Cell surface molecules of human teratoma cell lines

Conventional antisera, monoclonal antibodies and lectins have been used to investigate the cell surface composition of several human teratoma-derived cell lines. This review summarizes our current knowledge obtained from such investigations and uses the information available on murine teratocarcinoma systems as a framework for discussion to compare and contrast the human and murine systems. The potential application of antibodies directed against cell surface molecules in such techniques as in vivo tumour imaging and drug targeting is also discussed.     

带膜金属支架治疗食管癌术后胸内吻合口瘘的临床研究

目的探讨镍钛记忆合金带膜内支架在治疗食管癌术后胸内吻合口瘘中的应用价值。方法在X线电视透视下对22例食管癌术后胸内吻合口瘘患者进行镍钛记忆合金带膜内支架植入治疗。结果19例一次植入成功，成功率86％，恢复正常饮食；不完全封堵瘘口3例（14％）；16例术后出现轻度的胸骨后疼痛不适或胃液反流的症状；1例出现上消化道大出血。22例病人均治愈出院，治愈率100％。结论镍钛记忆合金带膜内支架植入治疗食管癌术后胸内吻合口瘘成功率高，治愈率高，操作简单，安全，见效快，并发症少，有效解除患者痛苦，宜在临床上推广使用。     

芦沙坦对轻、中度高血压病患者血小板活化和肾功能的影响

目的 :研究芦沙坦对轻、中度高血压病患者血小板活化和肾功能的影响 ,并探讨血小板活化和高血压性肾损害的关系。方法 :6 0例轻、中度高血压病患者随机分为两组 ,分别接受芦沙坦、氨氯地平治疗 3个月。治疗前后检测尿蛋白排泄率 (UAER)、血浆α颗粒膜蛋白 (GMP 14 0 )、血尿素氮 (BUN)、血肌酐 (Bcr)和肌酐清除率 (CCR)。结果 :①治疗后两组患者血压均明显下降 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,GMP 14 0和UAER均显著降低 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,BUN ,Bcr,CCR无明显变化 ;②两组患者治疗前、治疗后UAER与GMP 14 0呈显著正相关 (r分别为 0 6 9和 0 4 8) ,与血压下降无显著相关。结论 :①芦沙坦、氨氯地平能有效地控制轻、中度高血压病患者血压 ,减轻早期高血压性肾损害 ;②推测该药可能通过抑制血小板活化而对肾功能产生保护作用     

The development of anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis in two children with Alport's syndrome after renal transplantation: characterization of the antibody target

Two children with Alport's syndrome are described, who developed anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibody-mediated nephritis after renal transplantation. The reactivity of antibodies in their serum with collagenase-solubilized normal GBM was examined by SDS-PAGE with one- and two-dimensional immunoblotting. The specificity was compared with that of antibodies present in serum from a patient with Goodpasture's syndrome, and a mouse monoclonal antibody (MCA-P1), directed against the Goodpasture antigen. All reacted in a similar way with collagenase-solubilized GBM. Since abnormalities in the composition of the GBM are present in Alport's syndrome, it is proposed that differing antigen composition of GBM in the host compared with the donor kidney, together with transplant rejection, may have provoked the development of post-transplant anti-GBM antibodies.     

体外膜肺联合血液滤过治疗肺肾衰竭的实验研究

目的 观察体外膜氧合器（ECMO）联合高容量血液滤过（HVHF）对急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）、急性肾功能衰竭（ARF）的治疗作用。 方法 采用实验犬32只，随机分为A、B、C、D 4组。静脉注射油酸复制ARDS模型及双侧输尿管结扎复制急性肾功能衰竭模型。A组用ARDS呼吸机治疗；B组ARDS用ECMO治疗；C组ARDS＋ARF用HVHF治疗；D组ARDS＋ARF用ECMO联合HVHF治疗。监测血气、血流动力学以及血生化等指标。 结果 治疗后B组氧分压（PaO2）逐步上升，在治疗4 h后高于A组[（95.58±8.14） 比（82.79±12.37） mm Hg，P < 0.05]； C组PaO2治疗中较成模时无明显改善；D组PaO2呈逐渐上升趋势，在各时间点均高于C组（P < 0.05）。各组血流动力学指标在治疗中保持稳定。C、D组HVHF治疗后Scr、BUN明显降低[C组：Scr (320.89±65.42) 比(655.04±181.22) μmol/L，BUN (20.42±6.65) 比（41.53±10.59）mmol/L；D组：Scr (334.15±45.97)比（697.48±101.66） μmol/L，BUN (19.12±6.39) 比（39.10±11.60） mmol/L，P均< 0.01]。 结论 ECMO可以有效地改善ARDS低氧血症，联合HVHF可以提供肺肾功能联合支持。     

基因转移FasL治疗人黑素瘤的实验研究

目的探讨体内外基因转移F as配体(F as-ligand,F asL)对恶性人黑素瘤细胞凋亡的影响。方法用携带人F asL cDNA的缺陷型重组腺病毒(A d-F asL),在体外转导两株黑素瘤细胞,并使其表达;通过流式细胞仪、RT-PCR法进行F as/F asL表达检测,TUNEL法及荧光显微镜相关凋亡检测、分析。建立人黑素瘤裸鼠模型,并对其进行体内疗效观察及病理学检查。结果流式细胞仪和RT-PCR检测两株黑素瘤细胞表面均表达F as,不表达F asL,而A d-F asL转导的两株黑素瘤细胞均能表达F asL;A d-F asL能显著诱导两株黑素瘤细胞在体外凋亡或抑制其生长。体内疗效观察黑素瘤荷瘤鼠模型治疗组瘤重(0.48±0.16)g与对照组瘤重(1.02±0.19)g相比,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。肿瘤组织形态学检查,治疗组可见肿瘤细胞凋亡坏死区及炎性细胞浸润。结论F asL基因重组腺病毒在体内外均具有显著诱导人黑素瘤细胞凋亡的效果。     

慢性肾衰竭血液透析患者心理卫生状况调研

目的 :了解慢性肾衰竭血透患者的心理卫生状况。方法 :用SCL - 90量表对 6 5名慢性血透患者进行测量 ,测量结果与国内正常人群进行比较 ,并对该人群心理问题发生率作出估计。结果 :血透患者的SCL - 90总分(14 9.4 6± 5 0 .88)分 ,总均分 (1.6 6± 0 .5 7)分 ,阳性项目数 (34.0 3± 2 3.0 7)个 ,阳性均分 (2 .4 6± 0 .84 )分 ,在本组人群中心理障碍的检出率为 15 .38% ,男性与女性之间无差异 (χ2 =0 .0 0 4 ,P >0 .0 5 ) ,血透患者组的SCL - 90因子分中躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、精神病性、强迫、敌意和恐怖因子与国内正常人群有差异 (P <0 .0 5～ 0 .0 0 1)。结论 :慢性肾衰竭血透患者的心理卫生状况明显低于国内正常人群 ,其中 15 .38%的患者存在心理障碍 ,主要以躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、精神病性为主 ,对躯体疾病的治疗中应兼顾心理问题的诊断与治疗     

In-situ measurements of gas permeability in fuel cell membranes using a cylindrical microelectrode

A new method to study permeation of gases in proton conducting membranes using a cylindrical microelectrode is presented. The focus of this work was to develop an in-situ method to study transport properties of hydrogen and oxygen close to real fuel cell operating conditions. The gas permeability is strongly affected by the change of water content in the membrane and it is therefore of advantage that, by using this method, measurements can be carried out over a wide range of relative humidities. The numerical method makes it possible to separate the diffusion coefficient and the concentration of dissolved gas in the membrane and also allows kinetic limitations to be taken into account. Chronoamperometric measurements on Nafion® 117 were successfully evaluated numerically. Experiments at temperatures of 25 and 60 °C with respect to oxygen permeation and at 60 °C for hydrogen permeation at relative humidities in the range 30–94% are presented. The reproducibility of data was excellent when measuring with different microelectrodes on the same membrane sample, but differed when measuring on different samples. In general, the permeability increases with increasing temperature and relative humidity.     

膀胱癌组织Ⅳ型胶原的表达意义

目的 研究Ⅳ型胶原在膀胱癌中的表达及其临床意义。方法 应用免疫组化方法检测Ⅳ型胶原在65例膀胱癌及19例非肿瘤性膀胱组织中的表达,分析其与膀胱癌的病理分级、分期、复发、多发的关系。结果 Ⅳ型胶原表达与膀胱癌的病理分级、分期相关(P<0.01),而与肿瘤的复发、多发无明显相关(P>0.05),非肿瘤性膀胱组织未见Ⅳ型胶原染色。结论 Ⅳ型胶原的表达与膀胱癌浸润和转移相关,对膀胱癌的预后判断及治疗具有一定的意义。