Mechanical pulmonic valve thrombosis: expanding role of cardiac CT and multimodality imaging

We report a case of a 44-year-old man with a clinical history of Tetralogy of Fallot status post staged surgical correction with mechanical pulmonic valve replacement who presented with progressive exertional dyspnea in the setting of non-compliance with anticoagulation. In the context of this suggestive clinical presentation, the diagnosis of mechanical pulmonic valve thrombosis (MPVT) was made possible via multimodality imaging, including transthoracic echocardiogram and cardiac computed tomography angiography. Due to the uncommon nature of the condition, the patient was treated with systemic thrombolysis and anticoagulation using evidence-based guidelines, largely extrapolated from left-sided mechanical valve thrombosis. Our case underscores the importance of anticoagulation in MPVT and recognizing the features of MPVT on clinical history, physical examination, and multimodality imaging. It is essential to understand the pivotal role of multimodality imaging in the assessment of MPVT and realize the limitations of available data regarding the management of MPVT in the current era.     

羧甲基-β-环糊精为手性选择剂拆分托吡卡胺等4种手性药物对映体

目的以羧甲基-β-环糊精(CM-β-CD)为手性选择剂,建立毛细管区带电泳法分离托吡卡胺、文拉法辛、美托洛尔和瑞格列奈4种药物对映体。方法采用未涂壁熔融石英毛细管柱,磷酸盐缓冲液作为背景电解质溶液,分离电压为20 kV。考察了缓冲溶液的pH值、环糊精质量浓度、缓冲盐浓度对对映体分离的影响。结果在优化的分离条件下,4种手性药物均能达到完全分离。结论CM-β-CD适用于上述4种药物的对映体分离。     

人工流产与早产关系的妇产科学前瞻性研究

目的研究妇女人工流产次数对再孕后发生早产几概率的关系。方法对我院2010年1月至2012年12月分娩的产妇其早产儿的发生率与其既往人工流产史的关系进行了回顾性分析研究。采用卡方检验进行统计学分析。结果有3次或3次以上人工流产的产妇组与无人工流产史的产妇组其再孕后早产儿发生率χ2=7．3279,P=0．01-0．005呈显著性差异,而有1次或2次人工流产史组的产妇与无人工流产史的产妇再孕后发生早产几的概率χ2=1．41844,P=0．25-0．01．χ2=0.9148,P=0．5—0．25无明显差异。结论有1次或2次人工流产史对再孕后发生早产儿的概率虽无显明影响但人工流产次数过多可引起早产儿发生概率明显增加。     

Template-Mediated Synthesis of Hierarchically Porous Metal–Organic Frameworks for Efficient CO2/N2 Separation

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is generally unavoidable during the production of fuel gases such as hydrogen (H₂) from steam reformation and syngas composed of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H₂). Efficient separation of CO₂ from these gases is highly important to improve the energetic utilization efficiency and prevent poisoning during specific applications. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), featuring ordered porous frameworks, high surface areas and tunable pore structures, are emerging porous materials utilized as solid adsorbents for efficient CO₂ capture and separation. Furthermore, the construction of hierarchical MOFs with micropores and mesopores could further promote the dynamic separation processes, accelerating the diffusion of gas flow and exposing more adsorptive pore surface. Herein, we report a simple, efficient, one-pot template-mediated strategy to fabricate a hierarchically porous CuBTC (CuBTC-Water, BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate) for CO₂ separation, which demonstrates abundant mesopores and the superb dynamic separation ability of CO₂/N₂. Therefore, CuBTC-Water demonstrated a CO₂ uptake of 180.529 cm³ g⁻¹ at 273 K and 1 bar, and 94.147 cm³ g⁻¹ at 298 K and 1 bar, with selectivity for CO₂/N₂ mixtures as high as 56.547 at 273 K, much higher than microporous CuBTC. This work opens up a novel avenue to facilely fabricate hierarchically porous MOFs through one-pot synthesis for efficient dynamic CO₂ separation.     

食管癌、贲门癌切除术后食管胃器械吻合术213例临床观察

目的：探讨器械吻合器在治疗食管癌、贲门癌中的临床价值。方法：通过回顾分析，将213例食管癌、贲门癌切除术行器械吻合器吻合作为观察组，将同期208例食管癌、贲门癌切除术行传统手工吻合作为对照组，并将两组进行比较分析，观察两组术后吻合口瘘、吻合口狭窄及吻合口出血的发生率。结果：观察组中无吻合口瘘发生，发生率0．00％，对照组中有8例并发吻合口瘘，发生率3．85％，两组比较有统计学差异（P＜0．05）；观察组中仅有1例并发吻合口狭窄，发生率0．47％，对照组中有11例并发吻合口狭窄，发生率5．29％，两组比较有统计学差异（P＜0．01）；观察组中有1例并发吻合口出血，发生率0．47％，对照组2例吻合口出血，发生率0．96％，两组比较无统计学差异（P＞0．05）。结论：食管癌、贲门癌切除术应用器械吻合器进行食管胃听合术后吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄的发生率低，吻合效果满意，临床应用价值乐观。     

Contemporary outcomes of cardiac surgery patients supported by the intra-aortic balloon pump

Open in a separate window OBJECTIVESAlthough the intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) has been the most widely adopted temporary mechanical support device in cardiac surgical patients, its use has declined. The current study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and predictors of early mortality and complication rates in contemporary cardiac surgery patients supported by an IABP.METHODSA multicentre, retrospective analysis was performed of all consecutive cardiac surgical patients receiving perioperative balloon pump support in 8 centres between January 2010 to December 2019. The primary outcome was early mortality, and secondary outcomes were balloon-associated complications. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was applied to evaluate predictors of the primary outcome.RESULTSThe study cohort consisted of 2615 consecutive patients. The median age was 68 years [25th percentile 61, 75th percentile 75 years], with the majority being male (76.9%), and a mean calculated 30-day mortality risk of 10.0%. Early mortality was 12.7% (n = 333), due to cardiac causes (n = 266), neurological causes (=22), balloon-related causes (n = 5) and other causes (n = 40). A composite end point of all vascular complications occurred in 7.2% of patients, and leg ischaemia was observed in 1.3% of patients. The most important predictors of early mortality were peripheral vascular disease [odds ratio (OR) 1.63], postoperative dialysis requirement (OR 10.40) and vascular complications (OR 2.57).CONCLUSIONSThe use of the perioperative IABP proved to be safe and demonstrated relatively low complication rates, particularly for leg ischaemia. As such, we believe that specialists should not be held back to use this widely available treatment in high-risk cardiac surgical patients when indicated.     

机械通气对ICU肺动脉高压伴呼吸衰竭患者血浆脑钠肽水平的影响

目的 :探讨机械通气对ICU肺动脉高压伴呼吸衰竭患者血浆脑钠肽(BNP)水平的影响。方法 :挑选82名需要进行机械通气的肺动脉高压伴呼吸衰竭患者,随机分成两组,每组41名成员。无创组在常规治疗的基础上提供面罩呼吸机辅助呼吸,有创组在常规治疗的基础上提供气管切开或气管插管呼吸机辅助呼吸。分别统计治疗前及治疗24h后两组患者血气分析结果、血浆BNP含量及肺动脉压的变化。结果 :治疗24h后两组患者动脉血气分析指标均较治疗前有显著改善,此外有创机械通气组较无创机械通气组动脉血气分析指标略低,同时两者血浆BNP含量及肺动脉压力均明显降低,有创机械通气组患者较无创机械通气组患者下降明显。结论 :有创机械通气治疗ICU肺动脉高压伴呼吸衰竭患者较无创机械通气治疗效果显著。机械通气可以降低BNP浓度,其浓度变化有创机械通气效果优于无创机械通气。     

机械性肠梗阻多层螺旋CT诊断及其临床意义

目的探讨多层螺旋CT（MSCT）对机械性肠梗阻的诊断价值及其临床意义。方法回顾分析2008年6月～2011年2月我院经手术及病理检查证实为机械性肠梗阻58例患者的MSCT扫描结果。结果MSCT初诊与手术病理或全愈随访复查相符54例,敏感性94．3％,特异性91．3％,准确率93．1％。引起梗阻的主要病因有肠粘连、肠肿瘤、肠扭转、肠套叠、结石及粪石等。不同原因引起机械性肠梗阻的MSCT影像表现各具特征。结论MSCT对机械性肠梗阻诊断及鉴别诊断具有重要的临床意义。     

手术前机械通气治疗婴儿重度肺动脉高压

目的探讨婴儿重度肺动脉高压术前机械通气支持治疗的可行性。方法2006年1月至2010年1月,我院对32例重度肺动脉高压患儿术前采取机械通气支持治疗24—72h,其中男18例,女14例;平均月龄（26±3）个月,平均体重（6．8±2．5）kg。结果应用呼吸机支持24h后,血流动力学改善,心率下降,平均动脉压上升,中心静脉压下降;动脉氧分压、动脉氧饱和度明显升高,乳酸及动脉二氧化碳分压明显下降,与机械通气前比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。术后1例死于多脏器功能衰竭。其余随访6个月～3年,均生存良好。结论术前机械通气支持治疗对提高婴儿重度肺动脉高压术后生存率、减少并发症有重要意义。