胰腺癌细胞株PANC-1中肿瘤干细胞的体外耐药性研究

目的:根据肿瘤干细胞学说理论,探讨胰腺癌耐药的新机制。方法:通过胰腺癌肿瘤干细胞表面标记途径和侧群(side population,SP)细胞途径,分离出人胰腺癌细胞株PANC-1中的SP/NSP(非SP)细胞及CD44+CD24+/CD44-CD24-细胞亚群,用MTT检测上述各亚群细胞在体外对化疗药物耐受的差异,用AnnexinV-PI双染法检测2种肿瘤细胞的抗凋亡能力,并采用实时荧光定量PCR检测两者耐药基因ABCG2、ABCB1和PLK-1表达的差异。结果:人胰腺癌细胞株PANC-1中的SP细胞比例为(7.64±0.96)%,CD44+CD24+细胞比例为(2.60±0.96)%。相对于NSP和CD44-CD24-细胞而言,SP和CD44+CD24+细胞具有更强的化疗耐受能力(P0.01)和抗凋亡能力(P0.01);荧光定量RT-PCR结果均提示,SP和CD44+CD24+细胞高表达耐药基因ABCG2、ABCB1和PLK1。结论:人胰腺癌细胞株PANC-1中SP及CD44+CD24+细胞具有更强的化疗耐受能力,研究胰腺癌肿瘤干细胞可为克服胰腺癌化疗敏感性差的现状提供新的实验基础和理论依据。     

浙江省流动人口血吸虫感染情况抽样调查及分析

目的了解浙江省流动人口血吸虫感染情况,为制订血吸虫病防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样法抽取19个县129个村,各调查县收集流动人口基本信息,调查来自血吸虫病疫情未控制县和疫情回升县人口与流动人口的构成比。各调查村抽取来自上述疫区人群中6～65岁流动人口100人,进行问卷调查和间接红细胞凝集试验（IHA）检查。IHA阳性者再以尼龙绢集卵孵化结合沉渣镜检法检查粪便。采用SPSS13．0统计软件对调查数据进行处理和分析。结果共收集流动人群信息3357420人,其中来自疫情未控制和疫情回升县人数303219人,占9．03％。IHA检查13898人,阳性率为2．06％（286／13898）。对276例血清学阳性者进行粪检,查出病原学阳性者7例,阳性率为2．52％（7／276）。根据来自疫区流动人群构成比及血清学、病原学调查结果推算血吸虫病血清学阳性人数约为3．35万人,病原学阳性人数约为845人。结论浙江省有血吸虫病患者输入,存在m吸虫病重新传播流行威胁。     

Low 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Osteopenia Are Prevalent in Persons ≥55 Yr With Fracture at Any Site: A Prospective, Observational Study of Persons Fracturing in the Community

Bone mineral density (BMD) measurements using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) are widely used to diagnose osteoporosis and assess its severity. Previous studies show the necessity to establish reference data for bone mass measurements for each particular population. Such data are lacking for the Moroccan population. The aim of this study was to determine spine and femur BMD reference values for the Moroccan female population and to compare them with values from western and other Arab countries. A cross-sectional study of 569 Moroccan women, (randomly selected in the area of Rabat, the capital of Morocco, aged between 20 and 79 yr) was carried out to establish reference values of BMD. Measurements were taken at the lumbar spine and proximal femurs using DXA (Lunar Prodigy Vision, GE). The data were compared with published normative data taken by United States (U.S.), European, Kuwaiti, Lebanese, and Saudi women over 6 decades of age. The percentage of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women using our reference curve was compared to that observed when the other curves (US, European and Arab) implemented in the Lunar machine was used. Our results showed that the Moroccan women showed the expected decline in BMD at both sites with age after peaking at 20–29 years of age. Moroccan females have lower BMD at the spine than U.S., Europeans, and Kuwaitis (approximately 10–12% for patients older than 50 yr). The BMD values of the total femur in Moroccan females were close to western (European and American), and Kuwaitis, but higher than Lebanese and Saudis. Using our reference database, 37.9% of postmenopausal women had spine osteoporosis vs. 39.6% and 23.4% using US/European and Arabic Lunar reference values respectively. At the femurs, 6.7% had osteoporosis vs. 2.5% using the Arabic Lunar reference values. In conclusion, our study emphasizes the importance of using population-specific reference values for BMD measurements to avoid over or underdiagnosis of osteoporosis.     

Estimating glomerular filtration rate in the general population: the second Health Survey of Nord-Trondelag (HUNT II).

BACKGROUND: Guidelines recommend the modification of diet in the renal disease (MDRD) formula or the Cockcroft-Gault formula for estimating the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). However, there is an ongoing discussion whether the MDRD formula should be used in the general population as several studies have found a large underestimation of its GFR estimates. METHODS: In this study, 1,029 low-risk subjects, eligible for kidney donation according to internationally accepted criteria were selected from the population-based second Health Survey of Nord-Trondelag (HUNT II). Serum creatinine values traceable to isotope dilution mass spectrometry were used with the re-expressed MDRD formula recently published. The 2.5th, 50th and 97.5th percentiles of GFR by age were calculated and compared to reference values from the literature, which are based on GFR measured with gold standard methods in potential kidney donors. RESULTS: The difference between the 50th percentiles for MDRD estimates and measured GFR in the literature was small and constant over age: +0.5 ml/min/1.73 m(2) at age 20 and -2.0 ml/min/1.73 m(2) at age 80. Bias for Cockcroft-Gault estimates varied from 0.0 ml/min/1.73 m(2) to -21.4 ml/min/1.73 m(2). Other formulae also had a too steep age correction, and bias among the elderly varied from -10 to -30 ml/min/1.73 m(2). Hence, 30-80% of the general population above age 60 had GFR estimates below their age-specific 2.5th percentile of normal kidney function, while the MDRD formula was much more conservative (13.3%). CONCLUSION: The MDRD formula gave nearly unbiased estimates for normal GFR. All other formulae tested had, especially in the elderly, a much larger negative bias and cannot be recommended for use in the general population.     

从马王堆汉墓出土香物探讨楚地香文化及其医学运用

本文通过对马王堆汉墓出土香物,展开对该时期楚地用香的文化意义及医学运用的探讨。楚地香文化历史“从上古矣”,马王堆汉墓处在植物类香料使用的鼎盛时期。其香料运用有祭祀、礼制、卫生、医学等方面,其中重点通过环境医学、社会医学及临床医学三部分对楚地香文化的医学运用进行讨论。     

TNFSF4基因rs3850641多态性与2型糖尿病的相关性研究

目的：探讨四川南充地区汉族人TNFSF4基因rs3850641多态性与2型糖尿病(T2DM)的相关性。方法应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术检测于2014年7月至2015年6月选取的190例正常对照者和218例T2DM患者(T2DM组)的rs3850641多态性。葡萄糖氧化酶法测定两组受检者的血糖(Glu)水平,氧化酶法测定两组受检者的血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平。结果 TNFSF4基因rs3850641位点等位基因频率和基因型频率分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律;rs3850641多态位点G等位基因频率为0.161;T2DM组和对照组之间rs3850641位点等位基因的频率差异无统计学意义[0.163(71/168) vs 0.158(60/190),P>0.05];对照组和T2DM组rs3850641位点G基因型携带者的血糖水平分别高于各组AA基因型携带者的血糖水平[(4.72±1.43) mmol/L vs (4.50±1.30) mmol/L、(6.44±2.45) mmol/L vs (6.23±2.16) mmol/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 TNFSF4基因rs3850641多态性与T2DM无关联,但其G等位基因与血糖水平相关。     

新疆住院维族和汉族患者甲状腺功能与碘营养状态分析

目的：了解新疆住院维吾尔族(简称维族)和汉族患者的甲状腺功能与碘营养状态的特点。方法纳入2015年1~5月在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院内分泌科住院的患者1098例,其中汉族620例,维族478例,所有患者均完善甲状腺功能及尿碘检测,了解维族、汉族患者各甲状腺功能组的分布情况,以及各甲状腺功能亚组自身抗体阳性率上的差异,并分析总体和各亚组促甲状腺激素(TSH)的受影响因素及其在碘营养状态上的差异。结果住院维族、汉族患者尿典在各甲状腺功能组分布情况(甲亢组/甲减组/甲功正常组)组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且维族、汉族患者的尿碘中位数(MUI)均处于碘足量范围(MUI维：167.5μg/L,MUI汉：159.2μg/L),组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);总样本的TSH与甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)、甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TGAb)滴度呈正相关(偏相关系数分别为0.109、0.136);根据甲状腺功能分层,临床甲功异常组与亚临床甲功异常组组间自身抗体阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但均显著高于甲功正常组(P<0.01);临床甲亢组患者的碘营养状态构成(碘缺乏/足量/超足量/过量)与甲功正常组比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01);此外,各甲状腺功能异常亚组MUI (MUI甲亢：132.9μg/L, MUI亚甲亢：158.4μg/L,MUI甲减：146.3μg/L,MUI亚甲减：165.1μg/L)与甲功正常组的MUI (MUI正常：165.1μg/L)比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);而不同甲状腺功能亚组的TSH受影响因素不同。结论住院维族、汉族患者的MUI处于碘足量状态,民族间甲状腺功能异常的分布情况相似,临床甲亢患者的碘缺乏比例较正常组高,这与甲亢患者低碘饮食的干预可能有关。TSH的水平在不同亚组中受影响因素不同,有待扩大样本控制混杂因素后进一步证实。     

老年人群口腔缺牙现状及修复现状调查

目的探讨老年人群口腔缺牙现状及口腔修复的效果现状。方法选取2018年7月～2019年7月期间在本院接受口腔健康检查的182例湖州地区老年人群(年龄≥60周岁)为研究对象,记录不同年龄段、性别及地区牙列缺失、牙列缺损率及修复现状。结果 182例入选者中,牙列缺失34例(18.68%),牙列缺损128例(70.33%);182例入选者中,牙列缺失修复率为91.18%,牙列缺损修复率为40.63%;女性组牙列缺损率与总口腔缺牙率高于男性组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);不同性别间牙列缺失率、牙列缺失修复率、牙列缺损修复率及总口腔缺牙修复率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);高龄组牙列缺损率与总口腔缺牙率高于低龄组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);不同年龄段间牙列缺失率、牙列缺失修复率、牙列缺损修复率及总口腔缺牙修复率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);城镇组牙列缺损率、总口腔缺牙率均低于农村组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);城镇组牙列缺损修复率与总口腔缺牙修复率均高于农村组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);不同地区牙列缺失率、牙列缺失修复率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);不同性别与年龄间口腔修复类型对比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);不同地区口腔修复类型对比,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论老年人群牙列缺损率较高,但牙列缺损修复率较低,应积极加强健康宣教,以进一步提高其口腔保健意识。     

海南三亚农村人居环境整治成效与病媒生物种群密度的相关性

目的 调查海南三亚农村重要病媒生物的种群密度,分析其密度变化与农村人居环境整治成效的相关性。方法 于2019年6—11月,参考国家相关标准,对三亚市4个行政区和1个生态区管委会分别随机选取自然村或农场队的公共区域、农户庭院和房前屋后以目测法调查蚊幼孳生地、蚊幼阳性积水、成蚊数,蝇类孳生地、成蝇数,鼠类栖息地、鼠迹数及蟑迹数。结合该自然村或农场队的人居环境评分,分析其与病媒生物种群密度的相关性。结果 共调查三亚市163个自然村/农场队次的病媒生物种群数量,其中成蝇数（15.82±22.24）只、蝇孳生地数（4.45±3.21）处的种群数量相对较大,其次是鼠类栖息地数（2.97±6.58）处、鼠迹数（2.79±2.88）只和成蚊数（1.69±6.40）只、蚊孳生地数（2.87±2.53）处、阳性积水数（2.33±2.82）处,蜚蠊蟑迹数（0.16±0.48）只数量较少。从6—11月,病媒生物种群数量整体呈下降趋势。而蝇类孳生地数未见明显改变,鼠迹数和鼠类栖息地数量先下降后上升。本研究观察到三亚农村的病媒生物孳生和栖息地类型很多,具有明显的热带地方特色。相关性分析显示,三亚市农村蚊幼孳生地数、蝇类孳生地、成蝇数、鼠迹数与整治成效,在5个月中呈负相关关系;本研究调查的病媒生物种群数量的8个指标中,除蝇类孳生地和鼠类栖息地外（P>0.05）,蚊幼孳生地（P<0.01）、蚊幼阳性积水（P=0.04）、成蚊数量（P=0.01）、成蝇数量（P<0.01）、鼠迹数（P=0.04）和蟑迹数（P=0.04）在农村人居环境和村庄清洁整治后,均有明显降低。结论 三亚农村环境中的病媒生物种群密度高,通过农村人居环境整治,病媒生物种群密度明显下降。     

社区人群空腹血糖受损对估算肾小球滤过率的影响研究

背景 估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)是反映慢性肾脏病严重程度的量化指标之一。研究表明糖尿病前期血糖升高可增加慢性肾脏病风险,但对eGFR直接影响报道较少。目的 探讨社区人群中空腹血糖(FPG)受损患者血糖水平对eGFR的影响。方法 选择2020年1—12月于南昌大学第二附属医院体检中心体检的人群,收集一般资料与临床资料(包括既往史、性别、年龄、体质指数、血压、尿酸、血脂、FPG、尿常规、血肌酐),经相应纳入标准与排除标准筛选,最终纳入28 601例受试者。根据FPG水平将受试者分为FPG升高组(5.6 mmol/L≤FPG<7.0mmol/L)、FPG正常组(3.9 mmol/L≤FPG<5.6 mmol/L),比较两组一般资料与临床资料。为明确FPG对e GFR影响,采用个案匹配控制对两组受试者进行多因素(性别、年龄、平均动脉压、尿酸、总胆固醇、体质指数)匹配,采用Mann-Whitney U秩和检验比较匹配后两组一般资料。采用Spearman秩相关检验分析FPG与eGFR在FPG升高组、FPG正常组及匹配后FPG升高组、FPG正常组间的相关性。结果 共获得FPG正常组患者...