Behavioral effects of d-amphetamine and caffeine in the squirrel monkey

Four Squirrel monkeys were trained on a bar-press response with reinforcement available every 80 sec. The effects of d-amphetamine and caffeine upon this response were studied in both light and dark. In addition to differential drug effects it was found that both illumination and sex of the subjects were important variables.     

A method for evaluating behavioral activity in Rana pipiens induced by changes in illumination

The method involved: (a) using the change in level of illumination to determine the start of the time base; (b) recycling the illumination conditions with sessions; and, (c) averaging activity scores within corresponding minutes across cycles. Frogs were generally more active in the light than in the dark when subjected to sufficiently long light and dark periods; several minutes were required to stabilize the activity levels after illumination changes. The lateral eyes had to be functional for the animals to respond relatively rapidly to illumination changes while the lateral eyes were not essential for general activation in the presence of a changing illuminated environment.     

铜绿微囊藻的生长及产毒条件研究

目的研究温度、光照、氮磷浓度对铜绿微囊藻的生长及微囊藻毒素LR产生的影响.方法采用BG-11为培养基,通过计数藻细胞来反映其生长特性,用高效液相色谱法测定微囊藻毒素LR产量,观察不同温度(20～35℃)、光照(2000～5000 lx)、氮(71.4～1300.0μmol/L)、磷(1.43～71.40μmol/L)浓度对铜绿微囊藻的生长及微囊藻毒素LR产生的影响.结果铜绿微囊藻在25℃和3000 lx时生长最快,但细胞内产毒量却分别在20℃和5000 lx时达到最大值;在固定磷浓度(6.50μmol/L)的培养条件下,铜绿微囊藻细胞数和毒素产量均随氮浓度的升高而增加,在650.0μmol/L时达到最高峰,继续增高则有抑制作用;在固定氮浓度的培养条件下(71.4μmol/L),磷浓度为1.43 μmol/L时细胞生长较慢,浓度达到6.50μmol/L时细胞生长加速,但浓度进一步加大,藻细胞生长曲线无明显变化,产毒量也未见明显不同;同时,微囊藻毒素-LR浓度与藻细胞数和叶绿素含量之间均存在明显的正相关关系.结论铜绿微囊藻的最佳生长条件并不等同于其最佳产毒条件;磷是一种限制性营养因子,较低浓度就可满足藻类生长及产毒需要;适合铜绿微囊藻生长和产毒的氮磷比是100:1(原子数比);可通过细胞计数或测定叶绿素含量来预测水中微囊藻毒素-LR的总浓度.     

外界条件的改变对红花离体培养的影响

目的 研究外界培养条件的变化对红花离体培养过程中不同发育阶段培养物的影响.方法 以红花种子诱导的无菌苗子叶为外植体,分别接种至含有不同碳氮源、不同PH值、不同温度、不同湿度和不同光照的培养基中,观察其生长情况.结果 通过实验筛选出蔗糖浓度为3%,KNO_3浓度为MS培养基中KNO_3浓度的2倍,最佳pH为6.2,红花离体培养体系在24℃,30%的相对湿度,16 h光照,8 h黑暗交替培养的条件下,最利于红花的分化.结论 3%的蔗糖作为碳源,最适合愈伤组织的生长;2倍于MS培养基中的KNO_3含量有利于愈伤组织的生长和不定芽的分化;pH值为6.2时,最适宜红花不同阶段培养物的生长;24℃为红花离体培养的最适温度,生根时的温度为21℃较好;湿度为50%时,适于愈伤组织鲜重积累,30%的湿度适于不定芽分化和生根;黑暗培养利于鲜重积累,16 h光照,8 h黑暗交替培养有利于不定芽的分化,8 h光照,16 h黑暗交替培养有利于生根.     

陕西省血液中心LED节能灯具改造分析

目的:为降低中心血站照明能耗,对隔栅灯具及其他传统灯具进行改造,并保证相同或相近的照度.方法:选择更换不同功率的LED节能灯,并用功率分析仪对改造前后的灯具功率分别进行测试.结果:改造后各种灯具节电50.01%~76.75%,其中60×60格栅灯改造更换成LED节能灯后,节电达76.75%,是所有灯具改造中最高的;9 W节能灯更换为4 W LED节能灯后,节电50.01%,是所有改造中最低的;平均电费降低65.46%.本次灯具改造共花费12.1108万元,改造后每年节约电费15.44万元,不到10个月收回全部改造成本,并得到政府节能专项补助5万元.结论:LED节能灯照明效果较好,质量可靠,改造后节电效果显著     

中西医结合配合光子照射治疗黄褐斑的疗效观察

目的:探索中西医结合配合光子照射治疗黄褐斑的新方法。方法:口服低剂量的氨甲环酸片和中药,并配合光子照射对639例黄褐斑患者进行综合治疗,观察治疗后的临床疗效。结果:随访639例患者18个月。18个月后基本治愈者195例,占30.52%;明显消退者306例,占47.89%;好转者129例,占20.19%;无效者9例,占1.4%。除19例(2.97%)患者出现月经量减少,33例(5.16%)患者出现轻度胃肠道反应以外,均未见其他明显的不良反应。结论:中西医结合配合光子照射治疗黄褐斑安全、有效,可临床推广应用。     

环境照度对用显示器视读CR影像信息的影响

目的：测试环境照度对用显示器视读CR影像信息的影响。方法：请6名有经验的医学影像诊断医师，在不同环境照度下用显示器视读标准体模TRG的CR影像，获得制作ROC曲线的原始数据，以比较影像信息量多少的ROC曲线面积值Az。结果：在环境照度为100Lx、显示器亮度为60cd/m^2时视读的CR影像上获得ROC曲线面积Az=0.8661，分别比环境照度为12Lx、40Lx、180Lx时的多8%、3%和11%；在环境照度为100Lx、显示器亮度为100cd/m^2时视读的CR影像上获得的ROC曲线面积Az=0.8250，分别比环境照度为12Lx、40Lx、180Lx时的多13%、1%和8%。结论：在同一显示器亮度下视读，环境照度为100Lx时获得的ROC曲线面积Az值最大。     

The effects of d-amphetamine and illumination on behaviors of the squirrel monkey

A behavioral classification and scoring procedure was developed for observing specific responses of squirrel monkeys. The observational procedure along with the photocell method of measuring general activity were then employed to examine the effects of illumination and d-amphetamine on the behavior of squirrel monkeys. It was found that d-amphetamine decreased the incidence of those behaviors seen normally under light conditions while it increased the frequency of behaviours normally seen in the dark.     

姜黄素联合光照对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞线粒体膜电位的影响

目的:研究在光照和避光条件下姜黄素(CUR)对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞线粒体膜电位的影响,探讨CUR诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的机制及CUR作为光动力学治疗肿瘤新型光敏剂的可能性。方法:体外培养的MCF-7细胞加CUR后光照和避光处理24h,激光共聚焦显微镜检测线粒体膜电位变化。结果:经CUR24h处理后,MCF-7细胞避光组(0、5、20μmol/LCUR)、光照组(0、5μmol/LCUR)线粒体膜电位分别为(3.66±0.93)、(3.62±0.68)、(0.42±0.18)、(3.40±0.88)、(0.54±0.16),除避光5μmol/L组外,其余各处理组的线粒体膜电位较各对照组均显著下降(P<0.01),且光照5μmol/LCUR组较避光5μmol/L CUR组线粒体膜电位显著下降(P<0.01)。结论:CUR在避光及光照条件下诱导细胞凋亡均与线粒体途径有关。     

Biochemical aspects of the visual process

Summary The⁸⁶Rb efflux from isolated Sepia retina incubated in artificial sea water was raised 1.7–4.8 fold upon illumination with light of intensities ranging from 5×10¹² to 5.6×10¹⁵ effective photons/cm²/sec. There was a simultaneous fall of 6% in the rubidium content.Addition of retinaldehyde (10^–4M) or dinitrofluorobenzene (2×10^–3 M) gave 45% and 35% increases in the dark efflux rate. Retinol (10^–4 M) gave a smaller effect and retinoic acid (10^–4 M) was without effect.The presence of ouabain (10^–4 M) reduced the effect of light on the efflux rate. This effect could be explained by the decreased rubidium concentration gradient across the membrane.