后牙游离缺失患者对5种修复方法的主观评价

目的了解后牙游离缺失患者对种植义齿、单端固定桥、附着体义齿、活动义齿、短牙弓5种处理方法的主观评价。方法对133例后牙游离缺失患者,通过问卷记录患者的基本情况以及患者选择修复方法时考虑的主要因素,用图片及文字说明让患者充分了解各种修复方法的优缺点,在视觉模拟尺上标记患者对5种方法的评分。分析患者的基本情况与主观评价之间的关系。结果 133例患者对种植义齿、单端固定桥、附着体义齿、活动义齿、短牙弓的评分分别为56.5±20.1、40.2±17.9、34.9±15.4、48.1±19.4、36.6±15.2。患者对修复方法的评价受年龄、教育水平、牙列现状等因素的影响,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论患者对种植义齿的主观评价最高,对短牙弓的评价最低,患者对不同修复方法的评价与自身情况有关。     

Three dimensional finite element analysis of the stress distribution around the mandibular posterior implant during non-working movement according to the amount of cantilever

PURPOSE

In case of large horizontal discrepancy of alveolar ridge due to severe resorption, cantilevered crown is usually an unavoidable treatment modality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical criteria for the placement of the aforementioned implant crown.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The mandible model with 2 mm thick cortical bone and cancellous bone was fabricated from CT cross-section image. An external connection type implant was installed and cantilevered crowns with increasing offset of 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 mm were connected. Vertical load and 30° oblique load of 300 N was applied and stress around bone and implant component was analyzed. A total of 14 cases were modeled and finite element analysis was performed using COSMOS Works (Solid works Inc, USA).

RESULTS

As for the location of the vertical load, the maximum stress generated on the lingual side of the implant became larger according to the increase of offset distance. When the oblique load was applied at 30°, the maximum stress was generated on the buccal side and its magnitude gradually decreased as the distance of the offset load increased to 5 mm. After that point, the magnitude of implant component''s stress increased gradually.

CONCLUSION

The results of this study suggest that for the patient with atrophied alveolar ridge following the loss of molar teeth, von-Mises stress on implant components was the lowest under the 30° oblique load at the 5 mm offset point. Further studies for the various crown height and numbers of occusal points are needed to generalize the conclusion of present study.     

椎弓根钉治疗胸腰椎骨折的方法及并发症原因的分析

目的:讨论椎弓根钉在胸腰椎骨折中的应用方法及并发症的预防及处理方法。方法:无须X线透视下,采用综合定位法探索出比较安全方便的椎弓根植入技术。结果:38例胸腰椎骨折病人,采用综合定位方法植入椎弓根螺钉术,准确,安全,可靠,优良率93%。结论:综合定位法椎弓根钉植入技术效果良好,并发症及失误少。     

Failed Primary Surgery in Congenital Scoliosis Caused by a Single Hemivertebra: Reasons and Revision Strategies

ObjectiveTo analyze the factors causing failure of primary surgery in congenital scoliosis (CS) patients with single hemivertebra (SHV) undergoing posterior spinal fusion, and to elucidate the revision strategies.MethodsIn this retrospective study, a total of 32 CS patients secondary to SHV undergoing revision surgery from April 2010 to December 2017 due to failed primary surgery with more than 2 years follow‐up were reviewed. The reasons for failure of primary surgery and revision strategies were analyzed for each patient. The radiographic parameters including coronal Cobb angle, segmental kyphosis (SK), coronal balance (CB), and sagittal vertical axis (SVA) were compared between pre‐ and post‐revision. The complications during revision and follow‐up were recorded.ResultsThe mean age at revision surgery of the 32 CS patients was 15.8 ± 9.7 years and the average duration between primary and revision surgery was 31.0 ± 35.4 months. The reasons for failed primary surgery were severe post‐operative curve progression of focal scoliosis in 14 cases (43.8%), implant failure in 17 (53.1%) and trunk imbalance in 12 (37.5%). The candidate revision strategies included thorough resection of residual hemivertebra and adjacent discs, extending fusion levels, complete pseudarthrosis resection, massive bone graft, replacement of broken rods, satellite rod fixation, horizontalization of upper/lower instrumented vertebrae and rigid fusion of structural compensatory curves were performed individually. After revision surgery, the coronal Cobb angle, SK, CB and SVA showed significant improvement (P < 0.05) with no significant correction loss during follow‐up (P > 0.05). The intra‐operative complications included alarming changes of neurologic monitoring in three (9.4%) patients and dual tear in two, while rod fracture re‐occurred was detected in one patient at 18 months after revision.ConclusionsThe common reasons for failed primary surgery in CS patients with SHV undergoing posterior spinal fusion were severe post‐operative curve progression of focal scoliosis, implant failure and trunk imbalance. The revision strategies including thorough resection of residual hemivertebra and adjacent discs, extended fusion levels to structural curvature, complete pseudarthrosis resection, massive bone graft, replacement of broken internal fixation and horizontalization of upper/lower instrumented vertebrae should be individualized based on the causes of failed primary surgery.     

Types of Medication-Assisted Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder in Turkey: The Perceptions of Inpatients about Treatment Success

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was the following. When the different dynamics of agonist or antagonist treatments considered it is assumed that the eligible treatment to the individual may be maintained with high efficacy. Thus, we aimed to examine the difference between treatment methods, considering sociodemographics and positive perception for treatment success. MethodsThe number of 136 individuals which their ages range between 19–50 and have been getting agonist (buprenorphine/naloxone) or antagonist (naltrexone) treatment because of opioid use disorder while resting in clinics have been evaluated to reveal the factors that may alter their perception about treatment and have been compared with sociodemographic variables and characteristics such as sociotropic and autonomic. Therefore, “Sociodemographic Data Evaluation Form,” “Predictive Factors for The Addiction Treatment Success Scale,” and “Sociotropy-Autonomy Scale” were used to assess the sociodemographic data, the perception towards factors which have been affected to the treatment and characteristics. The data of the individuals have been collected by the researcher via face-to-face interviews while patients were residential in the clinic. ResultsAccording to results of our study, it has been detected that there are some differences in the perception of treatment success between individuals who have been getting agonist or antagonist treatments such as treatment method (p<0.05), treatment frequency (p<0.01) and parents’ vital statuses (p<0.05). ConclusionAt the end of the study it has been understood that medical and social benefits after the selection of eligible treatment methods which is suitable for individual’s perception and characteristics have to be considered.     

聚乙烯醇水凝胶及其复合物的研究与在人工软骨替代材料上的应用

聚乙烯醇水凝胶是一种具有良好生物相容性和力学性能的高弹性材料。本文介绍了聚乙烯醇水凝胶的成型方法，复合改性技术的研究进展，着重对聚乙烯醇水凝胶作为替代材料在关节软骨损伤修复中的研究现状和存在问题进行了综述，并概述了其应用前景和发展方向。     

种植体型功能矫治器矫治过程中Beagle犬咬肌肌纤维类型的变化

目的:观察种植体型功能矫治器引导Beagle犬下颌骨前移治疗过程中咬肌MyHC-Ⅰ表达量的变化,探讨种植体型功能矫治器矫治过程中咀嚼肌的适应性改建,为矫形治疗提供理论依据.方法:8只7个月龄雄性Beagle犬分别在安装矫治器治疗后4、8、12周及拆除矫治器后4周(即16周)处死,取咬肌浅层中部组织做切片,用SABC法检测MyHC-Ⅰ在Beagle犬咬肌中的表达,采用SPSS 11.5软件包对数据进行统计学分析.结果:MyHC-Ⅰ在对照组咬肌中的阳性表达率为7.61％,在4周实验组咬肌中的阳性表达率为20.43％(P＜0.01),8周时达到最大,而后逐渐减少.拆除矫治器后,咬肌中MyHC-Ⅰ的表达逐渐减少,直至与对照组水平接近.结论:种植体型功能矫治器前移下颌过程中咬肌MyHC-Ⅰ的表达出现明显变化,种植体型功能矫治器能明显促进咀嚼肌的适应性改建.     

种植体支抗与传统口内支抗矫治上颌前突的效果比较

目的:比较种植体支抗与传统口内支抗矫治上颌前突的效果.方法:选择上颌需要拔除双侧第一前磨牙且需强支抗的上颌前突患者30例,随机分为种植体支抗组15例,传统口内支抗组15例.分别于治疗前(T1)和治疗后(T2)制取寄存模型、拍摄头颅侧位片.通过三维模型测量对比牙的移动效果,通过头影测量比较颌骨及软组织的改变.采用SPSS 17.0软件包进行统计学分析.结果:①种植体支抗组上中切牙内收(6.661±1.328) mm,压低(0.129±1.815) mm;传统口内支抗组上中切牙内收(5.788±2.009) mm,伸长(2.623±1.776) mm.矢状向位移无显著差异(P＞0.05),垂直向位移有显著差异(P＜0.05).②种植体支抗组上颌第一磨牙前移(0.608±1.045) mm,压低(0.720±0.805) mm,腭向移动(0.477±0.904) mm;传统口内支抗组上颌第一磨牙前移(1.503±0.945) mm,伸长(0.072±0.690) mm,腭向移动(0.883±0.752) mm.矢状向及垂直向位移均有显著差异(P＜0.05),横向位移无显著差异(P＞0.05).③2组之间颌骨及软组织指标的改变无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论:对于上颌前突患者,种植体支抗在上颌切牙的垂直向控制及支抗磨牙的矢状向、垂直向控制上优于传统口内支抗.     

个体化3D打印种植导板在多牙种植中的临床应用

目的:对3D打印种植导板和传统种植导板在多牙缺失种植中的效果进行观察,并评价患者的满意度.方法:30例(83颗牙)缺牙需种植的患者,用随机数字表法分为传统种植导板组(CIT组,15例,42颗牙)和3D打印种植导板组(TDPIT组,15例,41颗牙),CIT组患者采用传统种植导板,TDPIT组患者采用3D打印种植导板,比较2组患者植入种植体的颈部和尖部偏离值、种植体角度偏离值及角度满意度,术后1年牙周袋探诊深度、骨吸收情况及种植成功率.通过满意度问卷调查,比较2组患者对牙种植效果的满意度.采用SPSS19.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析.结果:TDPIT组种植体颈部和尖部在近远中向、颊舌向和垂直向3个方向的偏离值以及在近远中向和颊舌向2个方向的平均角度偏离值均显著小于CIT组(P＜0.05),且TDPIT组种植体在近远中向和颊舌向2个方向的角度满意度显著高于CIT组(P＜0.05).2组患者术后1年种植体牙周袋探诊深度及骨吸收情况无显著差异(t=1.144,P=0.256;t=1.063,P=0.291).2组患者术后3个月和6个月种植成功率无显著差异(P＞0.05),但术后随访9个月和1年,TDPIT组种植成功率显著高于CIT组(90.48％:100％,x2=4.102,P=0.043).满意度问卷调查显示,TDPIT组患者对种植的满意度显著高于CIT组(86.67％:53.33％,x2=3.968,P=0.046).结论:3D打印种植导板植入的种植体精度、种植成功率和患者满意度优于传统种植导板,适合推广应用.     

不同功率水冷激光对不同表面处理种植体结构影响的研究

目的:探索不同功率的水冷激光对于不同种植体表面的影响。方法:收集临床上因种植体周围炎而拔除的不同表面种植体,分别用2、3、4 W 3种不同参数的水冷激光处理,通过扫描电镜(SEM)进行观察比较。结果:SLA^?非亲水表面和INICELL^?表面3~4 W的激光处理既能很好的去污又不会造成表面损伤;Tiunite^?表面和国产MDIC种植体微弧氧化表面在2 W时去污效果欠佳,而3 W与4 W去污效果相当,4 W时会导致表面损伤。结论:随着功率的增大,水冷激光去污效果逐渐加强。不同激光参数对于不同种植体表面的影响不同,其中氧化类表面更易崩解,而喷砂酸蚀表面耐受激光的能力更强。