人参花中总皂苷的提取工艺优选

目的:优选人参花中总皂苷的提取工艺条件。方法:采用UV测定总皂苷含量,以人参皂苷Re为指标成分,检测波长550 nm。以总皂苷提取量为指标,通过正交试验考察料液比、乙醇体积分数、提取时间和提取次数对人参花中总皂苷提取工艺的影响。结果:总皂苷最佳提取工艺为料液比1∶10,乙醇体积分数80%,提取温度85℃,提取时间1 h,提取数3次;总皂苷得率18.66%。结论:优选的提取工艺稳定、合理,有效成分提取率高,为人参花资源的开发利用提供参考。     

西洋参含片用于术后镇痛的临床研究

目的:研究西洋参含片对术后疼痛有无镇痛作用,为术后疼痛护理寻找新方法。方法:将术后疼痛患者80例随机分为对照组和观察组,其中对照组42例,观察组38例,在术后统一使用镇痛泵与盐酸曲马多注射液镇痛的基础上,观察组口服西洋参含片,对照组空白,对比两组使用盐酸曲马多注射液次数与疼痛评分值。结果:观察组盐酸曲马多注射液使用次数明显少于对照组,两组间有显著差异,疼痛评分值明显小于对照组,两组间有极显著差异。结论:西洋参含片有明确的缓解术后疼痛或辅助镇痛泵镇痛的作用,因其安全,无毒副作用,作为饮食护理方法,有一定的临床推广价值。     

基于近红外光谱技术的红参多指标成分快速分析

目的 利用近红外光谱（near infrared spectroscopy,NIR）技术对红参药材中的水分、人参皂苷和糖类成分进行快速分析,实现红参药材质量的快速评价。方法 用62批红参样品作为校正集,分别建立水分、人参皂苷和糖类成分的定量模型,对模型进行系统的优化,并用另外38批样品作为验证集对建立的模型进行验证和评价。结果 所建的模型对红参水分含量、人参皂苷Rg₁和Re总含量、人参皂苷Rb₁含量及麦芽糖和蔗糖总含量均有较好的预测能力,预测相对偏差均<15%,所建NIR快速检测方法的精密度和重复性结果均较好。结论 该方法可以对红参药材的关键质控指标进行快速检测,结果可靠,是对传统分析方法的有效补充,可以有效地指导后道工序的生产,从而避免因药材质量不合格而造成不必要的浪费。     

Mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1 renal protection in a mouse model of d-galactose-induced subacute damage

Context Ginseng is a widely used herbal medicine in China but its mechanism of action remains unclear.

Objective The objectives of this work were to study the protective effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on subacute murine renal damage induced by d-galactose and its mechanism.

Materials and methods C57BL/6J mice were injected with 120?mg/kg/d (sc) d-galactose for 1 week, followed by a combined treatment of Rg1 20?mg/kg/d (ip) and 120?mg/kg/d d-galactose (sc) for 5 weeks. Mice were injected with the 0.9% saline 0.2?mL/d (sc) and 120?mg/kg/d d-galactose (sc) for 6 weeks in the control group and the d-galactose group, respectively. After 6 weeks, urea, creatinine, uric acid, cystatin (Cys-C), senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining positive kidney cells, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), malondialdehyde (MDA), glycation end products (AGEs) and 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) were measured.

Results Treatment with Rg1 ameliorated kidney function and aging state (urea from 17.19?±?1.09 to 15.77?±?1.22?mmol·L?^??¹, creatinine from 29.40?±?5.72 to 22.60?±?3.97?μmol·L?^??¹, uric acid from 86.80?±?5.97 to 72.80?±?10.61?μmol·L?^??¹, Cys-C from 0.23?±?0.03 to 0.18?±?0.05?mg·L?^??¹, ROD of SA-β-gal from 56.32?±?10.48 to 26.78?±?7.34, SOD from 150.22?±?19.07 to 190.56?±?15.83 U·(mg·prot)?^?1, MDA from 9.28?±?1.59 to 3.17?±?0.82?nmol·(mg·prot)?^?1, GSH-PX from 15.68?±?2.11 to 20.32?±?2.96 U·(mg·prot)?^?1 as well as regulated glomerulus morphology (glomerulus diameter from 775.77?±?18.41 to 695.04?±?14.61?μm, renal capsule width from 39.56?±?3.51 to 31.42?±?2.70?μm, glomerulus basement membrane from 206.03?±?16.22 to 157.27?±?15.70?nm, podocyte slit from 55.21?±?8.55 to 37.63?±?6.65?nm).

Conclusions Ginsenoside Rg1 can antagonise d-galactose subacute renal damage in mice and this may occur due to alleviating oxidative stress injury.     

UHPLC-ESI-QE-Orbitrap-MS技术的人参固本口服液干预食蟹猴颈椎间盘置换术术后的血清代谢组学研究

目的 采用代谢组学方法分析人参固本口服液(Ginseng Guben Oral Liquid,RSGB)对食蟹猴人工颈椎间盘置换术后血清代谢产物的影响,探讨人参固本口服液促进猕猴颈椎术后康复的机制。方法 24只食蟹猴根据体质量随机分为正常组、模型组、RSGB组,每组8只。通过食蟹猴人工颈椎间盘置换术制备模型,正常组、模型组ig给予蒸馏水,RSGB组ig给予人参固本口服液,观察食蟹猴术后康复情况。运用超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱技术(UHPLC-ESIQE-Orbitrap-MS)检测血清差异代谢物,分析可能的代谢通路。结果 RSGB组食蟹猴一般情况明显改善。代谢组学显示,与正常组相比,模型组食蟹猴结肠共发现乙酰胆碱、烟酰胺、蛋氨酸、乙酰左旋肉碱、次黄嘌呤、鸟嘌呤、肌苷、鸟苷、次黄嘌呤、亮氨酸、异喹啉、脱氧胆酸、胆酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈油酸、二十二碳六烯酸、亚油酸、花生四烯酸、肉豆蔻酸乙酯、油酸等23个代谢差异物。RSGB组这些代谢差异物有向正常水平回调的趋势。结论 推测RSGB促进食蟹猴颈椎术后康复可能与调控亚油酸代谢、花生四烯酸代谢、色氨酸及半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸代谢等多条代...     

人参固本口服液对小鼠股骨骨折术后认知功能的影响及机制探讨

目的 探讨人参固本口服液对小鼠股骨骨折术后认知功能的影响及作用机制。方法 60只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为对照组、人参固本口服液(0.50 mL/只)组、手术组和手术+人参固本口服液低、中、高剂量(0.05、0.10、0.50 mL/只)组。小鼠麻醉后制备骨折模型,各给药组ig相应药物;术后第3天,采用Morris水迷宫实验记录小鼠逃避潜伏期,Y迷宫检测小鼠学习记忆次数,旷场实验检测其情绪行为;行为学完成后,小鼠处死取海马组织,采用ELISA法检测小鼠海马区肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)和白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)水平;采用qRT-PCR法测定海马区B淋巴细胞瘤2(B-cell lymphoma 2,Bcl-2)和Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bcl-2 associated X protein,Bax)m RNA表达;采用TUNEL法检测海马神经元凋亡情况。结果 与手术组比较,手术+人参固本口服液高剂量组小鼠术后第3天的平均逃避潜伏期显著缩短(P<0.05),学习记忆次数显著减少(P<0.05),穿越次数...     

人参固本口服液对椎间盘退变小鼠肠道菌群的影响

目的 研究人参固本口服液对椎间盘退变小鼠肠道菌群的影响。方法 28只小鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、布洛芬(90mg/kg)组和人参固本口服液(3mL/kg),每组7只。采用尾部全层穿刺法制备椎间盘退变模型,给予相应药物干预28d,拍摄尾部核磁共振;采用苏木素-伊红(HE)、番红固绿染色观察小鼠肝、肾、椎间盘的病理变化;采用16SrRNA高通量测序检测小鼠结肠内肠道菌群组成和结构。结果 与假手术组比较,模型组椎间盘结构明显破坏;肠道菌群α多样性分析Chao指数、Shannon指数无明显差异,β多样性PC1、PC2水平均有明显偏移;疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota)、巴氏杆菌门(Patescibacteria)、杜氏杆菌属Dubosiella、阿克曼氏菌属Akkermansia的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05、0.01),粪杆菌属Faecalibaculum相对丰度显著升高(P<0.001)。与模型组比较,人参固本口服液组失序的椎间盘结构得到修复;肠道菌群α多样性Chao指数、Shannon指数显著升高(P<0.05),β多样性在PC1水平更趋向于假手术组;疣微菌门、Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group、阿克曼氏菌属、回肠杆菌属Ileibacterium相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05、0.01、0.001),粪杆菌属相对丰度显著降低(P<0.001)。结论 人参固本口服液能够修复髓核、纤维环的结构,减轻炎性细胞浸润,延缓椎间盘退变的病理过程,其机制可能与调控肠道菌群微环境有关。     

Using ginseng for menopausal women's health care: A systematic review of randomized placebo-controlled trials

PurposeThis systematic review aimed to update the evidence of ginseng on menopausal women's health care.MethodsWe searched six databases (PubMed, AMED, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, RISS, and KoreaMed) from their inception to April 2022 and included all placebo-controlled RCTs comparing any type of ginseng in menopausal women. The methodological quality of all studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0.ResultsWe included 15 RCTs with our inclusion criteria. The majority of studies considered bias a concern. Ginseng reduced menopausal symptoms in three studies (n = 515; standardized mean difference (SMD): −0.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.73 to −0.07, P = 0.02) and lowed hot flashes (n = 515; SMD: −0.34, 95% CI: −0.66 to −0.01, P = 0.04). The meta-analysis of three other studies failed to show that ginseng was beneficial for sexual function (n = 491; SMD: 0.31, 95% CI: −0.30 to 0.92, P = 0.32). Three RCTs showed positive effects of ginseng on the quality of life score (n = 515, SMD: −0.31, 95% CI: −0.61 to −0.01, P = 0.05). In two studies, ginseng failed to produce significant effects on the vaginal maturation index and vaginal pH. Another three RCTs failed to demonstrate a beneficial effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) on endometrial thickness.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that ginseng can significantly reduce hot flashes, menopausal symptoms, and quality of life in menopausal women. In contrast, neither KRG nor ginseng appeared to have any direct effect on sexual dysfunction, hormones or biomarkers, or endometrial thickness. More rigorous RCTs are needed to overcome the current limitations.     

参麦注射液对急性缺血性脑卒中患者血清C反应蛋白的影响

目的：观察参麦注射液对急性缺血性脑卒中患者血清C反应蛋白（CRP）的影响。方法：将56例急性缺血性脑卒中患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各28例。对照组给予常规治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗基础上加用参麦注射液,分别于治疗前及治疗后14d进行神经功能缺损程度和日常生活活动能力评分,并检测患者血清CRP含量变化。结果：治疗后,治疗组卒中量表（NIHSS）评分和血清CRP含量明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）,Barthel指数也明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：参麦注射液可降低急性缺血性脑卒中患者神经功能缺损程度、提高患者日常生活活动能力,其作用机制可能与降低患者血清CRP含量、抑制炎症反应有关。