气象对胃经五输阻抗值影响的初探

目的:观察数据中不同季节因素对人体胃经五输穴的阻抗值是否有显著影响,用以判断季节因素是否对人体胃脏有显著影响。方法:试用自行研制脏腑疾病诊断仪DM-Ⅰ,测试180例无胃病及其循行经脉病的健康人胃经五输体表阻抗值。结果:经过统计方法处理,发现α=0.05水平下,季节对各个穴位的测试值没有显著性差异(p>0.05)。结论:可以排除季节变化因素对胃输五经阻抗值测定的影响。     

Evaluation of safety and tolerance of microencapsulated Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 30242 in a yogurt formulation: A randomized,placebo-controlled,double-blind study

Probiotic organisms have shown promise in treating diseases. Previously, we have reported on the efficacy of microencapsulated Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 30242 in a yogurt formulation at lowering serum cholesterol levels in otherwise healthy hypercholesterolemic adults. This study investigates the safety and toxicology of oral ingestion of microencapsulated L. reuteri NCIMB 30242 in a yogurt formulation. A randomized group of 120 subjects received a dose of 5 × 10¹⁰ CFU microencapsulated L. reuteri NCIMB 30242 in yogurt (n = 59) or placebo yogurt (n = 61) twice/day for 6 weeks. Clinical chemistry and hematological parameters of safety were analyzed. Fecal samples were collected at these time points for the analysis of deconjugated bile acids. The frequency, duration and intensity of adverse events (AEs) and clinical significance of safety parameters were recorded for both groups. No clinically significant differences between the probiotic yogurt and placebo yogurt treated groups were detected in either the blood clinical chemistry or hematology results and there was no significant increase in fecal deconjugated bile acids (P > 0.05) between treated and control groups. The frequency and intensity of AEs was similar in the two groups. These results demonstrate the safe use of this formulation in food.     

Expression and significance of DSCAM in the cerebral cortex of APP transgenic mice

Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (DSCAM) plays important roles in the regulation of synaptogenesis, neurite outgrowth, axon guidance and synapse formation. Overexpression of DSCAM in Down syndrome (DS) may be involved in the pathogenesis of mental retardation through an inhibitory action on synaptogenesis/neurite outgrowth, and in the precocious dementia associated with an amyloid precursor protein (APP) dosage effect with enhanced plaque formation. In this report we examined the expression of DSCAM in the cerebral cortex of APP transgenic mice versus age-matched wild-type mice. We found that the level of DSCAM expression increased with increasing age in both groups of mice, up to a maximum at 3 months old. The level of DSCAM expression in APP transgenic mice was significantly higher than in the age-matched wild types. We propose that overexpression of DSCAM in the cerebral cortex might play an important role in the learning and memory defects of APP transgenic mice.     

急性百草枯中毒后MODS患者血清TNF-α和IL-10的变化及意义

目的探讨急性百草枯中毒（APP）后多器官功能障碍综合征（MODS）患者血清TNF-α、IL-10的变化及临床意义。方法应用放射免疫技术测定32例APP后MODS患者与30名健康人血清TNF-α、IL-10水平,分析APP后MODS患者血清TNF-α、IL-10水平和急性生理学与慢性健康状况Ⅱ（APACHEⅡ）评分、动脉血氧分压（PaO2）、血尿素氮（BUN）、血肌酐（Scr）等指标的关系。结果APP后MODS患者血清TNF-α、IL-10水平较正常对照组明显升高（P〈0.05）,但死亡组与存活组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;血清TNF-α、IL-10水平与APACHEⅡ评分、BUN、Scr呈正相关（P〈0.05）,与Pa02呈显著负相关（P〈0.01）。结论TNF-α、IL-10参与了APP后MODS的发病过程,且与APACHEⅡ评分呈正相关;血清TNF-α、IL-10水平可作为APP后MODS患者多器官功能损害程度评估与预后判断的临床指标之一。     

SPECIFIC UP-REGULATION OF DNA POLYMERASE BY HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS 16

Obje, etive To analyze how the infection of human papillomavirus 16 （ HPV16 ） affects expression of DNA poly- merase β（DNA polB） with the aim of probing the mechanism of over-expression of DNA polB in human cancers. Methods Four fragments of human DNA polB promoter were amplified and constructed into luciferase reporter vec- tor pGL-Basic, generating pGL-BP, pGL-BMH, pGL-BMS, and pGL-BAT constructs respectively, and co-transfected with HPV16 or HPV6 into Hep2 cells. Luciferase activity was assayed 48 hours after transfectiorL Semi-quantitative RT- PCR was used to measure mRNA expression of endogenous DNA polB. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were used to analyze DNA polB expression and HPV16 or HPV6 infection in 38 cases of cervical lesions respectively. Results With co-transfection of HPV16 and DNA polB promoter-driving reporters into Hep2 cells, pGL-BP re- porter in full-length DNA polB promoter presented markedly elevated luciferase activities （ P 〈 0.05 ）. However, the other three mutant reporters： pGL-BMH, pGL-BMS, and pGL-BAT, generated no reporting activities in the presence of HPV16 （P 〉0.05 ）. On the contrary, all of polB promoter reporters were little stimulated in co-transfection of HPV6 （P 〉0.05 ）. The transfection of HPV16 could enhance the endogenous polB mRNA expression compared with that of HPV6 （3.42 vs. 0.80, P 〈0.05）. The DNA polB expression was found in 8 of 10 HPV16-positive cervical intraepi- thelial neoplasia grade Ⅲ（ CIN Ⅲ） cases, while was only found in 3 of 11 HPV6-positive condyloma accuminatum cases, but was negative in all chronic cervicitis cases. The correlation of DNA polB expression with HPV16 infection in cervical lesions was significant （ P 〈0.05 ）. Conclusions HPV16 is able to specifically stimulate the expression of DNA polB in human epithelial cells through interaction with the core upstream regulatory sequences of DNA polB promoter. Over-expression of DNA polB might be an explanation for the molecular mechani     

Effect of atorvastatin upon platelet activation in hypercholesterolemia, evaluated by flow cytometry

Hyperlipidemia is a well established risk factor for cardiovascular disease and atherothrombotic events, in which platelet activation also plays a significant role. However, very few studies have addressed platelet activation in hypercholesterolemia, the potential effect of lipid lowering drugs upon platelet hyperfunction, and the question of whether changes in the latter are correlated to normalization of plasma lipids. This study used whole blood flow cytometry to assess in vivo and in vitro platelet activation in a group of 33 patients with hypercholesterolemia, and also the ex vivo effect of atorvastatin (20 mg/day) upon such activation. A control group of 40 normolipidemic volunteers matched in terms of age, sex and added risk factors to the patient group was used. The results showed that hypercholesterolemic patients had in vivo a significantly greater percentage of GPIIb/IIIa- and phosphatidylserine-positive platelets compared with the control group (4.62+/-3.51% and 2.58+/-1.19% versus 2.73+/-1.08% and 1.54+/-0.68%, respectively). In vitro response of CD62 expression to thrombin was also greater in the patients than in the controls (92.51+/-6.00% versus 89.63+/-10.72%, p<0.05). Atorvastatin therapy normalized platelet hyperfunction in the patients studied and reduced GPIIb/IIIa response to ADP (from 82.65+/-6.43% to 75.84+/-4.89%, p<0.01). A significant correlation can be seen between such normalization and the decrease in plasma levels of total and LDL cholesterol.     

Significant others' experience of suffering when living with women with breast cancer

This is an inquiry into how significant others experience being close to a woman suffering from breast cancer. In order to find this out, theme interviews were arranged with 17 women and 16 significant others from four different caring cultures in Sweden and Finland. A phenomenological case study methodology was adopted and in the analysis of the data a scientific teamwork model was employed, based on ideas developed at the Vancouver School of Doing Phenomenology. The findings show that the significant others experience deep often unrelieved suffering. They consider themselves prisoners of a situation of uncertainty and powerlessness when standing by the woman. They are torn between their own suffering and their desire to alleviate the woman's suffering. A vicious circle of mutual protection intensifies the suffering of the significant other, while actively sharing the suffering brings relief. The gravity of the situation creates an ethical urge in the significant other to assume responsibility for life in common with the woman.     

The early risk stratification of the patients with acute chest pain

Objective: This investigation was designed to stratify patients with acute chest pain based on their symptoms, electrocardiogram (ECG), cardiac injury markers and the number of accompanying traditional risk factors(smoking, obesity, hyperlipemia, hypertension, diabetes), and to assess the effect of the above factors to obtain a risk stratification for patients with chest pain. Methods: We identified 139 patients with acute chest pain, including 45 myocardiac infarction patients, 65 unstable angina patients and 29 chest pain patients without identified acute coronary syndrome(ACS) admitted to our Coronary Heart Center during December 2004 to February 2005. All patients accepted coronary angiography. All data was collected using questionnaires. Based on reported symptom, electrocardiogram (ECG), cardiac injury markers and the number of the accompanying traditional risk factors, we stratified all patients into four groups: Group 1, patients with acute chest pain, ECG changes and abnormal cardiac injury biomarkers. Group 2, patients with acute chest pain and ECG changes(without abnormal cardiac injury biomarkers). Group 3, patients with acute chest pain, normal ECG, normal cardiac injury biomarkers and >2 traditional risk factors. Group 4, patients with acute chest pain, normal ECG and normal cardiac injury biomarkers, but only≤2 traditional risk factors. From this data we examined the difference of ACS incidence in the four groups. Results:After stratification the ACS incidence of the grouped patients in turn was 100%, 84%, 69.6% and 53.3%. The combination of early phase ECG and cardiac injury markers identified 70.9% patients with ACS(the specificity being 90.7%). The mortality of group 3 was higher compared with group 4(69.6% vs 53.3%), however the P value was more than 0.05 and didn’t show significant statistical difference. The correlation analysis found the number of the traditional risk factors had a significant positive correlation (r = 0.202, P = 0.044) with the number of stenosis being more than 50% of the artery diameter. Multiple linear regression showed the hypertension had a significant correlation with the number of the diseased regions(P = 0.014). Conclusions:The risk stratification based on the symptom, ECG, cardiac injury markers and accompanying traditional risk factors is both important and available in practice. It is unsuitable for patients with a normal ECG and cardiac injury markers to differentiate ACS from non-cardiac chest pain relying only on the number of the accompanying traditional risk factors. However we found the number of the risk factors can indicate the disease severity.     

Study on correlation between C-reactive protein and gestational diabetes mellitus

Objective：To investigate correlation between C-reactive protein（CRP） and gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM）, Methods：Twentyfive GDM women were served as study group, and thirty normal pregnant women were selected as control group. The serum FPG, 2hPG, HbAlc and CRP levels and the leukocyte count were detected in the two groups, in order to observe the relationship between gestational diabetes mellitus and inflammatory markers. Results：The age and gestational week did not show difference in the two groups（P〉 0.05）. But there was a significant difference in body mass index（BMI） between the GDM group and the controtgroup（P 〈 0.05）. The serum FPG, 2hPG, HbAlc and CRP levels and the leukocyte count in the GDM group were higher than those in the control group, and the difference was significant（P 〈 0.05）, There was positive correlation between serum C-reactive protein value and FPG, 2hPG, HbAlc serum levels or the leukocyte count in GDM group. But in the control group there was no correlation between them. Conclusion：The results suggest that there is correlation between C-reactive protein and gestational diabetes mellitus, and inflammation may play an important role in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus.