蒙古族儿童过敏性紫癜与HLA—A基因的关联性

目的探索内蒙地区蒙古族儿童过敏性紫癜（AP）与HLA-A基因的关联性。可望找出相关基因,以探寻其部分发病机理及防治前景。方法采用病例对照研究策略,引入PCR—SSO技术,在祖籍三代居住内蒙地区,无血缘关系,无与异族通婚史及其他免疫性疾病史和家族史的蒙古族人群中,选择儿童AP病例组56例和健康儿童对照组66名,作HEA-A等位基因的型别分析。基因频率比较在单因素四格表X。或Fisher检验的基础上,作以Logistic多因素回归。结果病例组HLA-A$11基因频率为16．1％,与对照组的9．1％比较,Wald为3．954,P为0．047,差异有统计学意义。B为0．844〉0,OR为2．325〉1,促进发病,其95％可信区间为1．012—5．340,其内不包含1,与P意义相符,有统计学意义。EF为0．342〉0。结论HLA-A＊11等位基因可能是内蒙地区蒙古族儿童AP发病单体型中的一个遗传易感基因。     

HLA-A26等位基因与银屑病环境危险因素的交互作用

目的：研究银屑病HLA－A26等位基因与环境危险因素之间的交互作用。方法：采用病例对照研究方法，调查190例银屑病患者及同一地区的健康对照191例，用多聚酶链反应－序列特异性引物（PCR－SSP）方法进行HLA－A26等位基因检测，对银屑病的环境危险因素及与HLA－A等位基因间交互作用进行研究。结果：（1）受潮、感染、外伤、嗜酒、吸烟、食鱼虾、药物和精神紧张均为银屑病的环境危险因素。（2）与正常对照组相比，HLA－A26等位基因与银屑病呈显著正相关（P＜0．001）。（3）HLA－A26等位基因与受潮、嗜酒和食鱼虾存在显著交互作用。结论：HLA－A26等位基因似能增加受潮、嗜酒和食鱼虾发生银屑病的易患性。     

大疱性类天疱疮与HLA—A、B等位基因的相关性

目的：确定山东汉族大疱性类天疱疮（BP）与HLA—A、B等位基因的相关性。方法：运用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性引物寡核苷酸探针杂交（PCR—SSOP）方法,对山东地区43例汉族BP患者和125例健康对照进行了HLL—A、B等位基因分型。结果：BP患者组HIA—A＊24频率高于对照组（P：0．033,Pc〉0．05）;HLA—A＊33、B＊44在患者组中频率低于正常对照组（P值分别为0．040和0．024,但Pc值均〉0．05）。结论：大疱性类天疱疮的遗传易感基因可能与HLA—A、B等位基因无相关性。     

Induction of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes from regional lymph node lymphocytes of human breast cancer

Background  In this study we activated breast cancer-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) from regional lymph node lymphocytes (RLNL) of HLA-A2-positive patients with breast cancer. Melthods  Freshly isolated RLNL were stimulated with solid phase anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody followed by expansion with recombinant interleukin-2. Subsequently, the RLNL were stimulated with an irradiated HLA 0201 breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, at a responder/stimulator ratio of 10/1 once a week for 2 weeks. Results  The cultured RLNL exhibited specific lysis against MCF-7 in all 5 HLA-A2-positive patients tested, but not in 2 HLA-A2-negative patients. Cytotoxicity against MCF-7 was substantially inhibited by addition of anti-HLA-A2 mAb. In 3 of 5 HLA-A2-positive patients, anti-MCF-7 CTL also exhibited a substantial level of reactivity against PC-9, an HLA-A0206-positive lung adenocarcinoma cell line. Conversely, anti-PC-9-specific CTL were inducible by multiple stimulations of RLNL with PC-9 cells in 2 of 3 patients. Conclusions  These results suggest that several common tumor antigens might exist among HLA-A2-positive breast cancers, some of which may be shared with lung adenocarcinomas.     

Use of the ELISA to detect and quantify histocompatibility antigens and their subunits

A solid phase enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) has been developed for the detection and quantification of human histocompatibility antigens and their subunits. The assay involves the binding to a microELISA plate of a mouse monoclonal antibody reacting with a common antigenic determinant to all HLA (A, B, C) antigens. The standard conditions for the assay and the curves obtained for the quantification of total HLA, free beta 2m, and free heavy chain subunit (alpha) present in a biological sample are described and the sensitivity and potential uses of the method are discussed.     

Identification of a new HLA-A null allele,A*2436 N

We describe a new HLA-A null allele in a donor. This null allele resulted from the deletion of two nucleotides in exon 2, which effects a frameshift as well as a premature stop codon. This new null allele has been officially named HLA-A*2436 N.     

Expression of Tumor-rejection Antigens in Gynecologic Cancers

We recently reported the four tumor-rejection antigens (SART1₂₅₉ SART2, SART3, and ART4) that possess tumor epitopes capable of inducing HLA-A2402-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in cancer patients. This study investigated the expression of these tumor antigens in gynecologic cancers, including 33 ovarian cancers, 38 cervical cancers, and 40 endometrial cancers. SART1₂₅₉ antigen was detected in 56%, 35%, and 30% of ovarian, cervical and endometrial cancers, while SART2 antigen was detected in 46%, 66%, and 30% of these cancers, respectively. Both SART3 and ART4 antigens were detectable in the majority of these gynecologic cancers tested. In contrast, none of these antigens was detectable in any of the normal ovarian and uterine tissues tested. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HLA-A24⁺ patients with gynecologic cancers were found to produce significant levels of interferon-γ in response to HLA-A24⁺ SART3⁺ gynecologic cancer cells after having been stimulated three times in vitro with either SART3_109–118 or SART3_315–323 peptide. These PBMCs lysed HLA-A24⁺ SART3⁺ gynecologic cancer cells, but not HLA-A24^- SART3⁺ gynecologic cancer cells or HLA-A24⁺ normal cells. Therefore, these four antigens and their peptides, including SART3 peptides, would be appropriate molecules for use in specific immunotherapy of HLA-A24⁺ gynecologic cancer patients.     

四川骨髓库汉族人群HLA-A~* 02等位基因分布

目的研究四川骨髓库汉族人群HLA-A* 02等位基因分布,分析HLA-A和HLA-B、-DRB1的单体型。方法在中华骨髓库四川分库8934名四川汉族造血干细胞志愿者4508份HLA-A* 02阳性样本中随机筛选110份,采用PCR-SBT分型技术对HLA-A* 02等位基因进行测序分析,用χ2检验比较四川骨髓库汉族与亚洲5个不同国家和地区以及美国亚裔人群A* 02等位基因分布的差异,并采用最大似然法计算HLA-A、-B和-DRB1的3位点单体型频率。结果共检出5种A* 02等位基因,A* 0207(49.59%)是优势等位基因,其余依次是A*02 0101(25.62%),A*02 0301(19.01%),A*02 0601(4.96%),A*02 05(0.83%)。同其它6个亚裔人群的相比,四川骨髓库汉族人群的HLA-A* 02等位基因分布与台湾人群的比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),而与香港,北京,美国亚太裔,日本,韩国等人群的比较均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。HLA-A* 0207-B*46-DRB1*09是四川骨髓库汉族人群最常见的单体型。结论四川汉族人群HLA-A* 02等位基因的分布符合南方汉族人群的分布特点,但更为集中。     

中国鲁南地区汉族人群HLA-A,B,DRB1高分辨等位基因多态性分析

本研究旨在分析中国鲁南地区汉族人群HLA-A、B、DRB1等位基因的高分辨多态性分布特征。采用PCR-SBT对中国鲁南地区688名无血缘关系的汉族健康人群进行HLA-A、B、DRB1位点高分辨基因分型,并对分型结果做统计学分析。结果表明：688例样本A、B、DRB1座位分别检出31、63、39个等位基因,其中频率大于0.05的常见等位基因为A＊24：02、A＊30：01、A＊11：01、A＊02：01、A＊33：03、A＊02：06、B＊13：02、B＊44：03、B＊51：01、B＊46：01、B＊15：01、B＊58：01、DRB1＊07：01、DRB1＊15：01、DRB1＊09：01和DRB1＊08：03。上述A、B、DRB1位点常见等位基因累计基因频率分别为0.7223、0.4432、0.5453。最常见的A＊-B＊-DRB1＊单倍型是A＊30：01-B＊13：02-DRB1＊07：01（0.1151）,最常见的两位点连锁单倍型分别是A＊30：01-B＊13：02（0.1303）、A＊30：01-DRB1＊07：01（0.1157）和B＊13：02-DRB1＊07：01（0.1307）。结论：获得了中国鲁南汉族人群HLA-A、B、DRB1高分辨等位基因和单倍型分布特征,为评估该地区患者找到HLA匹配供者的机率,为合理选择移植供者及移植免疫、HLA与疾病相关性研究提供了参考数据。     

单细胞测序技术在食管癌研究中应用的进展

单细胞转录组学、基因组学、表观基因组学、多组学等单细胞测序（single cell sequencing,sc-Seq）技术是一种在单细胞水平上研究细胞基因表达和功能变化的强大研究工具。随着sc-Seq技术在食管癌研究中的广泛应用,其将改变人们对食管癌细胞生物学特征的理解,为更精准地从分子层面阐述食管癌的发生、发展和转移的机制,提高其诊断及个体化治疗的水平做出重大贡献。本文就sc-Seq技术在食管癌的发生、发展机制、诊疗和预后相关标志物、免疫治疗及放化疗中的研究进展作一综述。