射弧"的观点,将膝腱反射检查作为前交叉韧带断裂和重建后的常规查体,借此评价膝关节本体感觉功能,以指导本体感觉的康复锻炼。 相似文献
15.
16.
《Gait & posture》2016
Performing a cognitive task while balancing can result in either increased or decreased sway depending on the nature of the cognitive task, and is commonly used in pathologic populations to evaluate postural performance. A total of 39 participants were recruited into two groups: uninjured controls (n = 20, age: 21.9 ± 2.1 years, height: 175.0 ± 11.2 cm, mass: 71.3 ± 14.9 kg) and chronic ankle instability (n = 19, age: 22.1 ± 5.6 years, height: 169.7 ± 7.7 cm, mass: 72.9 ± 17.3 kg). Participants were asked to perform one of three cognitive tasks while maintaining single limb balance. Cognitive tasks included backwards counting by 3 (BC), the manikin test (MAN), and random number generation (RNG). Time-to-boundary minima, mean, and standard deviations were calculated and compared between groups as pre to post change scores. Effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals were also calculated to test for group differences and the effect of task performance on sway. No significant main effects of Group or Group by Task interactions were identified (p > 0.05). However, a significant multivariate main effect of Task was identified in BC (p = 0.001, F(6, 32) = 4.804) and RNG (p < 0.001, F(6, 32) = 6.233) but not for MAN (p = 0.117). The results suggest that those with chronic ankle instability and uninjured controls have similar postural–suprapostural interactions across multiple cognitive task domains. Both the BC and RNG tasks resulted in less sway for all participants. Our results suggest that dual-task interference in the CAI population may not be present as previous research would suggest. 相似文献
17.
Mojtaba Babaei-Mobarakeh Amir Letafatkar Amir Hosein Barati Zohre Khosrokiani 《Journal of bodywork and movement therapies》2018,22(4):1013-1021
Background
Rehabilitation of injuries in the upper extremity and reestablishment of muscle strength throughout the range of motion in overhead movements, are the major concerns of athletes and coaches in the sports field.Purpose
To determine the effect of eight-week “gyroscopic device” mediated resistance training exercise on grip strength, wrist and shoulder strength and proprioception, and upper extremity performance, in participants with impingement syndrome or tennis elbow.Design and methods
For this study, in a university rehabilitation clinic 45 volleyball players (aged 22–28) purposefully were selected and divided into 3 groups: shoulder impingement (group I), tennis elbow (group II), and control (group III). The experimental groups performed the “gyroscopic device” mediated resistance training, three sessions a week over 8 wks. Grip strength, wrist and shoulder strength and proprioception, and upper extremity performance were measured before and after implementation of the intervention (eight-week resistance training using a “gyroscopic device”) using a hand hold dynamometer, isokinetic dynamometer, and Y balance test respectively.Results
After 8 weeks of “gyroscopic device” exercise, improvement in the shoulder, wrist and grip strength, shoulder and wrist proprioception and performance scores of both experimental groups was significant. There were no significant differences between study groups I and II, both groups, however, demonstrated significant differences when compared to the control group, but between group I and the control group, and between group II and the control group, the difference was significant. However, no significant change was seen in the control group.Conclusions
Due to the significant effects of the “gyroscopic device” mediated exercise on grip strength, wrist and shoulder strength and proprioception, and performance of the upper extremity, use of the exercise can be recommended for subjects with impingement syndrome or tennis elbow impairment in measured variables. More research is needed to confirm the result of this study. 相似文献18.
Leila Ghamkhar Amir H. Kahlaee Mohammad R. Nourbakhsh Amena Ahmadi Amir M. Arab 《Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics》2018,41(2):129-136
Objective
The purpose of this study was to compare the relationship between flexion endurance capacity and joint position error in participants with or without chronic neck pain (CNP).Methods
Sixty-one CNP and 60 asymptomatic volunteers participated in this cross-sectional, case-control, and correlational analysis study. The measured variables included absolute and constant joint repositioning errors in the sagittal and horizontal directions, clinical flexor endurance test score, pain intensity, and neck disability index.Results
The groups did not statistically differ in flexion endurance (P > .05). The CNP group had a smaller absolute error on the right (P < .01) and left (P = .01) rotation and an overshooting error pattern in the flexion direction (P < .05). But the asymptomatic group did not exhibit any over-/undershooting pattern tendency (P > .05). Although flexion endurance was not correlated with any of the joint repositioning error components in either group, pain and disability scores were significantly correlated with left rotation absolute error (r = –0.34 and ρ = –0.37, respectively).Conclusion
The clinical cervical flexor endurance test, ignoring the relative contribution of the deep and superficial groups of muscles, may not efficiently characterize CNP patients. 相似文献19.
《Gait & posture》2021
BackgroundSensory disorders frequently accompany the motor disorders in children with cerebral palsy (CP).Research questionDo children with CP have sensory disturbances in their lower extremities? If there are sensory impairments, do these impairments affect gait?MethodsIn total, 45 children (18 females, 27 males) in an age range between 5 and 18 years were included in the study: 15 typically developing children, 15 unilaterally affected children with cerebral palsy, and 15 bilaterally affected children with cerebral palsy. They could walk independently at the levels of I or II according to the gross motor function classification. After the demographic data of the children were recorded, their tactile sense, vibration sense, two-point discrimination, and proprioception were evaluated, and the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score (EVGS) was used for gait assessment.ResultsFailures were discovered in lower extremity tactile (p = 0.001), two-point discrimination (p = 0.001), and proprioceptive senses of the children with CP (p = 0.001), and the loss of tactile sense was found to be related to gait disorders (p = 0.02, r = 0.41).SignificanceThere were deficiencies in the lower extremity senses, and deficiencies in the tactile sense negatively affected gait. Performing sensory assessments, which are considered to be fundamental for gait training in the rehabilitation of children with CP, and providing support for the lacking parameters in the intervention programs may create positive effects on gait. 相似文献
20.
Meyke Roosink Nicolas Robitaille Bradford J McFadyen Luc J Hébert Philip L Jackson Laurent J Bouyer Catherine Mercier 《Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation》2015,12(1)