氟苯胺席夫碱及其铜(Ⅱ)、镍(Ⅱ)配合物的合成与抑菌活性研究

目的开发新型抑菌药物.方法以水杨醛和对氟苯胺为原料合成含氟Schiff碱及其Cu(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)配合物,并进行了初步抑菌活性研究.结果合成的Schiff碱及其配合物经元素分析、红外光谱等表征其结构组成.结论抑菌活性试验表明,合成的Schiff碱及其配合物对各供试菌株有明显的抑菌活性,抑菌效果有量效关系,其中Schiff的Cu配合物活性最强,并超过了苯甲酸.     

络合捕集-火焰原子吸收法测定矿泉水中微量铁、铜、锰、锌、镉

目的 建立用1-[2-吡啶偶氮]-2萘酚(PAN)测定矿泉水中微量铁、铜、锰、锌、镉的火焰原子吸收分析方法。方法 采用PAN作为微量铁、铜、锰、锌、镉的捕集剂及沉淀剂，运用三氯甲烷溶解，硝酸反萃取，火焰原子吸收光谱法测定。结果 最低检测浓度分别为0．16、0．10、0．080、0．033、0．058μg／ml；线性范围分别为0．00～1．0、0．00～0．50、0．00～0．50、0．00～0．25、0．00～0．25μg／ml；测定样品中五种金属离子的相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为2．7％、1．9％、4．7％、3．2％、3．6％；样品加标回收率分别为94．5％～96．0％、92．0％～101．3％、95．5％～105．0％、94．0％～105．0％、97．5％～102．3％。结论 矿泉水中微量铁、铜、锰、锌、镉用PAN富集浓缩后，可以用原子吸收光谱法测定，灵敏度、准确度均达到分析要求。     

罗丹明6G-PAN能量转移荧光猝灭法测定痕量锰(Ⅱ)

目的：建立一种新的荧光法测定痕量锰（Ⅱ）。方法：在pH9.5的氨缓冲介质中,Mn2＋与1-（2-吡啶偶氮）-2萘酚（PAN）形成配合物,在无水乙醇介质中,λex/λem=543 nm/558 nm,罗丹明6G（Rh6G）与PAN-Mn2＋配合物之间发生能量转移,使Rh6G荧光猝灭,从而建立锰（Ⅱ）的测定新方法。结果：在实验最适条件下,Mn2＋浓度在12-600 ng/ml范围内,与荧光猝灭程度呈现良好的线性关系（r=0.9998）。方法的检出限为3.55 ng/ml;相对标准差为0.85%-1.28%（n=11）;样品加标回收率为95.0%-107.0%。结论：方法灵敏度高、精密度好、操作简便、费用低,用于水样、人发和茶叶中痕量锰的测定,结果满意。     

左旋泮托拉唑镁对动物实验性十二指肠溃疡的影响

目的研究左旋泮托拉唑镁对动物实验性十二指肠溃疡的影响。方法应用大鼠半胱胺型十二指肠溃疡模型、大鼠醋酸烧灼型十二指肠溃疡模型 ,观察左旋泮托拉唑镁口服对十二指肠溃疡的预防与治疗作用。结果左旋泮托拉唑镁能明显降低大鼠半胱胺型十二指肠溃疡的溃疡指数 ;连续 7d给予 1 5、3 0、9 0mg·kg-1·d-1的左旋泮托拉唑镁可显著促进大鼠醋酸烧灼型十二指肠溃疡的愈合 ,右旋与消旋泮托拉唑镁也可促进溃疡的愈合 ,但作用较左旋体弱。结论左旋泮托拉唑镁的抗实验性十二指肠溃疡作用强于右旋与消旋泮托拉唑镁。     

Reduced podocyte expression of alpha3beta1 integrins and podocyte depletion in patients with primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and chronic PAN-treated rats

Integrins attach cells to extracellular matrix (ECM) and mediate signals from ECM to cells or from cells to ECM. They regulate cell functions, including adhesion, migration, cell cycle regulation, and differentiation. Podocytes may detach from the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and be excreted in the urine, and proteinuria is found in patients with primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS); both may be associated with loss of alpha3beta1integrins. In this study, we have examined the podocyte number in patients with primary FSGS and normal controls, and the alpha3- and beta1-integrin subunits expression of podocytes in patients with primary FSGS and chronic puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-treated rats by the morphometric, immunoperoxidase histochemical, and immunoelectron microscopic examination. We also measured their expression serially in rats that received repeated PAN injection. The results showed that the podocyte number was significantly decreased in patients with primary FSGS than in normal control (P < 0.05). The immunostaining score showed that both alpha3- and beta1-integrin subunits on podocytes in patients with primary FSGS were significantly lower than in normal controls (both P < 0.01). The number of immuno-gold particles of alpha3- and beta1-integrins at the effaced foot process area of patients with primary FSGS were also significantly decreased than that of normal controls (both P < 0.05). The immunostaining score of both alpha3- and beta1-integrin subunits was negatively correlated with the degree of glomerular sclerosing score and the amount of daily protein loss, and they were positively correlated with the number of podocytes. Chronic 12-week PAN-treated rats showed similar findings with decreased immunostaining expression and immuno-gold particles of alpha3-integrin on podocytes than in normal control (both P < 0.05). The chronic PAN-treated rats also showed a trend toward gradually decreased immunostaining expression of alpha3-integrin subunit on podocyte during the progress from normal to FSGS state. These studies indicate that podocyte expression of alpha3- and beta1-integrin subunits is significantly reduced in humans with primary FSGS and chronic PAN-treated rats, before the morphological changes of FSGS are observed. The decreased podocyte expression of alpha3beta1 integrins is closely related with podocyte depletion, glomerular sclerosis, and daily protein loss in patients with primary FSGS.     

PAN-Rh6G能量转移荧光猝灭法测定痕量镍(Ⅱ)

目的根据能量转移荧光猝灭程度，建立一种荧光猝灭法测定环境水样中痕量镍的新方法。方法在无水乙醇介质中，Ni^2＋与1-（2-吡啶偶氮）-2-萘酚（VAN）形成PAN-Ni^2＋配合物，其吸收光谱与罗丹明6G（Rh6G）的发射光谱有效重叠，发生能量转移，使Rh6G荧光猝灭，从而建立了痕量镍的荧光猝灭测定新方法。结果在优化实验条件下，在24．3～640ng／mL浓度范围内，Rh6G荧光猝灭程度与Ni^2＋质量浓度（ρNi^2＋）呈现良好的线性关系（r=0．9996）。方法的检出限为7．3ng／mL；相对标准偏差为0．73％-2．03％。结论此方法灵敏、快速、简便，用于环境水样中痕量镍的测定，结果满意。     

Mast cells in renal inflammation and fibrosis: Lessons learnt from animal studies

Mast cells are hematopoietic cells involved in inflammation and immunity and have been recognized also as important effector cells in kidney inflammation. In humans, only a few mast cells reside in kidneys constitutively but in progressive renal diseases their numbers increase substantially representing an essential part of the interstitial infiltrate of inflammatory cells. Recent data obtained in experimental animal models have emphasized a complex role of these cells and the mediators they release as they have been shown both to promote, but also to protect from disease and fibrosis development. Sometimes conflicting results have been reported in similar models suggesting a very narrow window between these activities depending on the pathophysiological context. Interestingly in mice, mast cell or mast cell mediator specific actions became also apparent in the absence of significant mast cell kidney infiltration supporting systemic or regional actions via draining lymph nodes or kidney capsules. Many of their activities rely on the capacity of mast cells to release, in a timely controlled manner, a wide range of inflammatory mediators, which can promote anti-inflammatory actions and repair activities that contribute to healing, but in some circumstances or in case of inappropriate regulation may also promote kidney disease.     

Lymphocytic vasculitis of the prostate transition zone

Study Type – Pathology (case series) Level of Evidence 4 What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Lymphocytic vasculitis of the prostate is an exceedingly rare form of localised vasculitis that presents without systemic involvement, and is illustrated with anecdotal case reports; often as localised polyarteritis nodosa‐like vasculitis. True incidence and clinical significance of lymphocytic vasculitis of the prostate in surgical specimens is virtually unknown. The present findings support that lymphocytic vasculitis of the prostate was present in 67 (12.4%) of 540 specimens. Lymphocytic vasculitis of the prostate was present in 14 (93.3%) of 15 specimens with prostatic infarction (P < 0.001) with a risk of 124.68 (OR [odds ratio]; 95% CI [confidence interval] 16.07–967.07) as compared with BPH cases not associated with lymphocytic vasculitis.

OBJECTIVE

• ? To present our experience of lymphocytic vasculitis of the prostate in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) without systemic involvement, as this is an exceedingly rare form of localised vasculitis and the incidence in surgical specimens and clinical significance of lymphocytic vasculitis is virtually unknown.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

• ? A sequential cohort series of 540 surgical specimens removed because of BPH‐related symptoms, including simple prostatectomy (374 men) and transurethral resection of the prostate (166), comprised the study group.
• ? All men had histological diagnosis of BPH and received surgical therapy only. None of the men had had previous surgery or granulomatous prostatitis.
• ? The mean (range) age at diagnosis was 67.8 (38–89) years.

RESULTS

• ? Lymphocytic vasculitis of the prostate was present in 67 (12.4 %) of 540 specimens. It was seen in a variable number of small‐ to medium‐sized parenchyma arteries with segmental to transmural lymphocytic inflammation, within the morphological spectrum of a polyarteritis nodosa (PAN)‐like lesion seen at the periphery of BPH nodules.
• ? In four cases, focal fibrinoid necrosis was seen in vessels with otherwise typical lymphocytic vasculitis features. Immunohistochemical staining showed a T cell predominant polymorphic cellular infiltrate with a minor component of B cells and monocytes. Six cases additionally had eosinophils (<1% of inflammatory cells).
• ? Lymphocytic vasculitis of the prostate was present in 14 (93.3%) of 15 specimens with prostatic infarction (P < 0.001) with a risk of 124.68 (odds ratio [OR]; 95% confidence interval [CI] 16.07–967.07) as compared with BPH cases not associated with lymphocytic vasculitis. Logistic regression multivariate analysis selected both lymphocytic vasculitis of the prostate and patient age as significant predictors of prostate infarction with lymphocytic vasculitis being the most significant (P < 0.001; OR 128.12; 95% CI 16.298–1007.202). Follow‐up information was available in all cases, range 2–16 years, and none of the patients developed systemic disease.
• ? A validation set of 1665 additional cases including radical prostatectomy, cystoprostatectomy, and needle biopsies showed lymphocytic vasculitis of the prostate being associated to prostate infarction on univariate and multivariate logistic regression (P < 0.001; OR 228.34; 95% CI 45.17–1154.22) analyses.

CONCLUSIONS

• ? Lymphocytic vasculitis in men with BPH is associated with prostatic infarction and should be considered a form of localised vasculitis with PAN‐like morphology that does not necessitate additional evaluation for systemic disease.
• ? The potential clinical relevance of lymphocytic vasculitis warrants further investigation.