Correlation between spatial frequency and orientation selectivity in V1 cortex: Implications of a network model

We addressed how spatial frequency and orientation selectivity coexist and co-vary in Macaque primary visual cortex (V1) by simulating cortical layer 4Cα of V1 with a large-scale network model and then comparing the model’s behavior with a population of cells we recorded in layer 4Cα. We compared the distributions of orientation and spatial frequency selectivity, as well as the correlation between the two, in the model with what we observed in the 4Cα population. We found that (1) in the model, both spatial frequency and orientation selectivity of neuronal firing are greater and more diverse than the LGN inputs to model neurons; (2) orientation and spatial frequency selectivity co-vary in the model in a way very similar to what we observed in layer 4Cα neurons; (3) in the model, orientation and spatial frequency selectivity co-vary because of intra-cortical inhibition. The results suggest that cortical inhibition provides a common mechanism for selectivity in multiple dimensions.     

Internal connectivity is pervasive among primary and secondary anti-hen egg white lysozyme (HEL) IgG monoclonal antibodies

Twenty-one primary and 18 secondary monoclonal antibodies (mAb)with specificity for hen egg white lysozyme (HEL) were testedin pair-wise combinations for connectivity, that is, reactivitywith each other in the absence of HEL, by an ELISA assay. AllmAb reacted with at least one other, and a large proportionof the mAb, 7 of 16 primary and 11 of 18 secondary mAb, werereactive with 5 or more of the other mAb. Moreover, each gavea unique pattern of reactivity. Reactivity between mAb derivedfrom primary and secondary hybridomas was also extensive. Some‘highly connective’ mAb reacted with almost everyother mAb tested. Two ‘mini-networks’ in the primaryand secondary mAb, respectively, were identified through anELISA binding assay and an inhibition study. Within these mini-networks(nets), members that bear IdC1 do not react with each otherbut bind to other members bearing IdC2. This type of interaction,as well as that between different nets defines a complicatednetwork. No obvious correlation with fine specificity, presenceof IdXE (a regulatory idiotype in the primary anti-HEL response),nor variable gene coding was apparent. Exact repeats of sequencewere found for two pairs of mAb from independently selectedhybridomas, i.e. in each case a primary and secondary hybridoma,indicating that high connectivity is associated with strongselection during B cell maturation following antigen stimulation.     

基于感知器的临床疾病诊断模型

目的:建立临床诊断的数学模型。方法:构建感知器神经网络,以癌症诊断为例,对50例非癌症患者和100例癌症患者的腺苷三磷酸酶(ATP酶)和琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH酶)活性2项指标分组进行训练和仿真诊断。结果:2个检测样本的诊断正确率分别为96%和97.33%。结论:可以用感知器神经网络建立临床的疾病诊断系统。     

Comparison of Blood Pressure Measured by Oscillometry from the Supraorbital Artery and Invasively from the Radial Artery

In previous studies, oscillometric blood pressure measured from the supraorbital artery has been shown to agree quite well with pressure measured from the brachial artery in normal subjects. In this study, surgical patients whose conditions warranted the use of invasive blood pressure monitoring during the surgery were chosen. We compared systolic and diastolic blood pressure measured oscillometrically from the supraorbital artery with intraarterial blood pressures, measured invasively from the radial artery. A pressure bladder was attached to the forehead of each patient. The bladder was connected to a forehead blood pressure monitor. A catheter was inserted in a radial artery, and connected to a pressure monitor. Forehead blood pressure was measured every 5 min. Radial arterial pressure was averaged over the same period during which the forehead measurement was made. Blood pressures measured with the two methods were compared. For the systolic pressure, the difference between the two methods was –9.9 ± 17.9 mm Hg (mean ± SD). For diastolic pressure, the difference was –8.0 ± 10.9 mm Hg. There was a significant difference between the two methods in the patient population chosen in this study.     

建立监护协作网络系统 提高重症护理水平

1997年初我院建立了重症监护技术协作网络系统，其工作内容是主线帮带分线，以点带面，以局部促整体，充分发挥网络的技术培训和协作攻关的作用。通过组织全院性的学术活动，组织重症监护教学查房和科室间的护理会诊、协调组织专科特护小组，有目的地实施定点、定向轮转培训等多种形式，使护理人员的监护水平有了很大的提高．专科重症护理疑难问题及时得到解决，抢救成功率逐年上升，由1996年的82．7％增至85．7％，专科技术建设得到迅速发展。     

Women's perception of changes in the social network after a spinal cord injury

Purpose. To describe how women with a spinal cord injury (SCI) perceived changes in the social network, and how these changes affected their ability to participate in occupation.

Method. Thirteen women, aged 25 to 61 years, with a SCI were interviewed twice. The interviews focused on their ability to participate in occupation, their relations with individuals within the social network, and changes in the social network following the SCI. The analysis was carried out using qualitative content analysis.

Results. The women described an emotional need for social support after the SCI to participate in occupation. This was a new experience that required time to adapt to. The women also described a need for practical social support from the social network members to manage meaningful occupation. After the SCI, the women had developed new habits through close cooperation with members in the social network. The women felt that they had become more responsible for the development of their relations. Many relations had improved after the SCI, while some had decreased. The women had also developed new relations with other persons with disabilities.

Conclusions. The women perceived substantial changes in the social network following the SCI, which in several ways affected their ability to participate in occupation. To adapt to their new life situation, the women gradually developed different strategies. The results point out the need to identify persons in the social network that women with SCI develop relations with, and integrate them in the rehabilitation process.     

Basic strategies of the immune system in the regulation of antibody response

Summary Three major regulatory mechanisms operating in the control of antibody response have been examined: 1. antibody feedback; 2. T cell regulation (I. regulatory interactions among T cell subsets, II. H-2 linked Ir gene control of T cell function, III. regulatory role of antigenic epitopes in T cell subsets induction); 3. idiotypic network. Analysis of the results obtained in the lysozyme system together with available data in the literature have permitted the delineation of a model of antigen-triggered events involved in the regulation of antibody response. The basic feature of the proposed model is the integration of two major specific communication systems among lymphocytes engaged in the antibody response: antigen bridge and idiotypic complementarity.     

腹部易筋九宫推拿理论基础及其临床应用

目的探讨腹部易筋九宫推拿防治疾病的理论基础,为通过腹部易筋九宫推拿防治疾病提供理论支持。方法通过九宫力网理论分析人体核心结构,阐述腹部易筋九宫推拿防治机制,并通过临床案例来验证防治效果。结果临床案例经以腹部九宫力网理论为指导的易筋九宫推拿治疗后均取得满意临床效果。结论核心结构力网失衡是导致疾病发生的主要原因,经腹部易筋九宫推拿可矫正力网失衡状态,从而为腹部易筋九宫推拿防治颈肩腰腿痛提供理论支持。     

吉林省长春市朝阳区结核病人发现模式初探

目的抓住提高就诊率、确诊率和网络直报追踪到位率三个环节,提高肺结核病人发现率。方法通过全面推行结核病控制策略(DOTS),充分发挥结防所作用,与综合性医院配合协作,政府职能部门督导,三位一体,各尽其责,做好病人发现工作。结果朝阳区自项目实施以来,发现新发涂阳登记率2002年20.48/10万、2003年24.75/10万、2004年42.65/10万。2004年实施朝阳区结核病人发现模式研究项目以来,新发现涂阳274例,项目任务数254例,完成率107.87%。结论加强结防所、综合性医院、卫生行政部门三位一体协作,采取综合性措施后,切实有效地提高了病人的发现率,因此,充分发挥各自职能,共享医院资源,有效提高就诊率,提高确诊率和网络直报追踪到位率是做好结核病控制工作最为有效途径。     

青少年肌阵挛癫痫患者的大尺度脑网络研究

采用静息态功能性磁共振成像(rs-fMRI)数据探究青少年肌阵挛癫痫(JME)患者大尺度脑网络的变化。采集17例JME患者和15名正常志愿者的脑部静息态功能磁共振成像数据,两组均使用偏相关系数构建静息态脑网络。分别计算JME患者组与正常对照组的阈值,构建二值化脑网络。计算两组被试各个脑区的介数值,采用双样本t检验对比两组脑网络介数值的差异(Bonferroni 校正,P<0.01),找出介数值发生显著变化脑区。结果表明,偏相关系数构造的脑网络具有小世界属性。JME患者组脑网络中脑区的介数值相比正常对照组有显著性差异。与正常对照组相比,JME患者组介数值显著降低的脑区有2个,介数值显著升高的脑区有17个。其中属于默认模式网络(DMN)的脑区有8个,属于突显网络(SN)的脑区有5个。JME患者组介数值显著降低的脑区有右侧中央旁小叶和右侧后扣带回,介数值显著增高脑区主要是右侧背外侧额上回、左侧枕中回、右侧楔前叶和右侧舌回等。JME患者介数值发生显著改变的脑区主要属于默认模式网络和突显网络。可以推断出默认模式网络和突显网络内部脑区间连接发生改变,信息传递产生变化。由此可能会导致JME患者大脑功能发生改变,造成患者的认知能力与执行能力等功能受损。