输精管结扎干扰前列腺增生过程的机制探讨——精浆睾酮双氢睾酮的放射免疫测定

本文应用放射免疫测定的方法检测了13例输精管结扎后(平均15.3年,平均年龄50岁)的男性精浆双氢睾酮和睾酮的浓度,另取同年龄组男性13例作为对照。结果表明,精浆睾酮在结扎组(374.54p/ml)和正常对照组(315.64Pg/ml)中没有明显差异,而结扎组精浆中双氢睾酮(46.21pg/ml)却明显低子对照组(184.27pg/ml(p<0.01)。作者认为,输精管结扎对精浆DHT有长期影响,这可能是其对前列腺增生过程产生抑制作用的原因之一。     

妇科疾病中人乳头瘤病毒感染的分子流行病学调查

目的:探讨各种妇科疾病与人乳头瘤病毒感染的关系,建立不同妇科疾病和不同年龄段妇女人乳头瘤病毒感染的流行病学资料库。方法:应用反向点杂交技术分别对疾病组1 512例病人标本和正常组500例标本进行HPV检测,所得数据用SPSS 13.0软件包进行统计分析。结果:正常组500例标本中,阳性标本101例,感染率为20.2%,疾病组1 512例标本中,阳性标本523例,感染率为34.6%,其中双重感染82例,占阳性标本的15.7%,多重感染34例,占阳性标本的6.5%,而高危感染340例,感染率为22.5%,占阳性标本的65.0%,其中单纯HPV16亚型感染155例,占所有阳性标本的29.6%;不同年龄段、不同性生活史、不同妇科疾病以及不同首次性生活年龄的HPV感染检出率都有显著性差异。结论:正常组和疾病组的HPV感染率有显著性差异(2χ=36.37,P<0.01)。在HPV感染的普查中可以有重点的选择高危人群,这样更加有针对性,从而大大降低普查成本。     

高原地区部队医院谋求新发展应处理好七个关系

从高原部队医院实际出发,阐述了适应新形势谋求新发展应处理好的七个关系:即继承与创新的关系;坚持“姓军为兵的服务方向与对外有偿服务的关系;基础建设与人才建设的关系;日常医疗保障与科研的关系;发挥自身特色与学习借鉴的关系;硬件建设与软件建设的关系;科技研究与成果转化的关系。     

不同保存方法对肌腱生物力学特征的影响

目的　分析 5种常用的肌腱保存方法对肌腱生物力学的影响。从生物力学的角度寻找最佳的保存方法 ,用于指导临床肌腱移植。方法　采用 5 0只健康白色Leghorn鸡 ,随机分成 5组 ,建立 2 ,3 ,4爪浅屈肌腱做供体模型。分别采用常用的保存组织方法 :低温冷藏 ,70 %酒精 ,10 %福尔马林 ,85 %甘油。结果　低温冷藏组在最大抗拉伸力Pmax及最大延伸率δmax与新鲜肌腱组比较 ,无明显差异。酒精组、85 %甘油组最大抗拉伸力较高 ,而福尔马林组最低。结论　低温冷藏的方法保存肌腱 ,从生物力学角度考虑是最佳的保存方法     

Inward rectifying potassium channels in human malignant glioma cells

Human glioma cells obtained from established cell lines (Tp-276MG, Tp-301MG, Tp-378MG, Tp-483MG and U-251MG) were analyzed for the presence of ion channels with the tight-seal voltage clamp technique. The current-voltage relation revealed a marked inward rectification at hyperpolarizing voltages, due to the presence of inward rectifying K-channels in cells from all studied cell lines. These channels were conducting when the membrane potential was more negative than the K-equilibrium potential. The slope conductance for the inward K-currents (g_Ki) was affected both by [K⁺]_i and [K⁺]₀. g_Ki was proportional to [K⁺]₀ raised to 0.35 or 0.50, of which the larger value was measured in the presence of low [K⁺]_i (25mM). The rectification was not significantly different in cells perfused with Mg-free EDTA-buffered internal solution. Tl⁺ was 3.5 times more permaant than K⁺. g_ki was blocked by Cs⁺ (1 mM) in a voltage-dependent way (more effective in the hyperpolarized membrane), and by Na⁺ (154 mM) depending on voltage and time. From measurements of unitary current events in membrane patches (outside out or cell attached) the conductance of the single inward rectifying channel was estimated to be 27 ± 7 pS. This type of ion channel may be important for K-uptake by glial cells and hence for the K-homeostasis in the brain.     

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of seven 50 mg and 100 mg nitrofurantoin tablets

Four 50 mg and three 100 mg marketed nitrofurantoin tablets were studied in 14 healthy male subjects. Urine was collected 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 23 h after each dose, and nitrofurantoin was assayed by HPLC. The in vitro dissolution of the tablets was determined using USP Apparatus 1 and 2, with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid and pH 7.2 buffer as the dissolution fluids. One of the 50 mg tablets was more rapidly and completely absorbed than the other six products. The incidence of side-effects for this product was as low or lower than the other products. It was determined that the use of the USP Apparatus 1, at 100 rev min-1, with sampling of the pH 7.2 fluid at 30 min, provided for the best overall relationship between the urinary excretion and in vitro dissolution.     

Route of lymphocyte migration through the high endothelial venule (HEV) in human palatine tonsil

Eleven palatine tonsils were collected from subjects who underwent tonsillectomy in Christian Medical College Hospital and the route of migration of lymphocytes through the high endothelial vessel was studied under EM. In the interendothelial route, migration of a lymphocyte through HEV wall began with the adhesion of a lymphocyte to the surface of endothelial cells by means of a short cytoplasmic projection in the vicinity of intercellular space. The projection extended into the cleft between adjacent endothelial cells. The lymphocyte migrated through HEV by diapedesis. After the lymphocyte had traversed the interendothelial space, it occupied the subendothelial space. In the transendothelial route, migration of a lymphocyte through HEV was initiated by adherence of the lymphocyte to the endothelial cell. The adherent lymphocyte compressed or invaginated into the cytoplasm of the endothelial cell, entered the endothelial cell, was completely enclosed within the endothelial cell cytoplasm, and emerged from the endothelial cell to occupy the subendothelial space. Evidence is presented from static transmission electron microscopic pictures for the migration of lymphocytes by both interendothelial and transendothelial routes through the high endothelial venule.     

Non-invasive dynamic assessment of the elasticity of intracranial structures

The dynamics of the speed of transcranial propagation of ultrasonic impulses has been established in humans. The possibility of detecting the changes in mechanical state of intracranial structures by dynamic measurement of the time of transcranial propagation of ultrasonic impulses (TUPT) has been ascertained for 10 healthy persons and 11 patients with different neurological pathology. The cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP) was simultaneously monitored for 4 of the patients. Spontaneous fluctuations in TUPT and the changes caused by jugular veins, inferior vena cava compression, hyperventilation and temporary retention of breathing were detected for all investigated subjects. Spontaneous TUPT changes in the range of 0.25-0.85 x 10(-4) of initial mean value, which are related with cardiac and respiratory cycles, have been found in healthy persons while in patients they ranged from 0.07 x 10(-4) to 4.5 x 10(-4) of mean time. In healthy persons bilateral jugular vein compression leads to a decrease in TUPT by 1.8-3.0 x 10(-4), while the compression of inferior vena cava gives an increase in TUPT by 1.6-2.6 x 10(-4). Changes in TUPT during these maneuvers in neurological patients were found to be of different amplitude and direction. The rise of CSFP by 8.4-20.2 mmHg (mean 12.4 mmHg) was observed in 4 investigated patients during the compression of jugular veins or during the inferior vena cava compression, while the changes in TUPT obtained during each of such maneuvers were of opposite character. The results suggest that dynamic evaluation of acoustic impedance of intracranial system reflects the changes in the mechanical state of brain parenchyma.     

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected children

We describe the clinical and pathological findings of the hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in two children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Both patients presented with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and subsequently developed renal failure. The diagnosis of HUS was confirmed by renal histopathology in both patients. None of these children presented with bloody diarrhea, evidence of circulating antibody response to Escherichia coli O157 lipopolysaccharide, or other known risk factors for HUS, except for the presence of HIV infection. Each patient was treated with intravenous plasma infusion and renal replacement therapy. Their clinical course was characterized by non-oliguria and lack of significant hypertension throughout the acute phase of the disease. Despite these favorable clinical parameters, both patients developed end-stage renal failure. The etiology of this atypical HUS characterized by poor renal survival remains unknown and the role of HIV infection in its pathogenesis, although possible, is unclear. Received March 5, 1996; received in revised form and accepted October 15, 1996