Molecular and functional characterization of porcine LFA-1 using monoclonal antibodies to CD11a and CD18

Abstract: We describe in this report the production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to the swine homologues of CD11a and CD18 antigens, and their use for phenotypic and functional analysis of porcine leukocytes. Monoclonal antibodies BL1H8 and BL2F1 precipitated two bands of approximately 170 and 95 kDa, whereas mAb BA3H2 brought down three bands of 170, 155 and 95 kDa, from alveolar macrophage lysates. Clearance of macrophage lysates with mAbs BL1H8 and BL2F1 resulted in complete removal of the 170-kDa band. The cell distribution of the molecules recognized by these mAbs was similar to that of human LFA-1. It was found on all leukocytes, although its expression varied among the different leukocyte subpopulations, with monocytes, granulocytes and a subset of CD8⁺ cells expressing the highest levels. Cross-blocking studies showed that these antibodies recognize different epitopes on porcine LFA-1. Both anti-LFA-1 mAbs strongly inhibited the mitogenic response of PBMC to ConA, whereas the anti-CD18 mAb had no effect. These anti-LFA-1 mAbs also inhibited the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and the NK cell-mediated lysis of K-562 cells.     

太子健对哮喘豚鼠白细胞介素-5 P-选择素的影响

目的　观察太子健 对反复诱发哮喘的哮喘豚鼠血中白细胞介素 (IL) - 5、黏附分子 P-选择素的影响。方法　将豚鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、地塞米松组、太子健 高剂量和低剂量组 5组 ,后 4组分别用卵蛋白致敏 15 d后 ,再用卵蛋白反复诱发哮喘 ,正常组用生理盐水代替 ,同时 ,正常组和模型组灌服生理盐水 ,其余 3组分别灌服地塞米松、高剂量和低剂量太子健 ,予以治疗 ,连续 15 d。结果　太子健 可减少血中 IL- 5、黏附分子 P-选择素的含量。结论　太子健 可以影响 IL- 5、P-选择素对炎症细胞的调节作用 ,从而减轻气道慢性变应性炎症 ,具有一定的抗哮喘复发的作用。     

Reliability of the Dominic-R: A Young Child Mental Health Questionnaire Combining Visual and Auditory Stimuli

Reliability of the Dominic-R, a. questionnaire combining visual and auditory stimuli, was tested in 340 community children aged 6 to 11 years. Test-retest reliability of symptoms of, and of symptom scores of, DSM-III-R disorders including simple phobias, separation anxiety disorder, overanxious disorder, depression/dysthymia, attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder was assessed. Most symptoms yielded kappas greater than .40, and ICCs ranged from .74 to .81. In conclusion, reliability of the Dominic-R compares favourably with that of other child assessment questionnaires.     

白细胞介素—2脂质体的制备及其抗肿瘤作用

研究白细胞介素－２脂质体对小鼠Ｂ－１６轩色素瘤肺转移瘤的抑瘤活性和对荷瘤鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖的影响。方法：改良薄膜－超声法制备ＩＬ－２脂质体；正常及免疫受抑的Ｂ－１６黑色素瘤肺转移Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６Ｎ小鼠ｉｐ游离或脂质体包封的ＩＬ－２，检测肺湿重，肺转移结节数和脾淋巴细胞６３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入量。结果：制备的ＩＬ－２脂质体为直径２００－２５００ｎｍ５ 大单层脂     

The effect of interleukin-6 on enhancing the invasiveness of head and neck cancer cells in vitro

Patients with head and neck cancers that produce a high concentration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) or patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinomas who have elevated serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations have been found previously to be at significant risk for tumor invasion to adjacent organs as well as frequent metastases. This suggests that G-CSF and Il-6 enhance the invasiveness and metastatic potential of cancer cells. We studied the in vitro invasiveness of head and neck cancer cell lines with and without recombinant human G-CSF (rhG-CSF) and human IL-6 (hIL-6) in an extracellular matrix membrane system. The degree of invasiveness was affected by incubating cells with hIL-6, but not by pre-incubating the cell-matrix with hIL-6. The maximum concentration of hIL-6 for enhanced invasiveness was approximately 5,000 u/ml. In addition, rhG-CSF enhanced the invasiveness of tumor cells that produced large amounts of G-CSF. The present study also suggests that tumor cells tend to invade and metastasize in an environment rich in hIL-6. Received: 3 November 1997 / Accepted: 1 April 1998     

Enhanced IL-4 but normal interferon-gamma production in children with isolated IgE mediated food hypersensitivity

Atopic disorders such as atopic dermatitis and asthma have been characterised by an imbalance in interferon-gamma (INF-γ) and IL-4. Whether similar imbalances are found in atopic disorders with different clinical manifestations, such as IgE mediated immediate food hypersensitivity, is not clear. We have examined the in vitro production of INF-γ and IL-4 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) following phytohaemagglutinin stimulation from children with isolated immediate IgE mediated food hypersensitivity (egg, milk, "nut"), children with moderate and severe atopic dermatitis, and normal children. Children with immediate food reactions were excluded if they had a history or evidence of atopic dermatitis or asthma. PBMC from children with IgE mediated food hypersensitivity produced significantly more IL-4 (p = 0.013) but equivalent INF-γ (p=0.26) compared to PBMC from control children. In contrast, PBMC from children with atopic dermatitis produced significantly less INF-γ (p < 0.001) and more IL-4 (p < 0.008) than PBMC from normal children. In addition, there was no difference in IL-4 (p = 0.74) but significantly less INF-γ (p < 0.001) produced by PBMC from the children with atopic dermatitis than food hypersensitivity. We demonstrate that children with IgE mediated food hypersensitivity and no other manifestation of atopic disease have enhanced IL-4 production without the defect in INF-γ production observed in childhood AD and asthma. We postulate that isolated IL-4 enhancement promotes the development of IgE mediated hypersensitivity disorders such as food allergy, whilst the combination of defective INF-γ and enhanced IL-4 production promotes inflammatory atopic disorders such as AD and asthma.     

Thrombopoietic factors potentially useful in the treatment of acute leukemia

Thrombocytopenia is a major cause of morbidity following intensive chemotherapy for acute leukemia. Over recent years, there has been an increasing use of platelet transfusions which, although generally efficacious to prevent severe hemorrhage, have associated risks of transmitting blood-borne disease and of alloimmunization. Therefore, there is a clinical requirement for a drug that will reliably alleviate the thrombocytopenia associated with leukemia therapy. The c-mpl ligand thrombopoietin is the most interesting factor for the treatment of thrombocytopenia because of its lineage specificity. Phase I and II studies confirm its biological efficacy to induce rise in platelet count in patients with solid tumors and acute leukemia. Several other pleiotropic hematopoietic growth factors are also currently in clinical trials. These include interleukin-6, interleukin-3, interleukin-11, PIXY321 and stem cell factor. The effects of these cytokines appear to be modest at most and, with the exception of interleukin-11, their side effects are likely to limit their clinical application. Combinations of factors may prove more efficacious approaches to enhance platelet recovery.     

Irinotecan as second-line treatment for unresectable liver metastases of colon cancer

A 53-year-old woman had shown repeated, partial responses to chemotherapy for large, multiple liver metastases of sigmoid colon cancer. After a partial response to 5-fluorouracil plus leucovorin therapy, an 89.7% reduction of the 5-fluorouracil-resistant metastatic tumor was achieved by giving CPT-11 (irinotecan) at a dose of 100 mg/body per week. We suggest that CPT-11 should be recommended as an effective second-line treatment for unresectable liver metastases of colon cancer, after 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy.     

重组人白细胞介素-11治疗实体瘤化疗所致的血小板减少症的随机对照研究

目的:观察重组人白细胞介素-11(rhIL-11)治疗实体瘤化疗所致的血小板减少症的客观疗效;观察rhIL-11在人体的不良反应及其安全性.方法:本研究采用随机对照试验,55例化疗后血小板低于50×109/L的患者,随机分为A组和B组,A组接受rhIL-11,B组不接受rhIL-11治疗.主要观察IL-11能否治疗化疗引起的血小板减少症.结果:A组血小板值在第2～21d均高于B组,第4～21天差别具有显著的统计学意义;A组Ⅱ°、Ⅲ°及Ⅳ°血小板减少的持续天数分别为3.0d、3.2d及0.4d,B组分别为5.1d、5.8d及2.2d,A组血小板减少持续天数短于B组,但无统计学差异.IL-11的不良反应主要包括:心悸、心律失常、水肿、发热、关节肌肉疼痛、注射局部疼痛、皮疹、头痛头晕、乏力等.大多较轻,可以耐受.结论:rhIL-11能刺激血小板增生,治疗化疗引起的血小板降低,是一种有效、安全的治疗血小板减少的药物,值得进一步研究.     

重组人白细胞介素-11对小鼠尾部表皮颗粒层形成和血清白细胞介素-2水平的影响

目的观察重组人白细胞介素-11(rhIL-11)对小鼠尾部表皮颗粒层生成和血清白细胞介素-2(IL-2)水平的影响。方法采用小鼠尾部鳞片表皮颗粒层形成模型,不同组别的小鼠给予rhIL-11或甲氨喋呤,观察其对鼠尾鳞片表皮颗粒层和血清IL-2含量的影响。结果rhIL-11可显著促进小鼠尾部鳞片表皮颗粒层形成(P<0.01),并显著抑制血清IL-2的水平(P<0.01)。结论rhIL-11可抑制角质细胞增殖分化不全和减少促发因子IL-2的生成,对银屑病具有较好的防治作用。