三维可视化技术在原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤切除术中的应用

目的 探讨三维可视化技术在原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤(PRPLS)切除术中的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析2014年7月厦门大学附属成功医院肝胆胰血管外科收治的1例64岁PRPLS男性患者的临床资料,应用三维可视化技术将患者术前腹部CT图像进行三维重建,通过观察肿瘤与腹腔器官、腹部大血管之间的关系及测量肿瘤体积、手术模拟进行术前评估.术前手术方案拟采用分步减瘤逐步完全切除肿瘤的方法.术中沿着脂肪肉瘤的包膜分离粘连,精细操作,依次将肿瘤从右肾、下腔静脉、肝脏剥离,最终通过分步减瘤的方法将肿瘤完全切除.术后对患者行CT检查随访.随访时间截至2014年9月.结果 三维可视化重建后图像清晰立体地显示肿瘤组织、腹腔实质器官、腹腔大血管的解剖结构及毗邻关系,术中证实三维重建肿瘤的解剖关系与实际基本一致.患者手术时间为5.5h,术中出血量为1 500 mL,切除的肿瘤质量为7.512 kg.患者术后2周痊愈出院,术后2个月复查CT未见肿瘤复发.结论 三维可视化技术在PRPLS切除术前可行精确评估及手术方案的制订,减少术中的盲目性,使患者获得良好的手术疗效.     

“桥”式修补术治疗阴道前壁膨出的疗效分析

目的 探讨阴道前壁“桥”式缝合术治疗阴道前壁脱垂的疗效.方法 回顾性分析自2007年7月至2013年5月,采用手术治疗阴道前壁脱垂58例患者的临床资料,其中阴道前壁“桥”式缝合术30例,传统的阴道前壁修补术28例;比较两种术式的近期疗效.结果 阴道前壁“桥”式缝合术的手术时间为(21.50±3.80) min,术中出血量为(30.00 ±3.20)ml,术后复发率为3.33％,与传统术式的手术时间(48.50±3.50) min、术中出血量(74.00±5.60) ml、术后复发率14.29％进行比较,其差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 与传统术式比较,“桥”式缝合术治疗阴道前壁脱垂的手术时间短,术中出血少,术后复发率低,近期疗效满意.     

Wide-Awake Primary Flexor Tendon Repair,Tenolysis, and Tendon Transfer

Tendon surgery is unique because it should ensure tendon gliding after surgery. Tendon surgery now can be performed under local anesthesia without tourniquet, by injecting epinephrine mixed with lidocaine, to achieve vasoconstriction in the area of surgery. This method allows the tendon to move actively during surgery to test tendon function intraoperatively and to ensure the tendon is properly repaired before leaving the operating table. I applied this method to primary flexor tendon repair in zone 1 or 2, tenolysis, and tendon transfer, and found this approach makes tendon surgery easier and more reliable. This article describes the method that I have used for tendon surgery.     

Unstable Simple Elbow Dislocation Treated with the Repair of Lateral Collateral Ligament Complex

Background

Unstable simple elbow dislocation (USED) repair is challenged by the maintenance of joint reduction; hence, primary repair or reconstruction of disrupted ligaments is required to maintain the congruency and allow early motion of the elbow. We evaluated the effectiveness and the outcome of lateral collateral ligament (LCL) complex repair with additional medial collateral ligament (MCL) repair in cases of USED.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed 21 cases of diagnosed USED without fractures around the elbow that were treated with primary ligament repair. In all cases, anatomical repair of LCL complex with or without common extensor origin was performed using suture anchor and the bone tunnel method. Next, the instability and congruency of elbow for a full range of motion were evaluated under the image intensifier. MCL was repaired only if unstable or incongruent elbow was observed. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS) and radiographic outcomes on last follow-up images.

Results

All cases achieved a stable elbow on radiographic and clinical results. LCL complex repair alone was sufficient to obtain the stable elbow in 17 of 21 cases. Four cases required additional MCL repair after restoration of the LCL complex. The overall mean MEPS was 91 (range, 70 to 100): excellent in 12 cases, good in 7 cases, and fair in 2 cases. All 17 cases with LCL complex repair only and 2 of 4 cases with additional MCL repair had excellent or good results by MEPS.

Conclusions

USED requires surgical treatment to achieve a congruent and stable joint. If the repair of lateral stabilizer such as LCL complex acquires enough joint stability to maintain a full range of motion, it may not be necessary to repair the medial stabilizer in all cases of USED.     

重组人白介素-11联合环孢素治疗糖皮质激素无效ITP的临床研究

目的：探讨重组人白介素-11(rhIL-11)联合环孢素治疗糖皮质激素无效的原发免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)的远期临床疗效及其安全性。方法选取糖皮质激素治疗无效的ITP患者60例,患者随机分为治疗组(40例)和对照组(20例)。治疗组应用rhIL-11和环孢素治疗,对照组长春新碱和静脉注射用免疫球蛋白治疗,分别在治疗前、后检测两组血小板计数,观察两组临床疗效和不良反应。结果治疗组第1个月、3个月、5个月、12个月末的有效率分别为82．5%、80．0%、72．5%和52．5%,对照组的有效率分别为55．0%、50．0%、40．0%和25．0%,治疗组均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0．05)。治疗组、对照组不良反应轻微,大多数患者耐受良好。结论 rhIL-11联合环孢素治疗糖皮质激素无效的ITP的中远期疗效满意,安全性良好,可作为理想的二线方案。     

原发性高血压患者颈动脉内膜中层厚度与hsCRP Hcy及血压变异性相关性研究

目的：研究原发性高血压患者血浆中同型半胱氨酸( Hcy)及超敏C反应蛋白( hsCRP)的含量,探讨其与原发性高血压患者颈动脉内膜中层厚度( IMT)和动态血压变异性( BPV)之间的关系。方法对180例原发性高血压患者行颈动脉彩超测定IMT,按IMT厚度分为,IMT正常组、IMT增厚组、IMT斑块组;并检测24 h动态血压、血Hcy、血清hsCRP。结果原发性高血压患者颈动脉IMT增厚组、颈动脉IMT斑块组血清hsCRP、Hcy及BPV明显高于颈动脉IMT正常组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0．05)。结论原发性高血压患者血清Hcy、hsCRP、以及血压变异性与颈动脉粥样硬化之间密切相关。     

肺原发性浆细胞瘤1例报告并文献复习

目的 提高对原发性肺浆细胞瘤的认识。方法 对1例临床确诊为原发性肺浆细胞瘤患者的临床资料进行分析,通过Pubmed检索2000-2014年所发表相关文献,结合文献复习。结果 原发性肺浆细胞瘤是一种极为罕见的肺部肿瘤,属于髓外浆细胞瘤的范畴。患者多缺乏临床症状,影像学上表现为肺内单发或多发结节影,缺乏特异性,容易误诊。其诊断主要依赖肺部肿块的病理活检,并应排除骨髓原发病灶。对于局限性的病灶可采取手术治疗或放疗,多发病灶可采取化疗。结论 对于此类表现为肺部结节、肿块影的病例应当尽早进行穿刺活检以获取病理诊断,以免误诊误治。     

低温冷冻富血小板血浆促进兔颅骨缺损修复效果的观察

目的 观察比较低温冷冻后的富血小板血浆(PRP)在兔颅骨缺损修复中的效果.方法 将15只体质量为2.5kg的健康新西兰雄性大白兔,沿兔颅顶中线制备3个骨缺损孔,分别植入-80℃低温冷冻自体PRP凝胶+羟基磷灰石/磷酸三钙复合体(HAP/TCP),(实验孔)、生理盐水+HAP/TCP(空白孔)、新鲜自体PRP凝胶+HAP/TCP(对照孔),于术后4周、8周和12周时分别处死5只并通过大体观察、X线检查、组织学观察及CT值测量等方法比较低温冷冻PRP对兔颅骨缺损修复的影响.结果 术后4周、8周时,实验孔及对照孔成骨质量明显优于空白孔,两组CT值均较空白孔高[术后4周时实验孔、对照孔、空白孔分别为(376.8±50.41)、(414±71.41)、(94.42±37.02),术后8周时分别为(750.46±91.26)、(682.22±111.53)、(444.04±47.12)],差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01);而术后4周、8周时实验孔CT值与对照孔比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).术后12周时,实验孔、对照孔和空白孔的成骨质量差异不明显,各孔间CT值差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 PRP经低温冷冻保存后仍然和新鲜PRP一样,具有早期促进骨缺损修复的效果.     

Eye Tumors Misdiagnosed as Glaucoma

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Effect of Intravenous Administration of Liposomal Prostaglandin E1 on Microcirculation in Patients with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Intervention

Background:

Several studies have demonstrated that primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can result in reperfusion injury. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of liposomal prostaglandin E1 (Lipo-PGE1, Alprostadil, Beijing Tide Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) for enhancing microcirculation in reperfusion injury. In addition, this study determined the optimal administration method for acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary PCI.

Methods:

Totally, 68 patients with STEMI were randomly assigned to two groups: intravenous administration of Lipo-PGE1 (Group A), and no Lipo-PGE1 administration (Group B). The corrected thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame count (cTFC) and myocardial blush grade (MBG) were calculated. Patients were followed up for 6 months. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were also measured.

Results:

There was no significant difference in the baseline characteristics between the two groups. The cTFC parameter in Group A was significantly lower than Group B (18.06 ± 2.06 vs. 25.31 ± 2.59, P < 0.01). The ratio of final MBG grade-3 was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in Group A (87.9%) relative to Group B (65.7%). There was no significant difference between the two groups in final TIMI-3 flow and no-reflow. Patients were followed up for 6 months, and the occurrence of MACE in Group A was significantly lower than that in Group B (6.1% vs. 25.9% respectively, P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

Myocardial microcirculation of reperfusion injury in patients with STEMI, after primary PCI, can be improved by administering Lipo-PGE1.