Expression of low molecular weight cytokeratin proteins in cervical neoplasia

CAM 5.2 is a monoclonal antibody which identifies lower molecular weight cytokeratin proteins (50, 43 and 38 kD). It is an antibody which works reliably on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. In this study, using CAM 5.2 in the indirect immunoperoxidase method we have examined ectocervical epithelium ranging from normal, through metaplasia and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia to invasive squamous carcinoma. CAM 5.2 is demonstrated to be a useful indicator of changes associated with malignant transformation in the ectocervix.     

Dysphagia lusoria: proposal of a new treatment

Summary Recent observation of one patient suffering from dysphagia lusoria has suggested critical review of treatment of the symptomatic aberrant right subclavian artery. Surgical correction of such an anomaly is difficult and may produce serious complications, and is not always successful. Endoscopic dilatation of the oesophageal stricture, even though it might only produce temporary relief of dysphagia, represents a valid therapeutical alternative because of its favourable cost/benefit ratio, low incidence of complications and patient acceptability.     

Regional cerebral blood flow after occlusion of the middle cerebral artery

Occlusions of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) are mostly of embolic origin (appr. 80%) and give rise to about one third of all ischemic strokes, most of these being major strokes. MCA occlusions lasting for less than 1/2 h are tolerated without occurrence of permanent tissue damage. Occlusions lasting between 1/2 h to 4-8 h lead to permanent tissue damage and neurological deficits that are proportional to the duration of occlusion. Maximal tissue damage is obtained after 4-8 h occlusion. A cerebral blood flow of 8-23 ml/100 gr/min is sufficient for cellular viability but insufficient for normal tissue function ("ischemic penumbra"). Cellular function is completely abolished in the interval 8-16 ml/100 gr/min and flow at that level is tolerated only for 1-3 h before neuronal death ensues. In the interval 18-23 ml/100 gr/min there is some functional activity although it is reduced. Experimental and clinical evidence suggests that flow in this interval may be tolerated for several days, months or even longer ("chronic ischemic penumbra"). After MCA occlusion the blood flow falls below 8 ml/100 gr/min in most cases and permanent MCA occlusion always leads to relatively large areas of frank infarction. The ischemic infarcts may be surrounded by collaterally perfused areas where the blood flow is pressure-dependent (impaired autoregulation) and quite commonly insufficient for normal neuronal function (below 23 ml/100 gr/min). Such collaterally perfused areas may include a "chronic ischemic penumbra". Emboli causing MCA occlusions commonly disintegrate and/or migrate more peripherally within the first few weeks post stroke. This leads to reperfusion and changes of ischemic infarcts into hyperemic infarcts where flow is severely increased. The vascular reactivity is completely abolished in hyperemic infarcts and the hyperemic state lasts for about two weeks. Probably, anemic infarcts are equivalent to ischemic infarcts while the hemorrhagic variety is equivalent to hyperemic infarcts. The "partial infarct" with selective neuronal necrosis occurs in experimental animals after MCA occlusions of less than four h but not after permanent MCA occlusion. The significance of partial infarction in human stroke is not clarified. The extent of irreversible tissue damage can be reduced only if therapy sets in within 4-8 h after the occlusion. If a "chronic penumbra" exists the extension of reversible tissue damage can be reduced if therapy aimed at increasing the blood flow in the penumbra sets in within weeks or even months after the stroke.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

Cervical tissue uptake of all-trans-retinoic acid delivered via a collagen sponge-cervical cap delivery device in patients with cervical dysplasia

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the systemic absorption and cervical tissue uptake of all-transretinoic acid (TRA), delivered via a collagen spongecervical cap delivery device in patients with intraepithelial cervical dysplasia. Ten patients with histologically proven mild or moderate cervical dysplasia were included in this pharmacologic study. The two TRA concentrations (0.05% and 0.372%) selected for study represent the starting and maximally tolerated doses used in phase I clinical trial. All-trans-retinoic-11-³H acid (³H-TRA, 500 Ci) was used to facilitate cervical tissue uptake studies. Cervical biopsies and post-treatment blood samples were obtained from each patient after TRA exposure. The uptake of TRA into cervical tissues four hours after drug administration was significantly increased at the maximally tolerated TRA dose. There was a rapid decrease in cervical tissue concentration of TRA at the 0.372% dose between 4 and 24 h after drug exposure, suggesting a relatively short elimination half-life of TRA in cervical tissues. HPLC analysis of post-treatment blood samples indicate that there was no systemic absorption of TRA after local cervical administration.     

FAM19A4基因启动子甲基化检测在宫颈癌及其癌前病变筛查的研究

宫颈癌是最常见的妇科恶性肿瘤之一。目前人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)检测及细胞学检查是宫颈癌及其癌前病变(CCPL)的主要筛查手段。由于上述传统筛查方法,仍然存在对CCPL漏诊的风险,因此寻找有效识别CCPL的特异性分子标志物,具有重要临床意义。对具有序列相似性家族19成员A4(FAM19A4)基因启动子甲基化定量检测,可有效检出CCPL组织,较传统筛查方法有较高特异度,有望成为CCPL筛查的特异性分子标志物。笔者拟就FAM19A4基因启动子甲基化定量检测,在CCPL筛查中应用的最新研究现状进行阐述,旨在为进一步推进CCPL筛查方法的开发,提供思路。     

Plasma membrane-mediated nuclear uptake and chromatin binding of insulin in tumor cell lines

Analysis of different cellular fractions after incubation of SW 948 and SW 707 colorectal carcinoma cells or WM 266-4 melanoma cells with 125I-insulin revealed the nondegraded hormone in the chromatin of these cells. Nuclear 125I-insulin was bound to specific fragments of EcoRI-, HaeIII-, and HincII-digested chromatin. A 45-kDa chromatin protein species that binds 125I-insulin was identified. Actinomycin D and cycloheximide inhibited the insulin-stimulated expression of chromatin receptors. Uptake of 125I-insulin by isolated nuclei occurred only in the presence of plasma membranes. Thus, at least some effects of insulin on target cells can be explained by direct gene regulation instead of "second messenger" action.     

改良的颈神经丛阻滞麻醉的临床观察

目的：探讨甲状腺大部切除手术应用改良的颈神经丛阻滞麻醉效果。方法：全部病例均采用一点法深浅颈神经丛阻滞。将全部病例随机分为A、B两组（每组30例）,深丛均为0.25%布比卡因液或1.14%利多卡因和0.14%地卡因混合液,每侧各约5-6ml。A组为与深丛相同浓度的局麻药液,每侧约8-10ml,B组为与A组所用药同等剂量,但其浓度为A组的2/3（即加入1/3容量的生理盐水）,使浅丛容量较A组增加1/3,约为11-13.5ml。结果：两组病人经过顺利,均无并发症。阻滞效果均较好,但A组病人在手术进行到牵拉甲状腺上极时,有12例病人牵拉痛较明显。结论：低浓度高容量法颈丛阻滞,效果可靠、安全、并发症少,是甲状腺大部切除较理想的麻醉方法。     

经皮球囊二尖瓣成形术疗效分析

本文分析经皮球囊二尖瓣成形术治疗风湿性二尖瓣狭窄的疗效。结果表明 ,PBMV耗费少 ,住院期短。效果良好 ,值得推广应用     

人巨细胞病毒感染与宫颈癌关系的研究

采用聚合酶链反应 (PCR)检测 30例宫颈癌、 30例宫颈炎、 8例正常宫颈组织标本中 HCMV早期 (IE)、晚期 (L)基因片段、 HCMV79- aa ORF癌基因及 HPV16、 18、 32、 5 2 b、 5 8型 DNA。结果表明 :除 HCMV L 基因外 ,以上各基因在宫颈癌组之检出率均显著高于宫颈炎组 ,且宫颈癌组 IE和 L 基因、HPV高危型和 HCMV同时感染的比值比 (OR)分别高于 IE或 L 基因、HPV高危型或 HCMV单独感染的 OR值之和。提示人巨细胞病毒与宫颈癌的发生有关 ,可通过其 IE基因启动、激活 HPV的致癌作用 ,HCMV79- aa ORF癌基因的整合也可能是致宫颈癌的一个不可忽视的重要因素     

球囊血管成形术后再狭窄中ET和IGF—I的改变

目的 探讨内皮素（endothelin,ET)及胰岛素样生长因子－I（insulin like growth factor-I,IGF-I)在球囊损伤血管内皮后的改变及意义。方法 用自制导管制造大鼠血管内皮损伤模型,观察不同损血管病理改变,同时用放射免疫法测定血将ET及IGF－I含量。结果 血管内皮损伤后,随着时间延长,平滑肌细胞大量增殖造成管腔狭窄,将ET及IGF－I升高明显,各时间点与对照组相比均有显著性差异,且两者具有较好相关性。结论 ET与IGF－I相互作用促进血管平滑肌增殖,两者可能共同能与了球囊血管成形术后再狭窄的病理过程。