Effect of low dose radiation on subpopulations of lymphocytes and T cell subsets in mice

<正> The effect of radiation on lymphocyte subpopulations and T cell subsets of peripheral blood was studied in mice after X- and y-irradiation.lt was found that (1) there were neither marked changes in the percentage and absolute number of acid alpha-naphthol acetyl esterase "positive(ANAE + )cells of different granular patterns, nor significant lowering of the T11/Ts ratio after single whole body X-irradiation in the dose range of 25-250 mGy with a dose rate of 12.5mGy/min. At the same time no significant changes were found at different time intervals after irradiation. After continuous low level irradiation with 60Co γ-rays with a dose rate of 5.4 mGy/6h.d,the ANAE grauular pattern of lymphocytes showed no significant changes with cumulative doses of 32.4 -520 mGy. (3)There was no decrease in the "splenocyte Ts index in Kunming mice after low dose X-irradiation. The results suggest that the stimulatory effect of low dose radiation on the PFC reaction can not be explained on the basis of a decrease in num     

流式细胞仪检测尖锐湿疣患者的T细胞亚群及NK细胞

目的 研究尖锐湿疣患者的细胞免疫功能。方法 用流式细胞仪检测了３０例尖锐湿疣患者外周血Ｔ细胞亚群及ＮＫ细胞百分率。结果 尖锐湿疣患者ＣＤ４细胞百分率下降,ＣＤ８细胞百分率增高,ＮＫ细胞数降低,与对照组相比差异均有显著性。结论 尖锐湿疣患者存在细胞免疫功能缺陷。     

手术对淋巴细胞亚群细胞周期的影响

目的观察实验动物围手术期脾脏淋巴细胞亚群细胞周期改变,分析手术对机体免疫功能的影响及其意义。方法对Balb／c小鼠行截肢术,分别于术后第1、2、3、4d处死,分离脾脏淋巴细胞,单克隆荧光抗体标记,流式细胞检测各淋巴细胞亚群的细胞周期。结果术后第1天CD3+、CD4+细胞的(S＋G2)期明显增高,分别为43.5±3.4％和46.5±4.1％,维持至术后第4天。CD8+(S＋G2)期术后第2天62.7±5.7％较对照组41.3±1.9％明显升高。sIG(膜表面免疫球蛋白)术后第2天(S＋G2)期明显升高。结论手术及应激可影响小鼠机体免疫功能。     

阉割和睾酮替代对大鼠应激免疫抑制蛋白的影响

目的 :研究阉割和睾酮替代对束缚应激模型大鼠血清中应激免疫抑制蛋白的影响。方法 :成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、假手术组、阉割组、阉割后睾酮替代组。每组 10～ 12只。以上各组随机抽出一半给予束缚应激 ,另一半作为不应激对照。观察各组大鼠血清对ConA诱导的淋巴细胞转化的作用 ,作为反映血清中应激免疫抑制蛋白含量的指标。在离体实验中观察不同浓度的睾酮对淋巴细胞转化的直接作用。结果 :阉割可促进应激大鼠血清中应激免疫抑制蛋白的产生 ,睾酮替代可对抗这一作用。结论 :睾酮可在一定范围内对抗应激免疫抑制蛋白的产生。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者T淋巴细胞亚群的变化

目的：探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸道暂停综合征（ＯＳＡＳ）患者的血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群（Ｔ－ＬＳ）的变化。方法：将经多导睡眠图检查确诊的ＯＳＡＳ患者按睡眠呼吸紊乱指数（ＡＨＩ）≤３０次／ｈ分为Ａ组（４４例）,ＡＨＩ〉３０次／ｈ分为Ｂ组（４７例）。正常对照组为Ｃ组（１０例）。测定３组患者血Ｔ－ＬＳ。结果：Ａ,Ｂ两组的ＣＤ＾＋２,ＣＤ＾＋４,ＣＤ＾＋８ ,ＣＤ＾＋４／ＣＤ＾＋８比较差异无显著性（Ｐ〉０．０５）。Ａ组,     

合欢皮对小鼠免疫功能的调节作用

目的 探讨合欢皮对小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法 用相当于生药１０ｍｇ／（ｋｇ．ｄ）、１００ｍｇ／（ｋｇ．ｄ）和５００ｍｇ／（ｋｇ．ｄ）合 皮水提取液,连续小鼠灌胃６ｄ,检测小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞对鸡红细胞（ＣＲＢＣ）的吞噬率和吞噬指数,刀豆素Ａ（ＣｏｎＡ）刺激小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）和脾淋巴细胞白细胞介素－２（ＩＬ－２）诱生的水平。结果 １００ｍｇ／（ｋｇ．ｄ）合欢皮使小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬率     

The third inactivated vaccine booster dramatically enhanced SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses and did not influence the profile of prothrombotic antibody

The purpose of this study is to investigate the production of both severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific antibodies and autoantibodies in serum following the third booster vaccination of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine, and to study the effect of B cell subsets with CD27 and CD38 phenotypes in peripheral blood on antibody production. Routine blood indexes, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, platelet factor 4 and seven antiphospholipid antibodies were detected both before and 2 months after vaccination in the medical staff of the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. Peripheral blood B cell subtypes were detected before vaccination. Following immunization, the positive rate of anti-N-S1 immunoglobulin (IgG) had increased from 24.8% to 91.3% and the average antibody concentration had increased by 11 times. The positive rate of neutralizing antibody had increased from 24.8% to 91.3%, the average antibody concentration had increased by 12 times, and the primary increased anti-S1 IgG subtype was that of IgG1. Peripheral blood CD27 + CD38+ B cells were positively correlated with antibody levels after vaccination and were a predictor of the antibody response. In addition, although some indicators showed slight absolute changes, the blood parameters and antiphospholipid antibodies of most volunteers were normal both before and after COVID-19 inactivated vaccine inoculation, and there was no statistical difference in abnormal rates either before or after inoculation. Antibodies in vivo were increased after vaccination with the inactivated vaccine, and IgG1 was the main subtype involved in response to the vaccine. Vaccination with the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine did not appear to affect thrombus-related autoantibodies.     

CD44: physiological expression of distinct isoforms as evidence for organ-specific metastasis formation

Continuous progress has been achieved during recent decades in the therapy of metastasizing malignancies by improving chemotherapeutic strategies and new approaches in radiation therapy. Genetic manipulation of tumor cells and of the tumor fighting immune system is hoped to add significant contributions to curative interventions in disseminated tumors. That we are still far from eradicating death by malignant growth is due ultimately to our limited understanding of the cascade of events resulting in metastasis formation, which until recently was believed to rely on multiple rounds of mutation and selection processes. This implies an individually specific history of each metastatic tumor, which would rule out uniform diagnostic and therapeutic concepts. When it was noted in a rat tumor model that the transfer of cDNA of a single gene, a CD44 variant isoform (CD44v) covering the exons v4–v7, sufficed to initiate metastasis formation of a locally growing tumor, hope was created that a metastogene may have been identified. Although the idea of CD44v expression as a unifying concept for tumor progression was not sustained, the discovery of CD44v-initiated metastatic spread allowed a conceptually new hypothesis on tumor progression as a consequence of the reactivation of genetic programs of ontogeny, stem cell differentiation, and/or lymphocyte activation. Since distinct CD44 isoforms play an important role in these processes, unraveling the functions of this family of molecules can indeed provide a cornerstone in the understanding of tumor progression. This article summarizes briefly the present knowledge on known functions of CD44 isoforms with particular focus on parallels between physiological programs and tumor progression.Abbreviations CD44s CD44 standard isoform - CD44v CD44 variant isoforms - HA Hyaluronate     

Stress-induced reduction in the rat mixed lymphocyte reaction is due to macrophages and not to changes in T cell phenotypes

Exposure to aversive events or Stressors modulates various aspects of immune function. We have previously reported that exposure to an acute Stressor, inescapable tail shock (IS), resulted in a shift in T cell subpopulations in rat mesenteric lymph nodes but not in cervical lymph nodes (Fleshner et al. (1992) J. Neuroimmunol. 41, 131–142). The mesenteric ratio was increased immediately after exposure to IS and was due primarily to an increase in the percent of CD4⁺ cells. The present experiments were designed to determine the relationship between the IS-associated phenotypic shift and its significance in the function of CD4⁺ T cells. The function assessed was the in vitro proliferative response to alloantigens coded for by the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC). Using the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), we report that exposure to IS resulted in a decrease in the MLR response of cells from both cervical and mesenteric lymph nodes. Depletion of macrophages (nylon wool adherent cells) eliminated the IS-induced reduction and co-culture of macrophages (irradiation-insensitive cells) from shocked rats produced the suppression. One interpretation of these data is that exposure to IS resulted in the activation of macrophages and the release of a suppressive factor which reduced the MLR response of peripheral lymph node lymphocytes.     

Immunological changes among workers occupationally exposed to styrene

The functional status of the immune system was investigated in a group of 71 workers exposed to styrene and in 65 control subjects, recruited according to the same selection criteria and comparable as to sex, age, and confounding variables. Air and biological monitoring were used to characterize styrene exposure (median of the main urinary metabolites in the next-morning spot samples: 106 mg/g creatinine). Phenotypic analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) by automated flow cytometry revealed a reduced proportion of T lymphocyte subsets (CD3⁺, CD4⁺ and CD4⁺45⁺), with no changes in CD8⁺, and a higher proportion of B lymphocytes (CD19⁺) among styrene-exposed workers. The exposed workers showed a higher proportion of activation markers, namely DR and interleukin-2 receptors (CD25). Immunoglobulin subclasses were comparable in the two groups. An increased prevalence of abnormally low values was apparent for CD2⁺, CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD4⁺45⁺ and CD11b subsets among workers exposed to styrene, whereas CD19⁺, DR⁺ and CD25⁺ showed an increased prevalence of abnormally high values. Natural killer-related phenotypes (CD56⁺, CD56+16⁺, and CD56⁺16^–) were more expressed among styrene workers, with average increase of 30%. However, the frequency distribution of the lytic activity of natural killer cells against K-562 target cells was shifted towards lower values in the exposed workers as compared to control subjects. Dose-response relationships between indices of internal dose and prevalence of abnormal values were detectable for T lymphocyte subsets, NK phenotypes, and activation markers. These findings suggest that moderate exposure to styrene is associated with an altered distribution of lymphocyte subsets. The decreased proportion of T lymphocytes, mainly of T helper-inducer cells, could hamper regulatory functions, thus suggesting a negative modulation by styrene exposure. Since a proper balance between immunocycte subsets is important for immunological responses, such changes should be regarded as adverse effects.