高温联合辐射对仔鼠神经系统与行为的影响

目的探讨高温联合辐射对仔鼠神经系统与行为的影响。方法将130只孕鼠按随机抽签法分为13组,每组10只。在孕鼠妊娠第8、9d分别接受60Co及γ-射线全身照射各1次,照射剂量1．0Gy;第10d各置温箱中,分别使其肛温保持在37、±0．5℃,41±0．5℃,42±0．5℃,并持续3、4、5min。移出温箱2h后,每组随机取5只,单笼饲养,待其自然分娩,观察仔鼠体格发育、生理发育、神经反射、活动能力等神经行为指标。结果孕鼠经高温联合辐射后,其仔鼠的生理发育、早期反射、感觉功能、活动能力均显著滞后于对照组(P<0．01)。结论高温联合辐射具有复合作用,可增强对仔鼠神经系统的不良影响。     

定量RT-PCR法对"苦参"在心肌炎模型中药效学研究

目的用定量RT-PCR法检测“苦参”中抗柯萨奇B病毒有效成份“抗柯注射液”,在Balb/c小鼠病毒性心肌炎模型病毒血症时,对抗“柯萨奇B病毒”的药效。 方法取48只雄性18-22g 8周龄的Balb/c小鼠,随机分成A-H共8组,每组6只。1.各治疗组(A-F组),每只小鼠从腹腔接种0.1ml l04TCID50 CVB3m病毒2h后,每天从尾静脉分别注射抗柯注射液,5、10、15、20、25、30mg/kg,2次/d,连续用药3d。2.病毒组(G组),注射病毒同上法,2h后从尾静脉注入0.3ml无菌生理盐水,2次/d,连续3d。3.空白对照组(H组),腹腔内注射无小牛血清的RPMI-1640培养液,2h后从尾静脉注入0.3ml无菌生理盐水,2次/d,连续3d。 结果 空白组CVB-RNA(-)对接种CVB3m感染后用不同剂量“抗柯注射液”治疗的各小组血液中CVB3m-RNA含量与病毒组相比明显下降,其抑制率(％)与所用抗柯注射液的剂量呈正比,即“抗柯”剂量增加,CVB3m-RNA含量下降的幅度亦增加,每天5-30mg,/kg中的各剂量都有明显抑制病毒增殖的作用。 结论用定量RT-PCR法检测到“抗柯注射液”对Balb/c小鼠病毒性心肌炎病毒血症时效果明显,最小有效剂量为5mg·kg-1·d-1。     

小型猪急性心肌梗死后心力衰竭模型的构建

目的研究开放拉长塑料细管法（OPS）对HBV转基因小鼠（P21^HBxPHBx）和白内障小鼠（cataract mice,cM）胚胎冷冻效果。方法采用乙二醇作为冷冻保护剂,以昆明小鼠为对照,用OPS法对CM及P21^HBxPHBx两种小鼠3．5d的胚胎进行玻璃化冷冻,并比较KM、CM及P21^HBxPHBx获得胚胎数,解冻后胚胎的复苏率及发育率。结果KM、CM及P21^HBxPHBx小鼠平均获得胚胎数分别为31．12、19．32、9．14枚;解冻后的复苏率分别为95．6％、79-3％、80．3％;发育率分别为94．7％、73．8％、56．6％。表明HBV转基因小鼠的获得胚胎数明显低于昆明小鼠,解冻后三种小鼠的胚胎复苏率之间无显著差别,而解冻后发育率,P21^HBxPHBx小鼠要明显低于KM小鼠。结论转基因小鼠超排数及解冻后发育率低于昆明小鼠,而白内障模型小鼠和昆明小鼠比较不显著。     

BDNF Is Needed for Postnatal Maturation of Basal Forebrain and Neostriatum Cholinergic Neurons In Vivo

Neurotrophins regulate survival, neurite outgrowth, and phenotypic maturation of developing neurons. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) can promote the survival of developing cholinergic forebrain neurons in vitro and reduce their degeneration following injury in adult rats. We investigated the role of endogenous BDNF during postnatal development of these cholinergic neurons by analyzing homozygous BDNF-deficient (−/−) mice and their littermates (+/+, +/−). At P6, the number of choline acetyltransferase- (ChAT) positive neurons in the medial septum was 23% lower in BDNF−/− mice, although their brain and body weight was normal. At P15, control (+/+) littermates had 45% more and 45% larger ChAT-positive neurons and a much denser cholinergic hippocampal innervation than at P6, indicative of maturation of the septohippocampal system. In BDNF−/− mice, the number, size, and ChAT-immunostaining intensity of the cholinergic neurons remained the same between P6 and P15 (few mice survive longer). BDNF−/− mice had about three times more TUNEL-labeled (a marker of apoptosis) cells in the medial septum at P6, consistent with (but not proof of) the possibility that the cholinergic neurons were dying. The cholinergic hippocampal innervation in BDNF−/− mice expanded to a lesser extent than in controls and had reduced levels of acetylcholinesterase staining at P15. The developmental deficits were largely similar in the neostriatum of BDNF−/− mice. These findings suggest that BDNF is critical for postnatal development and maturation of cholinergic forebrain neurons.     

玉米活性肽对辐射防护作用的研究

目的:观察玉米活性肽对X线照射正常机体造血功能的保护作用。方法:观察20只NIH小鼠按对照组(正常饲料)、给药组(含玉米活性肽30g/100g饲料)进行照射3d后血象的改变(能量6mVX线,剂量6Gy,面积30 cm×30 cm),和2周后血象的恢复情况。结果:放疗后与放疗前比较,3d后对照组与给药组的白细胞均明放疗后与放疗前比较,3d后对照组与给药组的白细胞均明显降低,并且MDA升高,SOD活性下降。2周后与放疗前比较,SOD活性恢复,MDA降低,给药组与对照组白细胞数得到恢复,给药组白细胞增加明显,与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。血色素水平于照后3d变化不大,14d后降低明显。试验组与对照组无差别。血小板在照后3d时无明显变化,但2周后下降明显,给药组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:玉米活性肽可能通过提高小鼠抗氧化水平,对X线照射小鼠造血功能具有防护作用。     

小鼠胰岛与血管关系的研究

本文在观察小鼠胰腺HE、免疫组织化学、硝酸银-醛复红-铅苏木素染色切片标本中,发现小鼠胰岛与胰岛外血管的关系极其密切。     

Effects of micronized okara dietary fiber on cecal microbiota,serum cholesterol and lipid levels in BALB/c mice

Abstract

Micronized by a dry grinding method (D-ODF) or a wet granulating method (W-ODF), okara dietary fiber (ODF), was fed to BALB/c mice for 28?d. The water holding capacity of D-ODF and W-ODF was significantly enhanced after micronization. W-ODF had a larger swell capacity and a higher content of soluble dietary fiber than crude ODF and D-ODF. After feeding for 28?d, the populations of Escherichia coli and Lactobacilli in the cecum were significantly lower and higher in the W-ODF group than other groups, respectively, while the population of Bifidobacterium increased in all groups. The effect of each diet on the population of E. coli. Lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium was all maintained for a short period of time except that the effectiveness of W-ODF diet on the Bifidobacterium population lasted slightly longer than other diets. At the end of the feeding period, serum total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride in D-ODF and W-ODF diets were significantly lower and HDL-C/TC ratio was significantly higher than those in crude ODF.     

Introducing the clusterin gene into human renal cell carcinoma cells enhances their metastatic potential

PURPOSE: We recently reported a protective role of clusterin expression against apoptosis induced by a wide variety of stimuli in several human cancer models. In the current study we tested the hypothesis that clusterin over expression confers a benefit for the metastasis of renal cell carcinoma through the inhibition of apoptosis induced by the various obstacles the cancer cells may confront after detachment from their primary origin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We introduced clusterin complementary DNA into human renal cell carcinoma ACHN cells, which do not express detectable level of clusterin expression, and generated the clusterin over expressing cell line ACHN/CL and the control vector only transfected cell line ACHN/C. In vitro anti-cell death activity under anchorage independent conditions among ACHN sublines was examined by limiting dilution assay and cell survival assay in suspension. To investigate the in vivo effects of clusterin over expression on metastatic potentials each cell line was injected into the tail vein or renal subcapsule of nonobese diabetic, severe combined immunodeficient mice and the metastatic features in all abdominal and thoracic organs were evaluated. RESULTS: ACHN/CL showed significantly enhanced growth in limiting dilution cultures compared with ACHN/C. The analysis of cell survival in the floating assay also revealed that ACHN/CL had a powerful survival advantage in suspension compared with ACHN/C. Furthermore, ACHN/CL formed more than 5-fold as many metastatic nodules in the lung after intravenous injection than ACHN/C. Similarly more marked lung metastasis was observed after implanting ACHN/CL cells into the renal subcapsule than after implanting ACHN/C cells. In contrast, there were no significant differences among ACHN sublines in the growth rates in vitro and in vivo, cell motility or invasive ability. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that, if clusterin is over expressed, it prolongs cell survival under unfavorable conditions in the metastatic process, resulting in the enhanced metastatic potential of renal cell carcinoma.