Pathological characterisation of male breast cancer: Results of the EORTC 10085/TBCRC/BIG/NABCG International Male Breast Cancer Program

AimSeveral prognostic histological features have been established in female breast cancer (BC), but it is unknown whether these can be extrapolated to male BC patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of several histological features in a large series of male BC.MethodsCentral pathology review was performed for 1483 male BCs collected through part 1 of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) International Male BC Program. Pathology review included histological subtype, grade, mitotic activity index (MAI), presence of a fibrotic focus and density of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). These features were correlated with clinical outcome. The relationship between these features and surrogate molecular subtypes using immunohistochemistry was also assessed.ResultsMedian follow-up for overall survival (OS) was 7.1 years. Overall histological grade was not significantly associated with OS (p = 0.129). MAI, the presence of a fibrotic focus and a low TIL density however were correlated with unfavourable OS (p = 0.023, p = 0.004 and p = 0.011, respectively). BC subtype correlated with TIL density (p = 0.015), as we observed a higher density for human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) positive BC compared to luminal HER2-negative subtype. No association was observed between subtype and fibrotic focus.ConclusionsHistologic grade was not significantly correlated with clinical outcome in this series, unlike what is seen in female patients. These results contribute to our understanding of male BC and indicate the importance of further research on the optimisation of risk stratification and treatment decisions for male BC patients.     

线粒体介导的细胞凋亡与男性不育的研究进展

随着世界工业化进程的加快,环境污染逐渐加重,男性不育的发病率呈全球性的增高趋势。疾病、毒物接触、电磁辐射、环境雌激素都可能是造成生育能力下降的诱因,但造成男性不育的机制尚不明确。精子质量低下是男性不育的根本原因,主要包括精子DNA损伤、精子活动力下降、精子密度降低等。线粒体损伤与精子细胞凋亡率升高常伴随以上原因出现。该文对线粒体介导的细胞凋亡与男性不育之间的关系进行简要综述。     

本科男护生实习后期思想现状调查及分析

目的调查男性护理本科生实习后期思想现状,探讨男护生实习培养存在问题及解决方向。方法采用自制调查问卷,对进入临床实习后期45名本科男护生进行调查。结果男护生实习前后对护理工作思想认识、择业态度有较大差异,实习后仍愿从事护理人数比例由实习前56.25%下降到43.75%。结论实习后期男护生思想认识、择业态度比实习前有较大差异,部分学生思想动摇,考虑改行,教育工作者应考虑男护生培养存在问题,思考应对方法。     

悬吊术治疗男性获得性尿失禁的研究进展

男性获得性尿失禁是指男性因外伤或手术导致括约肌受损或后天性神经源性疾病造成机体失去控制尿液的能力。相对于治疗金标准人工尿道括约肌植入术,悬吊术操作简单,费用低廉,疗效可靠,并发症少,在近年逐渐被医患所接受。该文就悬吊术治疗男性获得性尿失禁的研究进展予以综述。     

The malignant degeneration of a phyllode tumour in man: A case report

IntroductionMalignant phyllodes tumours of the breast represent less than 1% of all breast cancers.Few cases of phyllodes tumours have been reported in men.Case presentationWe present the case of a 60-year-old man who was operated on one year ago for a breast tumour that had undergone a lumpectomy with an anatomopathological study in favour of a grade 2 phylloid tumour. He was admitted to hospital with a palpable mass in his right breast. The lumpectomy enlarged to the right pectoralis major muscle was then performed with clear surgical margins.Microscopic examination revealed high-grade malignant phyllodes.Postoperatively, after 3 months, the patient was given a breast MRI and a PET/CT scan which returned without abnormalities.The patient is followed for eight months and has shown no signs of recurrence.DiscussionMalignant phyllodes tumours of the breast show clinical and mammographic signs comparable to those of benign lesions.The diagnosis is confirmed by histology, treatment is based on surgery, which may be a large lumpectomy or mastectomy, and the prognosis depends on several factors, the most important of which is the margin for surgical resection.ConclusionThe best treatment is a wide local excision with a safety margin of 1 cm, unless it is metastatic.Early diagnosis and surgery improves the prognosis.