大学生性别角色类型与攻击行为的相关研究

目的 考察不同性别角色类型大学生攻击行为的差异.方法 采用大学生性别角色量表和攻击行为量表对81名大学生进行测量.结果 ①大学生中双性化比例为30.9％、未分化为38.3％,都显著高于男性化和女性化(x2=12.778,P＜0.01);②男生和女生在愤怒因子上差异显著(t=-2.366,P＜0.05);③不同性别角色类型的个体在生理攻击(F=2.934,P＜0.05)、言语攻击(F=6.683,P＜0.001)、愤怒(F=11.657,P＜0.001)、敌意(F=5.344,P＜0.01)和攻击总分(F=9.390,P＜0.001)维度上的得分均存在显著性差异.结论 不同性别角色类型的攻击行为存在显著差异,其中双性化类别的个体拥有很强的攻击行为.     

大学生发生运动攻击性行为的心理因素分析

在学校体育竞赛中,学生发生运动攻击性行为造成的伤害是不可忽视的。从心理角度调查其形成的原因,通过对学生的竞赛的动机、心理活动、精神状态等内在因素以及竞赛的功利性、规则的严谨、熟练等外因的分析,找出有效的预防对策。     

Weak winner effect in a less aggressive mammal: correlations with corticosterone but not testosterone

We investigated the existence of the "winner effect" (winning an aggressive encounter following previous victories) and an associated rise in testosterone (T) in the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) which generally display low levels of aggression and territoriality. We compared the effect of previously winning three, two, one, or zero resident-intruder encounters on the likelihood of winning a subsequent aggressive encounter. Although 50% of males were removed during training because of peaceful encounters, the winner effect was weak and not significant. We hypothesize that territoriality/aggression may be associated with the strength of the winner effect and discuss whether the slight winner effect exhibited by P. leucopus may become significant when population densities increase and males become more territorial. There was also no associated change in T with winning; however, corticosterone (Cort) changed with experience as winners had low Cort levels compared to losers and controls. Furthermore, low Cort levels in winners were associated with quicker attack latencies. These results contrast with findings of a significant winner effect and increase in T in males of the highly territorial and aggressive California mouse (Peromyscus californicus) using an identical methodology. California mice also attacked their opponents at more caudal regions of the body compared to white-footed mice that attacked their opponents at more rostral regions of the body, possibly related to different levels/types of aggression expressed by the two species.