新疆维吾尔族与汉族非小细胞肺癌EGFR突变的差异

目的:探讨新疆地区汉族及维吾尔族非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者EGFR突变发生率及差异.方法:采用ARMS法对54例汉族及50例维吾尔族非小细胞肺癌组织进行EGFR突变检测,并统计两组中EGFR突变民族差异性及相关因素差异.结果:维吾尔族非小细胞肺癌组中EGFR突变率为22.0％,汉族非小细胞肺癌组中EGFR突变率为40.7％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).在EGFR突变中,均以19外显子缺失、21外显子L858R突变为主,且两者在两个民族所占比率比较无统计学差异.其他相关因素比较,如病理类型、吸烟情况与性别,两组均以腺癌、不吸烟、男性患者为主,无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论:EGFR突变率在两个民族中存在差异,其余外显子突变情况及相关因素均无差异.     

非小细胞肺癌患者血清TPS水平及其临床价值研究

目的：探讨血清TPS（组织多肽特异性抗原）水平与非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者生物学特征的相关性及其临床应用价值。方法：采用ELISA法测定127例NSCLC患者和31例肺部良性肿瘤患者血清TPS水平,并以22例正常人血清作为对照。结果：NSCLC患者血清TPS水平高达377．2±302．5U／L,肺部良性肿瘤患者和正常对照组分别为109.7±51．9U／L和71．6±33．8U／L,NSCLC患者明显高于肺部良性肿瘤患者和正常对照组（P〈0．001）,取正常值为148U／L时,TPS对NSCLC诊断灵敏度是85％,特异度为84．9％;不同性别、年龄、病理类型之间和有无纵隔淋巴结转移NSCLC患者之间血清TPS水平接近,统计分析均无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。TNM分期Ⅲ-Ⅳ期的病人血清TPS水平高达487．4±419．8U／L,明显高于Ⅰ-Ⅱ期病人（268．9±201．6U／L）;手术前患者（386．3±317．5U／L）高于手术后（198．5±113．6U／L）患者;复发后病人（552．3±471．6U／L）明显高于复发前患者（204．2±133．7U／L）;存活期3年以上病人（266．3±242．2U／L）明显低于存活期3年以内病人（489．5±353．3U／L）,统计分析各组均有非常显著性差异（P〈0．001）。结论：血清TPS水平与肿瘤活动度密切相关,能够反映疾病的严重程度,也可用于判定手术效果、监测复发和评估预后等。     

Intercalated Chemotherapy and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors for Patients With Advanced Non–Small-cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of concurrent epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) plus chemotherapy for unselected patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) produced negative results. Intercalated administration could avoid the reduction of chemotherapy activity due to G₁ cell-cycle arrest from EGFR-TKIs. A PubMed search was performed in December 2015 and updated in February 2016. The references from the selected studies were also checked to identify additional eligible trials. Furthermore, the proceedings of the main international meetings were searched from 2010 onward. We included RCTs comparing chemotherapy intercalated with an EGFR-TKI versus chemotherapy alone for patients with advanced NSCLC. Ten RCTs were eligible (6 with erlotinib, 4 with gefitinib): 39% of patients had a known EGFR mutational status, 43% of whom EGFR mutation positive. The intercalated combination was associated with a significant improvement in overall survival (OS; hazard ratio [HR], 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.71-0.95; P = .01), progression-free survival (PFS; HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.53-0.68; P < .00001), and objective response rate (ORR; odds ratio [OR], 2.70; 95% CI, 2.08-3.49; P < .00001). Considering only first-line trials, similar differences were found in OS (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.72-1.00; P = .05), PFS (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.55-0.73; P < .00001), and ORR (OR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.65-2.95; P < .00001). In EGFR mutation-positive patients, the addition of an intercalated EGFR-TKI produced a significant benefit in PFS (129 patients; HR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.16-0.37; P < .00001) and ORR (168 patients; OR, 11.59; 95% CI, 5.54-24.25; P < .00001). In patients with advanced NSCLC, chemotherapy plus intercalated EGFR-TKIs was superior to chemotherapy alone, although a definitive interpretation was jeopardized by the variable proportion of patients with EGFR mutation-positive tumors included.     

Afatinib as First-line Treatment of Older Patients With EGFR Mutation-Positive Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Subgroup Analyses of the LUX-Lung 3, LUX-Lung 6, and LUX-Lung 7 Trials

Background

Afatinib is approved in the US, Europe, and several other regions for first-line treatment for epidermal growth factor receptor mutation-positive (EGFRm⁺) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Computer-Based Intensity Measurement Assists Pathologists in Scoring Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Immunohistochemistry — Clinical Associations in NSCLC Patients of the European Thoracic Oncology Platform Lungscape Cohort

Introduction

Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) loss is frequently observed in NSCLC and associated with both phosphoinositide 3-kinase activation and tumoral immunosuppression. PTEN immunohistochemistry is a valuable readout, but lacks standardized staining protocol and cutoff value.

Combined treatment of curcumin and small molecule inhibitors suppresses proliferation of A549 and H1299 human non-small-cell lung cancer cells

Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a phenolic compound present in turmeric and is ingested daily in many parts of the world. Curcumin has been reported to cause inhibition on proliferation and induction of apoptosis in many human cancer cell lines, including non‐small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLC). However, the clinical application of curcumin is restricted by its low bioavailability. In this report, it was observed that combined treatment of a low dosage of curcumin (5–10 µ m ) with a low concentration (0.1–2.5 µ m ) of small molecule inhibitors, including AG1478, AG1024, PD173074, LY294002 and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) increased the growth inhibition in two human NSCLC cell lines: A549 and H1299 cells. The observation suggested that combined treatment of a low dosage of curcumin with inhibitors against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1R), fibroblast growth factors receptor (FGFR), phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinases (PI3K) or NF‐κB signaling pathway may be a potential adjuvant therapy beneficial to NSCLC patients. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

两种方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效及成本-效益比较研究

目的评价两种治疗方案对于晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的临床疗效,探讨最具经济效益的治疗方案。方法采用随机、对照研究方法,将晚期NSCLC首治带瘤患者随机分为化疗组和中医综合组。以有效率、疾病控制率、生存期作为衡量指标,观察两种方案治疗两周期后的经济成本效益。结果治疗后化疗组和中医综合组的有效率分别为4.0%、16.0%,疾病控制率分别为28.0%、36.0%;直接成本分别为21 930.92(元)、23 642.24(元);有效率的成本/效益比分别为5 482.73、1 477.64;疾病控制率的成本/效益比分别为783.25、656.73;生存期的成本/效益比分别为38.07、25.61。增量分析法提示以化疗组作为参照,中医综合组的△C/△E有效、△C/△E疾病控制、△C/△E生存期为142.61、213.92、4.93。结论中医综合方案治疗晚期NSCLC,与化疗相比较,虽轻度增加成本,但可获得更好的有效率及较长的生存期,是一种经济、有效的治疗方案。