整合素αvβ6:一种新的诊断口腔鳞状细胞癌侵袭潜能指标

目的:观察整合素αvβ6在人口腔鳞状细胞癌(oral squamous cell carcinoma,OSCC)中的表达,探讨其表达与临床病理参数之间的关系.方法:采用免疫组化及Image Pro Plus 6.0软件分析OSCC内αvβ6的IA值,并进行统计学处理.结果:癌组织的胞膜及胞浆中广泛出现αvβ6着色,而在正常口腔黏膜和良性上皮肿瘤中αvβ6不表达或弱表达.高、中及低分化癌中αvβ6的IA值分别为74.0128、132.892、259.432.αvβ6的表达在分化程度和肿瘤细胞活性方面存在统计学上的差异(P＜0.05).结论:αvβ6的表达强弱与细胞的侵袭或者异质间粘附密切相关,其表达的强弱可以作为口腔鳞状细胞癌侵袭与转移的一种指示剂.     

The effects of systemic and intratumoral interleukin-12 treatment in C6 rat glioma model

Abstract

Objective: Cytokine based immunotherapy has long been an exciting field for many investigators aiming to provide an effective alternative treatment modality for glioma management. Among these cytokines, interleukin-12 (IL-12) plays a crucial role in mediating inflammatory and antitumoral activity on the host defence. We have investigated the therapeutic role of systemic and local delivery of IL-12 in C6 rat glioma model and compared these two modalities.

Methods: The donor C6 glioma cells were injected stereotactically to 32 Wistar rats and right frontal tumor formation was established in all subjects. The rats were evenly divided into four groups as intratumoral (i.t.) control group (Group IA), intraperitoneal (i.p.) control group (Group IB), i.t. treatment group (Group II) and i.p. treatment group (Group III). Magnetic resonance imaging were performed to 12 rats (three from each group) on the seventh post-inoculation day. Recombinant mouse IL-12 (rmIL-12) was administered via i.t. (0.1 μg 5 μl/day/rat) and i.p. (0.1 μg 20 μl/day/rat) routes to treatment groups between days 9 and 11 following tumor inoculation, for 3 consecutive days. The rats which were unresponsive to the external stimuli, unable to feed themselves or having severe neurological impairment were decapitated and the specimens were histopathologically examined.

Results: The subjects of Group III (i.p.) showed a statistically significant prolongation in survival time (mean=39 days) when compared to the control group (mean=31.7 days) (p=0.035) and Group II (i.t.) (mean=24.5 days) (p=0.005). Histopathologic examination of Group III revealed markedly increased intratumoral and peritumoral lymphocyte infiltration compared with the other groups.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that systemic administration of IL-12 in C6 glioma model in rats prolongs the survival, probably by stimulating the cellular immunity leading to lymphocytic infiltration.     

子宫内膜异位症患者血清及腹腔液6-异前列腺素F1α的表达及意义

目的探讨子宫内膜异位症（内异症）患者血清及腹腔液中6-异前列腺素F1α（6-k-PGF1α）的表达及其在内异症发病中的作用。方法选择2010年6月至2012年1月在我院妇科手术治疗并经病理证实为内异症的42例患者并进行分期,其中早期（Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期）20例,晚期（Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期）22例;并选择同期无月经改变、病理证实为正常子宫内膜的子宫肌瘤患者20例。所有患者均在术前采集上肢静脉血,术中采集腹腔液。采用酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）方法测定血液和腹腔液中6-k-PGF1α的水平,并对内异症患者血清和腹腔液中6-k-PGF1α的表达进行Pearson相关性分析。结果①内异症早期组、晚期组血清、腹腔液中6-k-PGF1α水平均比对照组明显增高（均P〈0.05）;②内异症晚期组组血清、腹腔液中6-k-PGF1α水平均比内异症早期组明显增高（P〈0.05）;③内异症组血清与腹腔液6-k-PGF1α水平之间呈明显正相关（r=0.580,P=0.008）。结论内异症患者血清及腹腔液中6-k-PGF1α水平明显增高,后者可作为评判内异症严重程度的参考指标。     

Dopaminergic gene analysis indicates influence of inattention but not IQ in executive dysfunction of Indian ADHD probands

Abstract

Organizational inefficiency and inattention are speculated to be the reason for executive deficit (ED) of ADHD probands. Even with average IQ, probands often perform poorly due to higher inattention. Pharmacotherapy, cognitive behavioural therapy, and counselling provide only symptomatic relief. Several candidate genes showed involvement with ADHD; the most consistent are dopamine receptor 4 (DRD4) and solute carrier family 6 member 3 (SLC6A3). We analyzed association of rarely investigated DRD4 and SLC6A3 variants with ADHD core traits in Indo-Caucasoid probands. ED, inattention, organizational efficiency, and IQ were measured by Barkley Deficit in Executive Functioning-Child & Adolescent scale, DSM-IV-TR, Conners’ Parent Rating Scale-revised, and WISC respectively. Target sites were analyzed by PCR, RFLP, and/or Sanger sequencing of genomic DNA. DRD4 variants mostly affected inattention while SLC6A3 variants showed association with IQ. Few DRD4 and SLC6A3 variants showed dichotomous association with IQ and inattention. DRD4 Exon3 VNTR >4R showed negative impact on all traits excepting IQ. Inattention showed correlation with attention span, organizational efficiency, and ED, while IQ failed to do so. We infer that IQ and attention could be differentially regulated by dopaminergic gene variants affecting functional efficiency in ADHD and the two traits should be considered together for providing better rehabilitation.     

Accounting for Complexity in Home Telemonitoring: A Need for Context-Centred Evidence

Heart failure represents a significant burden for patients and the Canadian health care system. Home telemonitoring is proposed as an intervention that can improve heart failure outcomes by identifying opportunities for earlier clinical intervention and by providing patients with self-management support between scheduled clinic visits. The objective of this review is to provide clarity with respect to the most recent evidence of the effect of home telemonitoring on heart failure outcomes. Despite some strong evidence that telemonitoring can reduce the risk of mortality and heart failure-related hospitalizations, important inconsistencies exist in the evidence. This article proposes that much of the inconsistency results from differences in the patient population being studied, the type of home telemonitoring intervention, and the implementation setting. Also important is the degree to which intervention fidelity is maintained throughout the course of a study; this is emphasized through a review of the factors that influence the degree to which patients and health care providers use home telemonitoring interventions as intended. In this article we propose that for researchers to produce definitive answers regarding the effect of home telemonitoring on heart failure outcomes, interventions and studies need to be designed and tailored according to the characteristics of the target patient population and the implementation context.     

Brachydactyly type E in an Italian family with 6p25 trisomy

Brachydactyly type E is a congenital limb malformation characterized by small hands and feet as a result of shortened metacarpals and metatarsals. Genetic causes of this anomaly are heterogeneous and only partially characterized. In this report we describe an Italian family in which four subjects share brachydactyly type E and a 3 Mb microduplication in region 6p25. The duplication involves the gene FOXC1, expressed during the osteoblast differentiation, which appears a potential candidate gene for brachydactyly.