Heel bone strength is related to lifestyle factors in Okinawan men with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Aims/Introduction

Although male diabetic patients have an increased risk of fracture, there is little information about this in the literature. The association between heel bone stiffness and the lifestyle of male patients with diabetes was evaluated.

Materials and Methods

The study included 108 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 168 age-adjusted, healthy male volunteers. None of the participants had a history of osteoporosis or other severe diseases. Heel bone stiffness was examined by quantitative ultrasound, and each participant completed a health interview survey questionnaire. Bone stiffness was taken as an indicator of bone strength. Stepwise regression analysis was used to investigate associations between bone stiffness and lifestyle-related factors, such as sunlight exposure, intake of milk or small fish, regular exercise, cigarette smoking, consumption of alcohol, and number of remaining teeth.

Results

Bone stiffness showed a significant negative association with cigarette smoking [standardized coefficient (SC) = −0.297, F-value (F) = 10.059] and age (SC = −0.207, F = 7.565) in diabetic patients. Bone stiffness showed a significant negative association with age (SC = −0.371, F = 12.076) and height (SC = −0.193, F = 7.898), as well as a significant positive association with sunlight exposure (SC = 0.182, F = 9.589) and intake of small fish (SC = 0.170, F = 7.393) in controls.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that cigarette smoking and age are negatively associated with bone stiffness in Okinawan male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.     

城乡男大学生体质健康状况对比研究

目的了解城乡男大学生体质健康方面存在的差异,为高校体育教学提供参考.方法选取江苏和云南城乡男大学生1 600名,分析他们的《国家学生体质健康标准》测试数据.结果农村、城市男大学生营养不良率分别为15%和7.3%,2组学生肺活量指数、台阶试验、握力指数、立定跳远和1 000 m差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),农村男大学生优于城市男大学生,城乡男大学生的台阶试验和1 000 m得分都较低.结论耐力素质仍然是阻碍男大学生身体素质提高的瓶颈,建议在教学中要以提高学生身体素质为目标,加强耐力素质训练.     

The effect of adjuvant vitamin C after varicocele surgery on sperm quality and quantity in infertile men: a double blind placebo controlled clinical trial

Varicocele is one of the most common causes of male infertility and spontaneous pregnancy rate after varicocelectomy is only about 30%. The most important seminal antioxidant is vitamin C but recent studies about the effects of vitamin C on spermatogenesis are controversial; therefore, we decided to evaluate its role after varicocelectomy. In a double blind randomized controlled clinical trial, 115 men with infertility and clinical varicocele with abnormal semen analyses were recruited. After surgery, the intervention group received vitamin C (250 mg bid) and the control group received placebo for three months. Mean sperm count, motility, and morphology index of two semen analyses (before and after surgery) were compared between the two groups. Univariate general linear model and stepwise linear regression were used in analysis. The mean age (±SD) of participants was 27.6±5.3 years. Vitamin C group had statistically significant better normal motility (20.8 vs. 12.6, P=0.041) and morphology (23.2 vs. 10.5, P<0.001) than placebo group. Considering the values prior to surgery as covariate, vitamin C was not effective on sperm count (P=0.091); but it improved sperm motility (P=0.016) and morphology (P<0.001) even after excluding the confounding effect of age (P=0.044 and P=0.001, respectively). Vitamin C was also an independent factor in predicting motility and normal morphology after surgery. Ascorbic acid can play a role as adjuvant treatment after varicocelectomy in infertile men.     

新型抗癫痫药物对新诊断青年男性癫痫患者性激素及性功能的影响研究

背景癫痫患者需长期或大剂量服用抗癫痫药物(AEDs)来控制病情,既往临床多关注AEDs所致的肝肾功能损伤,忽视了其对生殖功能的影响。目前关于AEDs对癫痫患者生殖功能的影响尚存在争议。目的比较奥卡西平、拉莫三嗪、左乙拉西坦、托吡酯对新诊断青年男性癫痫患者性激素及性功能的影响。方法回顾性选取2016—2019年钦州市第二人民医院神经内科收治的新诊断青年男性癫痫患者200例,基于其癫痫发作类型随机给予新型AEDs治疗,将其中服用奥卡西平者分为A组,服用拉莫三嗪者分为B组,服用左乙拉西坦者分为C组,服用托吡酯者分为D组,各50例。比较四组患者治疗前及治疗后6、12个月催乳素(PRL)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)、睾酮(T)、雌二醇(E2)水平、国际勃起功能指数5(IIEF-5)评分、早泄诊断工具(PEDT)评分。结果最终A组纳入42例,B组纳入43例,C组纳入46例,D组纳入40例。时间与治疗方法在LH水平上存在交互作用(P <0.05),在PRL、FSH、T、E2水平上无交互作用(P>0.05);治疗方法在PRL、FSH、LH、T水平上主效应显著(P <0.05),在E2水平上主效应不显著(P>0.05);时间在PRL、FSH、LH水平上主效应显著(P <0.05),在T、E2水平上主效应不显著(P>0.05)。A组患者治疗后6、12个月FSH水平及治疗后12个月LH、T水平分别高于本组治疗前,治疗后12个月FSH水平高于本组治疗后6个月(P <0.05);C组患者治疗后6、12个月T水平分别高于本组治疗前,治疗后12个月T水平高于本组治疗后6个月(P <0.05);D组患者治疗后6、12个月PRL水平分别低于本组治疗前,LH水平分别高于本组治疗前(P <0.05);D组患者治疗后12个月PRL水平低于本组治疗后6个月,LH水平高于本组治疗后6个月(P <0.05)。B、C、D组患者治疗后12个月FSH水平低于A组(P <0.05);C组患者治疗后12个月T水平高于B组;D组患者治疗后6、12个月PRL水平低于A、B、C组,LH水平高于A、B、C组(P <0.05);D组患者治疗后12个月T水平低于A、C组(P <0.05)。时间与治疗方法在IIEF-5评分、PEDT评分上存在交互作用(P <0.05);治疗方法、时间在IIEF-5评分、PEDT评分上主效应均显著(P <0.05)。A、B组患者治疗后6、12个月IIEF-5评分分别高于本组治疗前,PEDT评分分别低于本组治疗前(P <0.05);D组患者治疗后6、12个月IIEF-5评分分别低于本组治疗前,PEDT评分分别高于本组治疗前(P <0.05);A、B组患者治疗后12个月IIEF-5评分分别高于本组治疗后6个月,PEDT评分分别低于本组治疗治疗后6个月(P <0.05);D组患者治疗后12个月IIEF-5评分低于本组治疗后6个月,PEDT评分高于本组治疗后6个月(P <0.05)。B、C、D组患者治疗后6、12个月IIEF-5评分低于A组,PEDT评分高于A组(P <0.05);C、D组患者治疗后6、12个月IIEF-5评分低于B组,PEDT评分高于B组(P <0.05);D组患者治疗后6、12个月IIEF-5评分低于C组,PEDT评分高于C组(P <0.05)。结论针对新诊断青年男性癫痫患者,奥卡西平可升高其FSH、LH、T水平,进而改善性功能;拉莫三嗪对其性激素可能无影响,但对性功能有一定改善作用;左乙拉西坦可升高其T水平,但对性功能可能无影响;托吡酯可降低其PRL水平,升高LH水平,可能会引起性功能下降或性功能障碍。因此,建议有生育需求的青年男性癫痫患者优先考虑采用奥卡西平治疗。     

Factores relacionados con la calidad de vida en personas que viven con el VIH en Alicante,España

PurposeTo analyze the determinants that influence the health-related quality of life of people living with HIV in Alicante (Spain).MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted, which recruited 214 Spanish-speaking participants over 18 years of age living with HIV from an outpatient consulting office of the infectious diseases in a hospital in Alicante between 2013 and 2014. A self-administration sociodemographic survey and the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36v2) was used to assess health-related quality of life. This questionnaire measures health on 8 domains.Results70% of the participants were male, 50% had CD4 cell count between 200-499 cells/mm³ and 20% were infected by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). For the 8 SF-36v2 scales, the average scores were higher than 45. Men presented better scores than women; there were statistically significant differences in all the scales except for general health. Being co-infected with HCV and being unemployed or other situations other than having a job were significantly associated with a lower physical component summary, while being married or having a partner were significantly associated with a higher score in the mental component summary.ConclusionThe socioeconomic level and the presence of clinical factors such as HCV influence the scales of quality of life of physical health among adults living with HIV.     

滋阴补肾、清热利湿的中药在男性免疫性不育症中的效果

目的：探讨滋阴补肾、清热利湿的中药治疗男性免疫性不育症中的效果。方法从该院2013年9月-2014年9月收治的男性免疫性不育症患者中随机选择105例进行研究,随机分为对照组(52例)和观察组(53例),分别给予常规西药治疗和常规西药治疗联合滋阴补肾、清热利湿的中药治疗。观察两组的治疗效果,并进行比较。结果观察组和对照组的治疗总有效率分别为92.45%和80.77%,观察组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论在常规西药治疗的基础上,联合利用滋阴补肾、清热利湿中药对男性免疫性不育症患者进行治疗可以获得良好的效果。     

实时剪切波弹性成像技术对男性不育患者睾丸硬度的检测及评估

目的应用实时剪切波弹性成像(SWE)技术测量睾丸硬度,探讨该项技术在男性少弱精症患者中的临床应用价值。方法选取我院诊断为少弱精症患者118例,其中轻度少弱精症组33例,中度少弱精症组35例,重度少弱精症组50例;另选睾丸正常且无泌尿系疾病的健康志愿者500例(对照组)。应用SWE技术测量各组睾丸弹性模量值,并对其进行比较;ROC曲线分析其诊断价值。结果轻、中度少弱精症组睾丸弹性模量最大值、平均值、最小值与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义;重度少弱精症组弹性模量最大值和平均值与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05);且当睾丸弹性模量值最大值为4.25 k Pa时,受试者工作特征曲线下面积最大(0.88),其诊断重度少弱精症患者的敏感性和特异性分别为79.4%、76.0%。结论 SWE技术可以准确地评价睾丸组织的硬度及均匀程度,为临床诊断少弱精症患者提供依据。