青少年网络成瘾者人格特征与事件相关电位P300的关系

目的 探讨青少年网络成瘾（IAD）者人格特征与事件相关电位P300的关系.方法 对42例青少年IAD者及40例非IAD者分别进行了艾森克个性问卷和事件相关电位测定,并将结果加以比较.结果 事件相关电位测定青少年IAD组N2及P3波潜伏期[分别为（267.2±24.2） ms、（374.5±22.0） ms]较非IAD组[分别为（235.7±21.8） ms、（332.3±23.5） ms]延长,P3波幅[（3.9±2.5） μV、（7.8±2.4）μV]降低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.艾森克个性问卷调查显示,青少年IAD组的精神质（P）及神经质（N）2个维度分[分别为（56.2±9.4）分、（49.8±7.4）分]均明显高于非IAD组[分别为（51.9±9.7）分、（42.4±7.5）分],差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）,而青少年IAD组内外向（E）和掩饰（L）维度分[分别为（45.7±9.0）分、（44.3±7.9）分]明显低于非IAD组[分别为（51.2±9.4）分、（50.9±8.3）分],亦差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.艾森克个性问卷与事件相关电位成分中P300波的相关分析显示,青少年IAD组P300波潜伏期与P、N维度分呈正相关（r=0.49和r=0.54,P＜0.01）,与E、L维度分呈负相关（r=-0.43和r=-0.46,P＜0.01）;P300波幅与P、N维度分呈负相关（r=-0.41和r=-0.50,P＜0.01）,与E、L维度分呈正相关（r=0.45和r=0.47,P＜0.01）.结论 青少年IAD存在一定的人格特征和认知异常,且人格与事件相关电位P300有一定的联系.     

论墨家兼爱思想对当代医学生人格培养的启示

墨家的兼爱思想与现代医学伦理中的人道主义相契合,与＂大医精诚＂思想一脉相承.墨家兼爱思想对医学生人格培养的启示包括：无差别爱人的思想正是当今医学生急需要培养的品格;＂兼相爱、交相利＂理念契合于当今新型医患之间的利益关系.     

儿童期虐待、人格、不安全感对医学生分离特质影响的路径分析

目的：构建医学生儿童期虐待、人格、不安全感与分离特质的关系模型。方法采用整群抽样法抽取某医学院262名医学生,使用解离特质量表（DTS）、儿童期虐待史自评量表（ PRCA）、不安全感心理自评量表（SRFIS）、简式大五人格问卷（NEO-FFI-R）等工具进行测评,用Amos7．0作路径分析。结果①儿童期虐待与不安全感、分离特质、神经质呈正相关（r＝0．248～0．361, P＜0．01）,与外向性、友善性、谨慎性呈负相关（r＝－0．168～－0．250, P＜0．01）;不安全感与分离特质、神经质呈正相关（r＝0．479～0．522, P＜0．01）,与外向性、友善性、谨慎性呈负相关（r＝－0．234～－0．324,P＜0．01）;分离特质与神经质呈正相关（r＝0．597, P＜0．01）,与外向性、开放性、友善性、谨慎性呈负相关（r＝－0．133～－0．453, P＜0．05）。②路径分析结果显示,儿童期虐待对不安全感有直接正向影响（B＝0．339, P＜0．01）,对大五人格有直接负向影响（B＝－0．226, P＜0．01）,对分离特质无直接影响（B＝－0．014,P＞0．05）;大五人格对不安全感、分离特质有直接负向影响（ B＝－0．609～－0．363, P＜0．01）;不安全感对分离特质有直接正向影响（ B＝0．448,P＜0．01）;大五人格和不安全感作为中介变量调节儿童期虐待对分离特质的影响。模型的拟合指数为χ^2／df＝1．151＜3．000, P＝0．080＞0．05,RMSEA＝0．024＜0．050,GFI＝0．935,AGFI＝0．909,NFI＝0．923,RFI＝0．902,IFI＝0．989,TLI＝0．986,CFI＝0．989,模型拟合良好。结论大五人格和不安全感作为中介变量调节着儿童期虐待对医学生分离特质的影响作用,儿童期虐待对分离特质无直接影响。     

人格心理学范畴的性

性与人们的生活密切相关,性与人格是互相影响的。文章介绍了心理学家对性与人格关系的主要研究成果,包括对同性恋及性变态者的人格研究、影响个体性态度的人格变量、男女两性对待性态度的异同。文章最后提出应探求性对人格发展的作用。     

An exploration of the attitudes, personality and performance of dental students

This study investigates (1) the behavioural patterns, performance and attitudes to dentistry and (2) the personality traits, in male and female dental students (n = 219) studying at Cardiff Dental School. The first part deals with the results of a questionnaire investigating aspects of the students' training course, interests in various fields of dentistry, the level of frustration, anxiety and fatigue felt, the overall feelings of satisfaction and dissatisfaction produced in their dental course, their reasons for entering dentistry and their hopes for a future career, as well as their various leisure and spare-time activities. The second part examines the personality traits of clinical stage students (n = 123) based on Cattell's personality questionnaire, the 16 PFQ form C. The results were correlated with students' 'A' level grades, interview grades, clinical examination results and responses to some items of the general questionnaire. It was possible to identify certain characteristics in dental students which implied likely success in their dental examinations. This may have a useful implication for the initial selection of those wishing to practise dentistry.     

新入监罪犯攻击行为与EPQ各维度的相关

目的 探讨新入监罪犯攻击行为与EPQ各维度的相关性。方法 采用修订的外颈攻击量表封43例新入监罪犯进行连续10天的行为观察，以及艾森克个性问卷测试。结果MOAS量表检出人数为33例（N-43），检出率为76．7％。罪犯的言语攻击、自体攻击及攻击总分都与P分呈顾着负相关（P〈0．05），物体攻击与P分的相关也接近0．05水平。结论 罪犯的攻击行为与其精神质人格特点有关。     

Quality of Life and Personality in Adults with Epilepsy

Summary: Purpose: This study was undertaken to understand the quality of life, personality, and associated factors in patients with epilepsy.
Methods: 117 patients with epilepsy and 84 healthy people were studied and tested using the Social Support Scale, the General Well-being Schedule, the Life-Event Scale, the Behavior Pattern Scale, and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire WQ).
Results: There were no significant differences between the patients with epilepsy and the control group in the Social Support Scale results. The General Well-being Schedule scores were lower for the case patients than for the control group (p < 0.01). Scores for patients with frequent seizures (once a month or more) were lower than those without frequent seizures (less than once per month). The case patients had higher negative scores in the family-related problem section of the Life Events Scale, compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The patients with epilepsy were also more likely to lie (p < 0.05); their emotions were more changeable (p < 0.01), and their character more introverted (p < 0.05), although their behavior patterns were similar to the controls. We also studied associated factors related to personality, general well-being, and familial-negative life-events.
Conclusions: These results provide information about patients with epilepsy that may be useful in their psychological treatment.     

Urinary phenylethylamine correlates positively with hypomania,and negatively with depression,paranoia, and social introversion on the MMPI

Summary It has been suggested that phenylethylamine (PEA) may play a role in the modulation of affective behavior. The aim of the present study was to test this hypothesis. Urinary PEA excretion was determined in 32 drug-free healthy volunteers, and the MMPI was used for personality assessment. In support of this hypothesis, a significant positive correlation between PEA and hypomania (r = 0.50; P < 0.05) and a significant negative correlation between PEA and depression (r = –0.58; P < 0.01) was observed in the female subgroup. Furthermore, PEA correlated significantly negatively with hypochondriasis (r = –0.65; P < 0.01), paranoia (r = 0.49; P < 0.05), and social introversion (r = –0.60; P < 0.05). These results are the first evidence in normal individuals either that PEA itself might play a role in the modulation of affective behaviour, or alternatively that PEA could be related to mechanisms responsible for the modulation of affective behavior.     

云南少数民族贫困大学生心理健康状况与人格特征的调查分析

目的探讨云南少数民族贫困大学生心理健康状况与人格特征。方法采用90项症状自评量表（SCL-90）和卡特尔十六种人格因素问卷（16PF）对云南少数民族贫困大学生987名进行测评和分析。结果云南少数民族贫困大学生总体心理健康状况较差，16PF得分与全国男、女大学生常模差异显著。结论积极、有效的少数民族贫困大学生心理辅导值得重视，人格的培养与完善有利于提高其心理健康水平。     

Female students' disordered eating and the big five personality facets

Female undergraduate students at two Canadian universities (N = 378) completed the NEO PI-R (Costa, P.T. & McCrae, R.R. (1992). NEO PI-R Professional Manual. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources) and the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26; Garner, D. M., Olmstead, M. P., Bohr, Y. & Garfinkel, P. E. (1982). The Eating Attitudes Test: Psychometric features and clinical correlates. Psychological Medicine, 12, 871–878.). Eating disorder symptomatic (N = 43) and nonsymptomatic (N = 335) women differed on facets of Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Agreeableness. Among symptomatic women, the Oral Control subscale of the EAT-26 was correlated significantly with facets of Neuroticism, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. Specifically, the Impulsivity facet of Neuroticism was positively correlated with the Bulimia and Food Preoccupation subscale of EAT-26, but negatively correlated with the Oral Control and Dieting subscales. Overall, results suggest that high scores on Neuroticism may be a risk factor for development of disordered eating behavior and that the degree of Impulsiveness may predict the eating disorder subtype to which one is most susceptible.