Protein binding of salicylate in cutaneous hepatic porphyria

Summary (1) Plasma protein binding of salicylate was studied in 14 patients with cutaneous hepatic porphyria (CHP) and 11 normal subjects using ultrafiltration with centrifugation (membrane cones) and continuous ultrafiltration. (2) Albumin and haemoglobin levels were significantly reduced in patients with CHP, and salicylate binding by ultrafiltration/centrifugation was 65% compared with 84% in normal subjects. (3) Plasma porphyrin levels were raised, but did not correlate with salicylate binding, and protoporphyrin or uroporphyrin added to plasma did not alter the amount of drug bound. (4) Palmitate added to plasma reduced salicylate binding by 9 to 20% but a crossover of patient and normal plasma proteins and ultrafiltrates confirmed that no other ultrafiltrable metabolites present in patient plasma appeared to cause decreased binding. (5) Scatchard plots obtained by continuous ultrafiltration for normal and patient plasma showed a reduction in the number of primary and secondary binding sites and an increase in the intrinsic association constants for both these sites. (6) It was concluded that the decreased salicylate binding in CHP was due to a reduced albumin concentration and altered salicylate albumin interaction.     

皮肤硅石肉芽肿

患者男,42岁。因面部及颈部红斑、结节伴破溃3年就诊。患者20年前因爆破石头而伤及面部,不久面部伤口完全愈合。3年前在原外伤部位出现红斑、结节,伴有破溃,自觉症状不明显。组织病理学检查发现上皮样肉芽肿形成,偏振光显微镜下见灰色结晶颗粒,经X线衍射光谱分析法证实组织内硅含量升高,X线衍射分析证实其为二氧化硅。     

皮肤结核一例

患者,女,64岁.颈部斑块结节8年,逐渐增大.患者8年前患乳腺癌,手术切除治疗.曾诊断为毛囊炎、孢子丝菌病、乳腺癌皮肤转移等,给予相应治疗未愈.组织病理学检查:真皮内结核性肉芽肿,结节中央可见干酪样坏死,抗酸染色阳性,PAS染色阴性,真菌培养阴性,PPD(+++).抗结核治疗后皮疹明显消退.     

对苯二胺氧化产物对小鼠经皮肤染毒的亚慢性毒性

[目的 ]研究氧化型染发剂主要成分对苯二胺 (PPD)氧化产物经皮吸收后对小鼠的亚慢性毒作用。 [方法 ]对苯二胺经双氧水氧化后的氧化产物为受试物 ,每隔 3d在小鼠背部皮肤染毒 1次 ,周期 1个月。整个过程中观察小鼠的一般生长情况 ,并于染毒 1个月后观察受试动物血生化指标、血常规、肝肾脾组织病理学改变和遗传毒性。 [结果 ]PPD氧化产物可影响小鼠的肝肾功能 ,随着PPD染毒剂量增加 ,ALT和BUN值逐渐增高 ,与对照组比较差异有显著性 (P<0 0 5或P <0 0 1)。PPD具有遗传毒性 ,能造成骨髓细胞染色体和DNA的损伤 ,并在受试剂量范围内存在剂量 效应关系。 [结论 ]频繁使用氧化型染发剂可能对机体具有潜在的危害     

Dietary Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Induces Satiation by Enhancing the Postprandial Activation of Vagal Afferent Nerves

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is present in the mammalian brain as the main inhibitory neurotransmitter and in foods. It is widely used as a supplement that regulates brain function through stress-reducing and sleep-enhancing effects. However, its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood, as it is reportedly unable to cross the blood–brain barrier. Here, we explored whether a single peroral administration of GABA affects feeding behavior as an evaluation of brain function and the involvement of vagal afferent nerves. Peroral GABA at 20 and 200 mg/kg immediately before refeeding suppressed short-term food intake without aversive behaviors in mice. However, GABA administration 30 min before refeeding demonstrated no effects. A rise in circulating GABA concentrations by the peroral administration of 200 mg/kg GABA was similar to that by the intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg GABA, which did not alter feeding. The feeding suppression by peroral GABA was blunted by the denervation of vagal afferents. Unexpectedly, peroral GABA alone did not alter vagal afferent activities histologically. The coadministration of a liquid diet and GABA potentiated the postprandial activation of vagal afferents, thereby enhancing postprandial satiation. In conclusion, dietary GABA activates vagal afferents in collaboration with meals or meal-evoked factors and regulates brain function including feeding behavior.     

高速三角破片致猪坐骨神经损伤的特点

目的 探讨高速三角破片致猪坐骨神经损伤的伤情特点. 方法 长白猪14只,体重(34.3±5.2)kg.采用随机数字表法分为A、B两组各7只,用初速为(773.1±12.4)m/s的0.37 g三角破片致伤,分别瞄准猪右后肢外侧坐骨神经体表投影线中点和旁开2 cm射击.观察伤道入口和出口大小、长度,神经与伤道位置关系,伤后48 h观察神经大体及光电镜改变. 结果 破片在伤道内存在不同程度的偏离原射入方向.A、B组分别有5只和1只坐骨神经位于原发伤道内,其中4例出现不间程度断裂;光镜下见神经严重出血水肿、炎细胞浸润,大量神经纤维、轴索断裂,髓鞘着色浅;电镜下见髓鞘严重溃变、轴索变形.A、B组分别有1只和5只位于震荡区内,距原发伤道(2.07±0.45)cm,光镜见神经轻度出血、充血,部分神经纤维、轴索断裂;电镜下可见髓鞘部分分层.A、B组各有1只位于挫伤区内,神经受损程度介于二者之间. 结论 高速三角破片在组织内走行不稳定;其原发伤道内的猪坐骨神经断裂发牛率高,损伤严重,范围广,华勒变性早;位于原发伤道旁的神经亦发生形态学改变,其损害程度与神经和原发伤道距离有关.     

自体髂嵴骨骺游离移植重建内踝缺损初步报告

目的介绍儿童创伤性内踝缺损的重建方法。方法采用分期重建方法,第一期采用软组织扩张术修复内踝软组织缺损,第二期采用自体髂嵴骨骺游离移植重建胫骨远端内侧骺板缺损。结果随访2年,患儿踝关节外形正常,稳定性良好。结论采用软组织扩张术和自体髂嵴骨骺游离移植方法修复儿童内踝缺损,可使踝关节保持良好的稳定性能。     

各向同性的3D T2 SPAIR SPACE序列在正常人肘部神经显像的应用

目的:观察磁共振3D T2 SPAIR (spectral adiabatic inversion recovery) SPACE序列在正常人肘部神经的显示情况,并观察其在不同人群中的显示差异?方法:在3.0 T MR下对64例正常人的2D FS-T2WI序列及3D T2 SPAIR SPACE序列平扫?对每个志愿者的3D T2 SPAIR SPACE序列的原始数据进行尺神经?正中神经及桡神经的曲面重建及最大密度投影重建,分别重建出矢状位及冠状位图像?分别统计3根神经的两种重建方法在上臂?肘关节及前臂的显示率?统计3根神经在2D FS-T2WI序列及3D T2 SPAIR SPACE序列上相对周围肌肉信号增高的比率? 结果:64例志愿者的尺神经?正中神经及桡神经在曲面重建上可以全部清晰显示?尺神经在上臂?肘关节及前臂的最大密度投影图像上的显示率分别为92%?83%?98%,正中神经在上臂?肘关节及前臂的最大密度投影图像上的显示率分别为81%?89%?80%,桡神经在上臂?肘关节的最大密度投影图像上的显示率分别为94%?95%?尺神经信号增高在2D FS-T2WI序列上为55%,而在3D T2 SPAIR SPACE序列上仅仅为30%?结论:3D T2 SPAIR SPACE序列对正常人的肘部神经显示效果好,对正常人尺神经信号增高显示更可靠?