建立人微小病毒B19的PCR检测方法

人微小病毒Ｂ１９是微小病毒科中唯一能感染人的病毒。能够提供Ｂ１９抗原的病毒体外培养系统尚未建成，因此限制了血清学实验的开发和普及。为此作者建立起Ｂ１９病毒的ＰＣＲ检测方法。设计引物在表达外壳蛋白ＶＰ１基因区，扩增长度为４００ｂｐ。     

Human monocyte-derived hemangioma-like endothelial cells: evidence from an in vitro study

BACKGROUNDS: Hemangiomas are highly prevalent in newborns and infants and can lead to severe complications. However, the pathogenesis of hemangiomas is still unknown. This study was designed to examine the potential of human monocytes to differentiate into hemangioma endothelial cells. METHODS: Purified monocytes from adult human peripheral blood were cultured under a conditional culture environment supplemented with basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor. Cells cultured for 2 weeks were subjected to histological and immunochemical examinations in order to determine the expression of specific markers for hemangioma endothelial cells. RESULTS: Monocytes cultured for 2 weeks in angiogenic medium expressed human erythrocyte-type glucose transporter protein, FcgammaRII, and several other endothelial markers, all of which are deemed specific markers for hemangioma endothelial cells. However, neither CD133 nor alpha smooth muscle actin was detected in our monocyte culture. CONCLUSION: Our data suggested that monocytes are capable of differentiating into hemangioma endothelial cells under the angiogenic stimulation from microenvironment of proliferative hemangioma.     

Ultrastructural morphometric analysis of human myocardial left ventricles with mitral insufficiency

Summary 15 biopsies of dilated and hypertrophied human left ventricles in mitral insufficient hearts were morphometrically investigated. On light and electron microscopical level the results were compared with those received from normally loaded human left ventricles and from hypertrophied human left ventricles found in hearts with aortic valve disease. The results demonstrate alterations when compared with the results from normally loaded left ventricles. The differences between normally loaded and volume loaded left ventricles are smaller than those in pressure loaded left ventricles from aortic valve diseased hearts.This work was supported gratefully by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, SFB 104     

Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization of the androgen receptor in the developing human prostate

 As it is suggested that the androgen receptor mechanism is required for prostatic development, we attempted to determine the appearance, expression and distribution of the androgen receptor in embryonic, infantile and pubertal human prostate. Using mono- and polyclonal antibodies and a digoxigenin-labeled 713 bp riboprobe, the androgen receptor expression in paraffin sections of fetal, infantile, and pubertal prostates was studied at the protein and RNA level. Under highly standardized conditions, application of the polyclonal antibodies resulted in a weak cytoplasmic and nuclear labeling of the epithelium of fetal glands. No immunoreaction was obtained with monoclonal antibodies. Applying the polyclonal antibody to pubertal and adult specimens, immunoreactivity of the androgen receptor was positive in nuclei of adluminal and basal epithelial cells, in interstitial and vascular smooth muscle cells and vascular endothelium, whereas ganglionic cells and enteroendocrine cells were negative. In situ hybridization with the digoxigenin-labeled riboprobe gave clear positive results already in epithelium of very young fetal specimens. A semiquantitative visual evaluation of in situ hybridizations showed that intermediate intensity of expression was increased in pubertal and adult specimens, whereas strong expression was reduced in prostatic epithelium. Conclusions: The essential findings are: (1) an early expression of androgen receptor mRNA in the fetal prostate; (2) no immunoreaction of monoclonal antibodies against the androgen receptor in the same specimens, (3) a decrease of androgen receptor mRNA expression, but increase in immunoreactivity of the androgen receptor protein with the onset of glandular maturation during puberty. Accepted: 29 September 1997     

Distribution of neuropeptide Y in the prosencephalon of man and Cotton-head Tamarin (Saguinus oedipus): colocalization with somatostatin in neurons of striatum and amygdala

Summary The presence, chromatographic properties and localization of neuropeptide Y was demonstrated in postmortem human brain areas of neurologically and neuropsychiatrically normative controls using immunocytochemistry and high performance liquid chromatography combined with radioimmunoassay. NPY-immunoreactivity was found in many regions of the prosencephalon. Numerous perikarya and fibers were present in the neocortex, basal ganglia and limbic-hypothalamic areas. A moderate number of neurons and fibers was observed in the basal forebrain, including the septal complex. A comparative immunohistochemical investigation in perfusion-fixed brains of the old-world ape Saguinus oedipus revealed an almost identical distribution of NPY-immunoreactivity with only minor differences. Colocalization experiments on 1–2 m thin consecutive paraffin sections revealed a large number of NPY neurons throughout the human neostriatum and amygdaloid complex that were also positive for somatostatin. Our findings indicate that detection of neuropeptides in fresh or fixed post-mortem human tissue by different immunochemical methods may actually reflect the in vivo conditions. In addition, the wide distribution of NPY throughout the human brain and its colocalization with other neurotransmitters suggests a physiological role as neuroactive substance, i.e. neuromodulator in the primate central nervous system.     

小儿喉乳头状瘤HPV-DNA及体液免疫检测

目的：探讨小儿喉乳头状瘤（ＪＬＰ）人乳头瘤病毒（ＨＰＶ）感染途径及发病机理。方法：采用ＰＣＲ及ＰＣＲ产物斑点杂交技术检测ＪＬＰ组织ＨＰＶ－ＤＮＡ;散射免疫比浊法测定血清Ｉｇ及补体Ｃ３。结果：ＪＬＰ组织ＨＰＶ总感染率为９５％（１９／２０）,其中ＨＰＶ。型为５５％（１１／２０）,ＨＰＶ１１为３０％（６／２０）,ＨＰＶ６＋１１型为１０％（２／２０）;ＪＬＰ患者血清ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＭ、Ｃ３值正常,对照     

关于人类基因组密码全面破译的伦理思考

人类基因组密码的破译是人类科学史上的一次革命,同时也带来一系列社会伦理道德的挑战,这些挑战包括基因歧视、基因隐私权的保护、基因治疗的滥用、优生学的担忧等,笔者认为需要制定相关的法律法规来迎接这些挑战。