Role of the subgroups of T,B, natural killer lymphocyte and serum levels of interleukin‐15, interleukin‐21 and immunoglobulin E in the pathogenesis of urticaria

The immunological characterization in the pathogenesis of urticaria, mainly regarding cytokine profile, needs more investigation. In this study, subgroups of the T, B and natural killer (NK) lymphocyte from peripheral blood and serum levels of interleukin (IL)‐15, IL‐21 and immunoglobulin (Ig)E were examined in patients with acute urticaria (AU) and chronic urticaria (CU). Moreover, symptom scores and course of the patients were assessed. The percentage of NK cells and the ratio of CD4⁺/CD8⁺ increased, however, CD8⁺ decreased in CU compared to controls (P < 0.01). But no significant changes of T, B and NK lymphocyte were found in AU. IL‐15 and IL‐21 significantly decreased in AU and CU, but IgE increased. CU with a positive autologous serum skin test were more likely to be associated with longer course and higher CD3⁺, B cells and IL‐21, and lower IgE (P < 0.01). Weak negative correlations were demonstrated between CD3⁺, CD8⁺ and scores in CU (r = ?0.23, ?0.25, P < 0.05). Significant correlations were found between B cells and scores and course in CU (r = 0.49, 0.65, P < 0.01). Moreover, a significant correlation was found between IL‐21 and IgE (r = 0.42, P < 0.01) in CU. But no significant correlations were found in AU. Our findings supported the concept that both humoral immunity and cellular immunity dysregulation in the pathogenesis of urticaria – mainly related to the decrease of the serum levels of IL‐15 and IL‐21 – may induce the increasing expression of IgE produced by B cells.     

p21和PCNA在大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤中的表达及氟伐他汀对其表达的调节

目的 探讨大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤(renal ischaemia reperfusion injury,IRI)中细胞周期抑制蛋白p21和增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)在肾小管上皮细胞中表达的动态变化及氟伐他汀(Fluvastatin)对p21和PCNA表达的影响.方法 将90只大鼠随机分为3组:假手术组(sham组),IRI组,Fluvastatin 治疗组(Flu组),每组30只.术前3 d给予Fluvastatin(2 mg/kg)灌胃.用微血管夹夹闭双侧肾血管,一小时后松开,造成缺血再灌注肾病模型,术后0、24、48、72 h、5 d和7 d处死大鼠,取肾脏做组织学检查,检测p21和PCNA在肾组织内表达的部位、程度.结果 (1)大鼠肾脏缺血再灌注后Flu组各时间点的血清尿素氮、肌酐水平均低于IRI组(P＜0.05).组织学检查Flu组有所减轻.(2)PCNA在IRI组72 h表达最强,此后逐渐下降,7 d最低;Flu组PCNA表达在24、48 h少于IRI组(P＜0.05),72 h、5 d、7 d PCNA的表达与IRI组比较无统计学意义.(3)p21在Sham组低表达;IRI组24 h表达开始升高,72 h开始下降(P＜0.05).Flu组24 h、48 h表达比IRI组更为显著(P＜0.05).结论 p21和PCNA两者的动态平衡与肾小管上皮细胞DNA的复制和修复密切相关.氟伐他汀可以进一步增强p21的表达,并使PCNA的表达受到抑制,从而发挥肾保护作用.     

p21蛋白在食道癌及食道良性增生性病变中的表达

目的 :探讨 ras- p2 1蛋白在食道癌及食道良性增生性病变中的表达。方法 :对 75例食道癌标本和 12例食道良性增生性病变标本的石蜡块进行连续切片 ,作常规 HE染色和免疫组化 ,用 S— P法检测 p2 1蛋白的表达水平。结果 :p2 1蛋白的表达水平与食道癌的分化程度密切相关 ,p2 1在高分化组、中分化组与低分化组的表达阳性率分别为80 .85 %、85 %和 10 0 %,结果表明肿瘤分化程度越低 ,p2 1蛋白表达的阳性率越高 ;ras- p2 1在正常组织中无表达 ,在良性增生性病变中阳性率为 33.33%,在食道癌组织中阳性率为 85 %,由此表明 p2 1蛋白的表达水平反映食道病变的严重程度。结论 :通过检测 ras- p2 1蛋白的表达水平 ,不仅可以了解食道癌组织的分化程度 ,指导临床治疗和判断预后 ,而且 p2 1蛋白可以作为一种可靠的标记物 ,对食道癌的早期诊断具有重要价值。     

比较研究TPS、CEA、CYFRA21-1和STNFR四种肿瘤活性标志物在肺癌中的诊断价值

背景与目的近年来,肿瘤标志物的研究不断取得新的进展。其中,组织多肽特异性抗原(TPS)、细胞角蛋白19片段(CYFRA21-1)和可溶性肿瘤坏死因子受体(STNFR)是近几年逐步应用于临床的新的肿瘤标志物。本研究旨在比较四种肿瘤标志物TPS、癌胚抗原(CEA)、CYFRA21-1和STNFR对肺癌的临床诊断价值。方法用ELISA法对72例肺癌患者的血清TPS、CEA、CYFRA21-1和STNFR水平进行检测,并与54例肺部良性疾病患者及32例正常健康人比较。结果四种肿瘤标志物在肺癌组的水平均明显高于良性疾病组(P<0.005)和正常对照组(P<0.001)。在对肺癌的诊断中,相对而言,STNFR的敏感性(81.9%)最高,CYFRA21-1的特异性(91.5%)最高,TPS的诊断符合率(83.5%)最高。结论TPS、CYFRA21-1和STNFR均是用于肺癌诊断的较好的肿瘤标志物,优于传统标志物CEA,其中又以CYFRA21-1的综合临床应用价值最好。     

Caveolins in the development and diseases of musculoskeletal system

Caveolins, essential scaffold proteins of caveolae, have emerged as versatile molecules that can influence numerous signaling pathways and disease processes. This brief review is focused on the role of caveolins in the physiology and pathology of musculoskeletal system and will discuss the key features of caveolins as related to differentiation and diseases of bone and muscle cells.     

The role of altered sodium currents in action potential abnormalities of cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons from trisomy 21 (down syndrome) human fetuses

Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) results in abnormalities in electrical membrane properties of cultured human fetal dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Action potentials have faster rates of depolarization and repolarization, with decreased spike duration, compared to diploid neurons. In order to analyze the faster depolarization rate observed in trisomic neurons, we examined sodium currents of cultured human fetal DRG neurons from trisomy 21 and control subjects, using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. The neurons were replated in culture to reduce dendritic spines. Two components of the sodium current were identified: (1) a fast, tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive current; and (2) a slow, TTX-resistant component. The inactivation curves of both current types in trisomic neurons showed a shift of approximately 10 mV towards more depolarized potentials compared to control neurons. Thus, whereas essetially all of the fast sodium channels were inactivated at normal resting potentials in control neurons, approximately 10% of these channels were available for activation in trisomy 21 cells. Furthermore, the fast current showed accelerated activation kinetics in trisomic neurons. The slow sodium current of trisomic neurons showed slower deactivation kinetics than control cells. No differences were observed between trisomic and control neurons in the maximal conductance or current densities of either fast or slow current components. These data indicate that the greater rate of depolarization in trisomy 21 neurons at resting potentials is primarily due to activation of residual fast sodium channels that also have a faster time course of activation.     

细胞角蛋白19片段（CYFRA21-1）检测对肺癌临床诊断价值的研究

[目的 ]探讨细胞角蛋白 19片段 (CYFRA2 1- 1)检测在肺癌临床诊断中的价值。 [方法 ]采用免疫放射分析法对 70例肺癌患者进行CYFRA2 1- 1含量测定 ,并与 4 0例胸部良性疾病 (BLD)患者 ,4 0例健康人血例健康人进行比较。 [结果 ]肺癌患者血清CYFRA2 1- 1含量为 (4 .6 4± 3.6 8)ng/mL ,胸部良性疾病患者为 (2 .19± 0 .80 )ng/mL(P <0 .0 1) ,健康人为 (1.71± 0 .74 )ng/mL(P<0 .0 1) ,肺癌患者血清CYFRA2 1- 1水平显著高于健康人 ,并且就CYFRA2 1- 1而言 ,NSCLC患者CYFRA2 1- 1水平显著高于小细胞癌 (SCLC)患者 (5 .19± 3.90 )ng/mL和 (3.0 7± 2 .4 2 )ng/mL (P <0 .0 1)。 [结论 ]免疫放射分析法检测血清CYFRA2 1- 1的水平对于提高肺癌检出率及其临床分型的鉴别诊断是非常有意义的     

Effect and Comparison of Sodium Butyrate and Trichostatin A on the Proliferation/Differentiation of K562

Thereisampleevidence ,bothinvitroandinvivo,thatHDACinhibitorsblocktheenzymaticac tivityofdeacetylasesandinducehyperacetylationofhistones[1] Furthermore ,aplethoraofculturedtu morcellshasbeentestedforsusceptibilitytoHDACinhibition UpontreatmentwithHDACinhibitors ,thesecellsshowsignsofapoptosis ,growtharrest,differentiationandaltered geneexpression HDACinhibitorsare potentially promisingcandidatedrugsfordifferentiationtherapyofcancer ButyratewasthefirstHDACinhibitortobei dentified[2 ] a…