神经生长因子对大鼠坐骨神经损伤修复的影响

以坐骨神经损伤的大鼠为动物模型，采用形态学方法，研究了外源性短暂给予较大剂量神经生长因子后，对大鼠周围神经损伤修复的影响。结果表明，神经生长因子可促进周围神经损伤的修复，该促进作用在早期较为明显，晚期则不明显，可能与神经生长因子进入体内的途径、方式、活性持续时间有关；损伤神经近侧端的再生修复好于远侧端，可能与其有利于接受胞体对再生修复的调节有关。     

临床医生肿瘤诊断编码错误的影响因素分析及其改进策略

目的：探讨临床医生肿瘤诊断编码错漏填写的原因和改进措施。方法：运用我院《病案首页检索系统》与《病理报告系统》结合，筛查出2019年1月至2019年7月医院住院病案首页中主要诊断ICD-10编码为C00-D98的病例，并对应核查病理报告结果，根据对应发现的肿瘤诊断编码错漏病例，分析问题产生的原因，用同样的筛查方式，检索医院制定并实施质量改进措施后2020年1月至2020年7月住院病案首页中肿瘤诊断编码错漏例数。结果：质量改进措施实施后，肿瘤诊断编码错漏例数显著低于措施实施前，具有统计学意义（P<0.05），结论：通过对临床医生肿瘤诊断编码质量的一系列改进措施实施，能明显提高肿瘤诊断编码的质量     

菩人丹超微粉对T2DM大血管病变大鼠主动脉形态结构的影响

目的:观察菩人丹超微粉(Pu Ren Dan Superfine Powder,PRD)对2型糖尿病(Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus,T2DM)大血管损伤大鼠胸主动脉形态结构的影响。方法:以灌胃脂肪乳复合尾静脉快速注射链脲佐菌素(Streptozotocin,STZ)复制T2DM大鼠大血管病变模型。成模大鼠随机分为模型组,PRD高、中、低剂量组和马来酸罗格列酮组,各组动物给予相应药物治疗4周,4周末处死动物,取胸主动脉弓,进行形态学观察。结果:正常组大鼠主动脉弓内皮细胞结构清晰,内弹力膜厚约3～5μm,中膜弹力膜与平滑肌排列有序。模型组与正常组相比内膜增厚,内皮细胞结构不清晰,内弹力膜变薄或间断。中膜弹力膜变薄,结构松散。而PRD治疗组大鼠主动脉内膜无增厚,内皮细胞清晰,内质网发达,内弹力膜无明显改变,中膜弹力膜规整。结论:中药复方PRD对T2DM大血管病变大鼠胸主动脉损伤具有明显的修复作用。     

上颌恒磨牙卡氏尖的调查研究

目的:调查卡氏尖在汉族人恒牙列中的表达特点及规律.方法:选择2758例汉族人进行口腔检查,记录卡氏尖在上颌恒磨牙的表达强度(分为5级).应用 SPSS13.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析卡方检验比较不同牙位、不同性别、左右侧卡氏尖的发生率双侧相关性采用Kendall检验.结果:卡氏尖的人群发生率在上颌第一磨牙为36.18％(男性为40.73％,女性为32.13％),在上颌第二磨牙为1.39％(男性1.82％,女性0.99％);在第上颌一磨牙,其发生率存在性别差异(P＜0.01).双侧共同发生率在第一磨牙为72.97％,第二磨牙为48.57％. 双侧相关系数tau在第一磨牙(0.77)高于第二磨牙(0.65),而同侧第一、二磨牙相关性较小(tau=O.13,P＜O.01).结论:用标准化分级方法对汉族人卡氏尖的表达强度进行评估,具有重要的人类学价值.     

Processing of existing,synonymous, and anomalous German derived adjectives: An MEG study

Neuronal activation as response to reading existing derived German adjectives (e.g., freundlich, friendly) was measured using MEG and compared to that evoked by non-existing, but semantically synonymous adjectives (*freundhaft) and to activation induced by non-existing, semantically and morphologically anomalous adjectives (*freundbar). By applying distributed source modeling we revealed a gradual increase of neuronal activity within areas of the left temporal lobe in the time range of the N400. Activity increased from existing over synonymous to anomalous adjectives. Underscoring the use of neurophysiological measures, these results demonstrate that morpho-semantic analysis take place for non-existing morphologically complex pseudowords even if not warranted by the current task. Furthermore, these data argue in favor of morphological decomposition.     

Zur Klinik der Herzmyxome

Zusammenfassung Anhand des eigenen Krankengutes von 9 Patienten werden Klinik, Diagnostik und Pathologie der Herzmyxome dargestellt. Das klinische Bild wird durch Tumorembolisation, durch hämodynamische Tumorobstruktion und durch Autoimmunreaktion geprägt. Unter den diagnostischen Maßnahmen gebührt heute der Echokardiographie der Vorrang. Angiographische Untersuchungen sind nur bei unklarem oder negativem echokardiographischen Befund notwendig. Nach Diagnosestellung hat die Operation als Notfalleingriff zu erfolgen. Bei dem operativen Eingriff müssen alle Maßnahmen zur Tumorembolisation berücksichtigt werden. Mit guten Langzeitergebnissen ist nur dann zu rechnen, wenn der operative Eingriff vor der Manifestation irreversibler Veränderungen erfolgt. Bei den Myxomen handelt es sich um pathologisch-anatomische echte Herztumoren, die histologisch aus einem myxoiden Stroma und sogenannten Myxomzellen bestehen.

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Clinical findings on heart myxoma

Summary Clinical findings, diagnosis, and pathology of heart myxoma are discussed on the basis of personal experience with nine patients. There was a striking variety of signs and symptoms caused by tumor embolization, hemodynamic obstruction, and autoimmunologic reactions. Echocardiography is the method of choice, although angiography may still be necessary in atypical or negative echocardiographic findings. The tumor should be removed as soon as possible after diagnosis. There is danger of tumor embolization in the course of the operation. Long-term results are good, if resection of the tumors is performed before catastrophic complications occur. Morphologically, myxomas are genuine tumors characterized by myxomatous stromata and cells.

Herrn Prof. Dr. W. Doerr zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet     

Morphological and serum hyaluronic acid, laminin and type Ⅳ collagen changes in dimethylnitrosamine-induced hepatic fibrosis of rats

AIM: To study the morphological and serum hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LN), and type Ⅳ collagen changes in hepatic fibrosis of rats induced by dimethylnitrosamine (DMN). METHODS: The rat model of liver fibrosis was induced by DMN. Serum HA, type Ⅳ collagen, and LN were measured by ELISA. The liver/weight index and morphological changes were examined under electron microscope on d 7, 14, 21, and 28 by immunohistochemical alpha smooth muscle actin α-SMA staining as well as Sirius-red and HE staining. RESULTS: The levels of serum HA, type Ⅳ collagen and LN significantly increased from d 7 to d 28 (P = 0.043). The liver/weight index increased on d 7 and decreased on d 28. In the model group, the rat liver stained with HE and Sirius-red showed evident hemorrhage and necrosis in the central vein of hepatic 10 lobules on d 7. Thin fibrotic septa were formed joining central areas of the liver on d 14. The number of α-SMA positive cells was markedly increased in the model group. Transitional hepatic stellate cells were observed under electron microscope. All rats in the model group showed micronodular fibrosis in the hepatic parenchyma and a network of α-SMA positive cells. Typical myofibroblasts were embedded in the core of a fibrous septum. Compared to the control group, the area-density percentage of collagen fibrosis and pathologic grading were significantly different in the model group (P<0.05) on different d (7, 14, and 28). The area-density percentage of collagen fibrosis in hepatic tissue had a positive correlation with the levels of serum HA, LN, and type Ⅳ collagen. CONCLUSION: The morphological and serum HA, type Ⅳ collagen, and LN are changed in DMN-induced liver fibrosis in rats.     

眶下神经管多层螺旋CT图像重组和测量

目的 利用计算机断层成像(CT)薄层扫描和多平面重组技术显示并测量眶下神经管,对其临床应用价值进行探讨.方法 对105例成年人头部多层螺旋CT薄层扫描图像进行多平面重组以显示眶下神经管;测量眶下神经孔至眶下缘距离、眶下神经至正中平面距离、眶下神经管长度和中段直径;观察眶下神经管的CT表现.结果 眶下神经孔至眼眶下缘垂直距离平均(8.3±2.7)mm;眶下神经管长度和中段平均直径分别为(24.6±3.0)mm、(2.1±1.0)mm;眶下神经孔至正中线距离平均为(27.0±1.7)mm;双侧眶下神经孔基本对称.结论 多层螺旋CT扫描及多平面三维重组技术可多方位显示眶下神经管,并可进行形态学测量,熟悉其正常影像学表现对疾病诊断和术前评价具有意义.     

Morphological and serum hyaluronic acid, laminin and type IV collagen changes in dimethylnitrosamine-induced hepatic fibrosis of rats

AIM: To study the morphological and serum hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LN), and type IV collagen changes in hepatic fibrosis of rats induced by dimethylnitrosamine (DMN). METHODS: The rat model of liver fibrosis was induced by DMN. Serum HA, type IV collagen, and LN were measured by ELISA. The liver/weight index and morphological changes were examined under electron microscope on d 7, 14, 21, and 28 by immunohistochemical alpha smooth muscle actin alpha-SMA staining as well as Sirius-red and HE staining. RESULTS: The levels of serum HA, type IV collagen and LN significantly increased from d 7 to d 28 (P = 0.043). The liver/weight index increased on d 7 and decreased on d 28. In the model group, the rat liver stained with HE and Sirius-red showed evident hemorrhage and necrosis in the central vein of hepatic 10 lobules on d 7. Thin fibrotic septa were formed joining central areas of the liver on d 14. The number of alpha-SMA positive cells was markedly increased in the model group. Transitional hepatic stellate cells were observed under electron microscope. All rats in the model group showed micronodular fibrosis in the hepatic parenchyma and a network of alpha-SMA positive cells. Typical myofibroblasts were embedded in the core of a fibrous septum. Compared to the control group, the area-density percentage of collagen fibrosis and pathologic grading were significantly different in the model group (P<0.05) on different d (7, 14, and 28). The area-density percentage of collagen fibrosis in hepatic tissue had a positive correlation with the levels of serum HA, LN, and type IV collagen. CONCLUSION: The morphological and serum HA, type IV collagen, and LN are changed in DMN-induced liver fibrosis in rats.