自身增强型可吸收材料治疗手足部骨折

目的评价自身增强型可吸收内固定材料治疗手足部骨折的效果.方法应用BIOFIX公司生产的自身增强型可吸收内固定材料对33例手、足部闭合性骨折实行内固定治疗,术后石膏外固定3周,观察治疗效果.结果随访9月-3年,33例骨折全部愈合,平均骨愈合时间松质骨8.8周,管状骨为11周,功能完全恢复,无并发症.结论自身增强型可吸收内固定材料可以替代金属材料治疗手足部骨折.     

三种皮下避孕埋植剂对脂代谢及免疫球蛋白的影响

 对放置了3种避孕理植剂（Norplant，Implanon，国产长效避孕皮下埋植剂）的33例（各11例）健康妇女的脂代谢及免疫球蛋白作了比较研究。结果表明（1）埋植（Norplant及国产长效避孕皮下埋植剂的妇女用药后血清总胆固醇下降，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇1年内下降，2年后又恢复到原水平。（2）放置Implanon的妇女血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇有上升的趋势，2年后比用药前明显升高。（3）33例妇女血清IgA，IgM，IgG用药前、后无明显差别。     

皮下埋植避孕185例临床总结

应用LNG皮下埋植剂185例控制生育,无1例妊娠,有效率100％。截至1996年3月30日,使用≥2年、≥1年,不足1年的累积终止使用率分别为0.54、2.16和6.48每百妇女。主要副反应为月经失调,也是终止使用的主要原因;但总失血量不多,对身体健康无明显影响。随着使用时间的延长,副反应逐渐减少,月经失调逐渐好转。埋植剂的放置和取出术容易掌握。185例中无感染和其它合并症。     

Application of physical surface methods to the study of the stability and structure of bone-metal interfaces

Summary The bonding mechanism between bone and metallic implants has been studied using specific surface techniques (ESCA, RHEED) and X-ray diffraction methods.The growth process of different metals commonly used in surgical implantation has been observed on human bone. We have shown that in the case of a bone-titanium interface an intermediate compound is built which is certainly contributing to its stability. In gold-bone interfaces, such a compound has not been observed, and growth seems less regular.

---

Application des méthodes de la physique des surfaces á l'étude de la stabilité et de la structure des interfaces os-métal

Résumé Le mécanisme de liaison entre os et implant métallique a été étudié en utilisant des techniques spécifiques des surfaces (spectrométrie des photo-électrons: ESCA; diffraction des électrons rapides: RHEED), et la diffraction des rayons X.Le processus de croissance de différents métaux utilisés en implantologie chirurgicale a été observé sur l'os humain. Nous avons pu montrer que dans le cas d'un interface os-titane, un composé intermédiaire est formé, composé favorisant certainement la stabilité de l'implant. Dans le cas d'un interface os-or, la croissance semble moins régulière, et un tel composé intermédiaire n'a pas pu être mis en évidence.

     

An improved model system for the study of bone repair

A model system for the study of bone repair has been developed which allows the recovery of repairing osseous tissue for qualitative and quantitative evaluation. Nylon tubes were implanted in the alveoli of extracted incisors in guinea pigs. A histological study of longitudinal sections showed that the nylon implants did not delay the reparative processes of the bony defect, could be dissected out and contained sufficient tissue to be used in biochemical studies.

---

Zusammenfassung Es wurde ein Modellsystem zum Studium der Knochenwiederherstellung entwickelt, mit Hilfe dessen man von dem sich wiederbildenden Knochengewebe Proben für die qualitative und quantitative Bestimmung entnehmen kann. Dazu wurden in die Alveolen extrahierter Schneidezähne von Meerschweinchen Nylonschläuchlein eingelegt. Die histologische Untersuchung von Längsschnitten zeigte, daß die Nylonimplantate den Wiederherstellungsprozeß des Knochendefektes nicht verzögerten, daß sie herauspräpariert werden konnten und genügend Gewebe enthielten, um für biochemische Untersuchungen verwendet zu werden.

---

Résumé Um modèle expérimental, destiné à l'étude de la cicatrisation osseuse, est mis au point. Il permet d'obtenir du tissu osseux pour des études qualitatives et quantitatives. Des tubes de nylon sont implantés dans l'alvéole d'incisives extraites de cobayes. Une étude histologique de coupes longitudinales montrent que les implants de nylon ne retardent pas la cicatrisation des lésions osseuses et contiennent suffisamment de tissus pour des études biochimiques.

     

Implant retention and removal after internal fixation of the symphysis pubis

Although internal fixation of diastasis of the symphysis pubis is commonly performed, there are no clear guidelines regarding the indications for removal of these implants. The long-term physiologic effects of retaining these internal fixation devices are not well described. We surveyed the literature to assess the current thinking and recommendations regarding implant retention and removal. Twenty-four case series and two case reports were found, for a total of 482 cases. Complications arose as a result of implant retention in 7.5% of patients, with infection the most common complication. There is no consensus in the literature regarding implant retention and removal after internal fixation of diastasis of the symphysis pubis.     

Contour of the Lower Third of the Face Using an Intramusculary Injectable Implant

Background The mandible contour plays a major role in the beauty and youthful look of the face. Few methods are available to create or recover facial contours. The author advocates the use of injectable polymethylmethacrylate microspheres suspended in a solution of sodium hyluronate 2%, D-1 propanodiol 10%, and apyrogenous solution 2.5 ml, applied by means of a minimally invasive procedure into deep anatomic planes. The biomatertal is injected in the muscle using microcannulas. .Methods A review of charts from January of 2001 to December of 2003 was undertaken to search the clinical outcomes from this therapy. Results This technique for contouring the lower third of the face has been used for 487 patients along 1,383 different sites. There were no significant complications. Conclusions Excellent results and a high degree of satisfaction were achieved among the patients and the medical staff.     

Depressed Bone Mineralization Following High Dose TGF-β1 Application in an Orthopedic Implant Model

Several previous studies of bone repair have shown 2- to 4-fold increases in bone formation following local delivery of exogenous transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). Here, we use quantitative backscatter electron microscopy to test the effect of TGF-β1 on mineralization of regenerated bone by examining tissue samples from a previously published canine study in which we found increased bone formation. In the experiment, the proximal humeri of 10 male canines were implanted bilaterally for 28 days with porous-coated implants in the presence of a 3 mm gap between the surface of the implant and the host bone. Implants placed in the left humeri were treated with TGF-β1 at a dose of either 120 μg (n = 5) or 335 μg (n = 5), and the implants placed in the contralateral humeri served as untreated controls. Quantitative backscatter scanning electron microscopy was used to assess the volume fraction of bone and its degree of mineralization in the 3 mm gaps. The calibrated grayscale mean and median values were depressed compared to the controls in the high dose group (p = 0.048 and p = 0.041, respectively), suggesting that high dose TGF-β delayed or inhibited mineralization of newly formed osteoid.     

Soft palate implants: a new option for treating habitual snoring

One hundred six patients with proven habitual snoring were each treated with three implants consisting of a cylindrical-shaped segment of braided polyester filaments (18 mm in length with an outer diameter of 1.5 mm) in the soft palate. The implants, pre-loaded in a single-use delivery tool, were inserted into the soft palate under local anesthesia. Along with the initial examination, follow-up exams were done after the treatment to test the safety and efficacy of the procedure. Snoring post treatment was reported as no snoring or slight/occasional in the majority of the cases after treatment. The results indicate there were no serious adverse events reported. The most frequent minor adverse events were partial extrusions in which the patient often presented a minor foreign body sensation along with mild transient pain. This data has demonstrated the procedure as a minimally invasive, relatively painless, simple procedure that has been shown to be safe and effective.     

儿童人工耳蜗植入的术前评估和术后康复

人工耳蜗作为帮助重度．深度听力障碍患者复聪的主要手段已被专业人员和公众所认识,在我国也有2000余人接受了耳蜗植入手术。随着临床耳蜗植入后随访观察工作的不断深入,当今人工耳蜗植入的适应证也进一步放宽．年龄标准放低．开展手术和康复的单位也在增加。2003年9月在长沙举办的中华医学会全国人工耳蜗专题学术会议上,多数与会学者充分认识到,在提高手术技能的同时,术前严格．全面的适应证选择以及术后适当及有效的康复训练和心理治疗是人工耳蜗成功的重要保证。