Genotoxicity studies of glycidol fatty acid ester (glycidol linoleate) and glycidol

Glycidol fatty acid esters (GEs) are found in refined edible oils. Safety concerns have been alleged due to the possible release of glycidol (G), an animal carcinogen.     

Assessment of intracellular cytokines and regulatory cells in patients with autoimmune diseases and primary immunodeficiencies — Novel tool for diagnostics and patient follow-up

Serum and intracytoplasmic cytokines are mandatory in host defense against microbes, but also play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases by initiating and perpetuating various cellular and humoral autoimmune processes.     

SBHL诱导宫颈癌细胞株ME180凋亡的实验研究

目的 SBHL对人宫颈癌细胞的抗肿瘤作用机制。方法观察SBHL对ME180细胞增殖抑制、观察SBHL诱导ME180细胞凋亡。结果 MTT实验发现SBHL作用ME180细胞24小时后,细胞存活率明显下降,而且随着澳洲茄胺盐酸盐浓度的增加,抑制作用增强;流式细胞仪检测SBHL可引起ME180细胞阻滞于G1期,透射电镜观察细胞超微结构呈现典型的凋亡特征。结论 SBHL可抑制ME180细胞增殖并可诱导细胞发生凋亡。     

大鼠实验性胃炎中PGP9．5、C—kit及胃泌素、生长抑素表达的观察研究

目的通过观察胃炎大鼠组织PGP9．5及c—kit与胃泌素（GAS）、生长抑素（SS）表达变化，探讨胃cajal间质细胞（ICC）、肠神经及胃肠激素在胃炎发病中的作用。方法45只大鼠分胃炎A组、胃炎B组、对照组3组，分别灌喂幽门螺杆菌（Hp）SS1菌株、2％阿司匹林和0．6N盐酸1：1混合液、生理盐水，处死后取胃窦及胃体组织PGP9．5染色及检测胃体黏膜C-kit及胃窦黏膜GAS、SS表达，测量胃壁神经元胞体、c—kit阳性表达的ICC最长直径（Dmax，μm）、平均面积（μm^2）及光密度（nm）以及GAS、SS表达的积分光密度，并进行比较。结果（1）胃炎A组、B组胃壁神经元表达PGP9．5细胞平均面积、光密度均低于对照组（P〈0．01），胃炎A组与B组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；（2）胃炎A组GAS表达明显高于对照组，而SS表达则低于对照组（P〈0．05）。胃炎B组与对照组比较两项表达结果差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。直线相关分析显示SS与GAS呈负相关（r=-0．333，P〈0．01）；（3）胃炎A组、B组C-kit表达细胞分布面积和直径均明显小于对照组（P〈0．05），胃炎A组与B组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），三组c—kit表达细胞的积分光密度比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论Hp感染和NSAID可能改变胃壁神经元及ICC的形态结构。Hp感染可明显抑制胃窦SS分泌，而增加GAS分泌；NSAID诱导的胃炎对GAS与SS的影响不显著。     

HPV16E6与E-钙黏蛋白在不同宫颈病变组织中的表达与临床病理特征的相关性

目的 探讨人乳头瘤病毒(HPV) 16E6与E-钙黏蛋白在正常宫颈、宫颈上皮内瘤样变(CIN)、宫颈鳞癌中的表达意义.方法 采用免疫组化方法检测30例正常宫颈、34例CIN、60例宫颈鳞癌组织中HPV16E6与E-钙黏蛋白的表达,比较其表达差异,与临床病理特征的相关性.结果 HPV16E6在正常宫颈组织、CIN Ⅰ级、CINⅡ-Ⅲ级、宫颈鳞癌中的阳性表达率逐渐增加,差异有统计学意义(x2 =40.166,P=0.000);各组间两两比较除外正常组与CIN Ⅰ组、CIN Ⅰ组与CINⅡ-Ⅲ组(P=0.315,0.483),其余各组间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).E-钙黏蛋白在正常宫颈、CIN Ⅰ级、CINⅡ-Ⅲ级、宫颈鳞癌组织中的阳性表达率逐渐减少,差异有统计学意义(x2=31.295,P=0.000),各组间两两比较除外正常组与CIN Ⅰ组、CIN Ⅰ组与CINⅡ-Ⅲ组(P=0.056,0.627),其余各组间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).HPV16E6与E-钙黏蛋白阳性表达率与宫颈癌临床病理分期、肿瘤直径、组织病理学分级、肌层浸润都有关(P＜0.05),但两者的表达与年龄无关(P＞0.05).宫颈鳞癌组和CIN组中HPV16E6与E-钙黏蛋白的表达呈负相关(rs=-0.647,P=0.000).结论 宫颈病变级别增加与HPV16E6和E-钙黏蛋白阳性表达密切相关,提示宫颈癌预后不良;两种蛋白表达可能存在相互作用,且参与了宫颈癌的发生发展.     

紫杉醇通过mTOR信号通路影响乳腺癌细胞的增殖迁移

目的 探讨紫杉醇通过雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)信号通路影响乳腺癌MCF-7细胞的增殖迁移.方法 实验分为4组,分别为对照组,紫杉醇低剂量组(0.25 μmol/L),紫杉醇中剂量组(0.5 μmol/L),紫杉醇高剂量组(1μmol/L).MTT法检测各组MCF-7细胞活力;流式细胞术检测各组MCF-7细胞周期变化;Transwell迁移实验检测各组MCF-7细胞迁移能力;Western blot检测各组mTOR信号通路相关蛋白表达水平.结果 与对照组比较,紫杉醇低、中、高剂量组能显著抑制MCF-7细胞活力(P＜0.05),且在48 h抑制程度最高(P＜0.05),紫杉醇低、中、高剂量组都能使穿过滤膜进入下腔的乳腺癌MCF-7细胞数目显著减少[(98 ±9.78) vs (86.21 ±6.58)、(53.41 ±3.16)及(42.00 ±4.69),P＜0.05];紫杉醇低、中、高剂量组能使G1期的细胞明显增多[(52.14±6.13)％vs (67.93±8.16)％、(72.32±3.67)％及(78.53±6.28)％,P＜0.01],使G2期的细胞明显减少[(13.68±0.85)％vs(8.57±1.03)％、(5.30±0.89)％及(3.46±0.78)％,P＜0.01];紫杉醇低、中、高剂量组中4E结合蛋白1(4EBP1)及mTOR磷酸化水平下降,细胞周期蛋白D1(Cyclin D1)及基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)表达量也降低(P＜0.01).结论 紫杉醇抑制乳腺癌MCF-7细胞的增殖迁移,与mTOR信号通路有关.     

Differential roles of hypothalamic serotonin receptor subtypes in the regulation of prolactin secretion in the turkey hen

In the turkey, exogenous serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) increases prolactin (PRL) secretion by acting through the dopaminergic (DAergic) system. In the present study, infusion of the 5-HT_2C receptor agonist, (R)(−)-DOI hydrochloride (DOI), into the third ventricle stimulates PRL secretion, whereas the 5-HT_1A receptor agonist, (+/−)-8-OH-DPAT hydrobromide (DPAT), inhibits PRL secretion. Using the immediate-early gene, c-fos, as an indicator of neuronal activity, in situ hybridization histochemistry showed preferential c-fos co-localization within tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive neurons (the rate limiting enzyme in DA synthesis) in the areas of the nucleus preopticus medialis (POM) and the nucleus premammillaris (PMM), in response to DPAT and DOI, respectively. To clarify the involvement of 5-HT_1A and 5-HT_2C receptors in PRL regulation, their mRNA expression was determined on hypothalamic tissue sections from birds in different reproductive stages. A significant difference in 5-HT_1A receptor was observed, with the POM of hypoprolactinemic short day and photorefractory birds showing the highest expression. 5-HT_2C receptors mRNA did not change during the reproductive cycle. The data presented support the notion that DA neurons in the PMM and POM mediate the stimulatory and inhibitory effects of 5-HT, respectively, on PRL secretion and the 5-HTergic system can both stimulate and inhibit PRL secretion.     

Lipid based nanocarriers: a translational perspective

Over the recent couple of decades, pharmaceutical field has embarked most phenomenal noteworthy achievements in the field of medications as well as drug delivery. The rise of Nanotechnology in this field has reformed the existing drug delivery for targeting, diagnostic, remedial applications and patient monitoring. The convincing usage of nanotechnology in the conveyance of medications that prompts an extension of novel lipid-based nanocarriers and non-liposomal systems has been discussed. Present review deals with the late advances and updates in lipidic nanocarriers, their formulation strategies, challenging aspects, stability profile, clinical applications alongside commercially available products and products under clinical trials. This exploration may give a complete idea viewing the lipid based nanocarriers as a promising choice for the formulation of pharmaceutical products, the challenges looked by the translational process of lipid-based nanocarriers and the combating methodologies to guarantee the headway of these nanocarriers from bench to bedside.