伴生菌对猪苓几种酶活性的影响

目的 :研究猪苓Grifolaumbellata在与伴生菌Companionfungus共培养过程中 ,伴生菌对猪苓几种酶的活性影响。方法 :测定与伴生菌共培养过程中猪苓菌丝几丁质酶、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶、蛋白酶及胞外多酚氧化酶的活性。结果 :伴生菌能诱导猪苓几丁质酶及 β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性的提高 ;蛋白酶活性没有明显变化 ;液体培养时 ,在培养的后期猪苓与伴生菌共培养的发酵液中两种胞外多酚酶活性均居于猪苓与伴生菌单独培养的酶活性之间。结论 :伴生菌与猪苓的营养互补可能为猪苓提供一些菌核形成的相关物质 ,从而有利于猪苓形成菌核。     

海绵共生真菌Chaetomium globosum HXL-1次级代谢产物及其体外抗肿瘤活性研究

目的 研究海绵共生真菌Chaetomium globosum HXL-1的次级代谢产物及其抗肿瘤活性.方法 利用硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱、高效液相色谱等方法对其次级代谢产物进行分离纯化,运用NMR、MS等多种波谱方法鉴定化合物结构;采用MTT方法评价化合物的体外抗肿瘤活性.结果 从该菌株发酵液的醋酸乙酯萃取物中分离得到...     

个人防护装备高效过滤罐微生物气溶胶防护效果的检测及评价

为了测试个人防护装备中使用的高效过滤罐的微生物气溶胶过滤效率,本研究以粘质沙雷氏菌8039为指示微生物,在实验室中发生气溶胶,分别采集过滤前后的空气样本,根据培养长出的菌落数计算过滤效率。在对该生物防护装备对微生物气溶胶的防护效果做出评价的同时为相应国家标准的建立提供数据资料。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病继发院内真菌感染的危险因素及药物经济学分析

目的 :分析慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD)急性加重期继发院内深部真菌感染的危险因素及其药物治疗的经济学意义。方法 :查阅 2 0 0 0年 10月～ 2 0 0 1年 10月我院 74例COPD急性加重期患者的病历 ,对其抗生素应用种类、应用时间、糖皮质激素应用情况、真菌感染部位、菌种类型、抗真菌药物、住院费用及平均住院日进行分析。结果 :高龄及营养状况差是院内真菌感染的危险因素之一 ,而广谱抗生素长期大量应用则是造成真菌感染的重要因素 ,另外 ,合并应用糖皮质激素也是院内真菌感染的又一发病因素。继发院内真菌感染 ,明显延长了住院时间 ,增加了住院费用。结论 :减少院内真菌感染 ,对遏制医疗费用的增长 ,节约国家的卫生资源 ,具有重大意义     

Selection of Rabbit Single-chain Fv Fragments against the Herbicide Atrazine using a New Phage Display System

A convenient new bacteriophage display vector, pSD3, has been constructed and used to generate rabbit monoclonal anti-pesticide antibody fragments. Following amplification of immunoglobulin light chain, and heavy chain variable region gene libraries, restriction enzymes Sfi I and PflM I are used to assemble scFv libraries in pSD3. This allows the number of stages involving the polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme digestion to be minimized to optimize maintenance of the original diversity of the variable region genes in the libraries. The vector also incorporates an amber codon, a 6xHis tag and a c-myc epitope to facilitate soluble single-chain Fv production detection and purification. Using the pSD3 system two anti-atrazine single-chain Fvs were isolated from a library derived from the spleen cells of a rabbit immunized with bovine serum albumin-atrazine conjugate. Characterization of single-chain Fvs by competition and equilibrium ELISA indicated good specificity and affinity to atrazine.     

溶组织内阿米巴霉菌寄生的观察

观察一农民粪便涂片的苏木素染色标本,其中溶组织内阿米巴包囊被虫藻壶菌属霉菌寄生的占78％,而且成熟的四核包囊甚少。包囊内的霉菌孢子分散或成群,多数为形成孢子囊者。寄生部位有在细胞质内的,在糖元块内的,还有在拟染色体上的。在此同一标本材料中,查见结肠内阿米巴包囊寄生霉菌的占18％;微小内蜓阿米巴包囊有霉菌的占11％。哈门氏内阿米巴包囊16个,发现1个有霉菌寄生。文献所及,我国尚无此种重寄生现象的报告。国外亦罕见如此多种阿米巴同时为多数霉菌所寄生的记录。     

A systematic review on SARS-CoV-2-associated fungal coinfections

A severe pandemic of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) has been sweeping the globe since 2019, and this time, it did not stop, with frequent mutations transforming into virulent strains, for instance, B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and B.1.427. In recent months, a fungal infection, mucormycosis has emerged with more fatal responses and significantly increased mortality rate. To measure the severity and potential alternative approaches against black fungus coinfection in COVID-19 patients, PubMed, Google Scholar, World Health Organization (WHO) newsletters, and other online resources, based on the cases reported and retrospective observational analysis were searched from the years 2015–2021. The studies reporting mucormycosis with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) coinfection and/or demonstrating potential risk factors, such as a history of diabetes mellitus or suppressed immune system were included, and reports published in non-English language were excluded. More than 20 case reports and observational studies on black fungus coinfection in COVID-19 patients were eligible for inclusion. The results indicated that diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemic, and immunocompromised COVID-19 patients with mucormycosis were at a higher risk. We found that it was prudent to assess the potential risk factors and severity of invasive mycosis via standardized diagnostic and clinical settings. Large-scale studies need to be conducted to identify early biomarkers and optimization of diagnostic methods has to be established per population and geographical variation. This will not only help clinicians around the world to detect the coinfection in time but also will prepare them for future outbreaks of other potential pandemics.     

Multifocal but non‐disseminated phaeohyphomycosis in a healthy man via a unique mechanism: Ejection from motor vehicle accident into a vegetable field in Afghanistan resulting in multiple contaminated skin wounds

A 20‐year‐old male presented with multiple subcutaneous nodules on the head, neck, chest and oral cavity. FNA and biopsy showed pigmented fungal hyphae diagnostic of multifocal phaeohyphomycosis, found to be Exophiala spinifera by molecular diagnostics. The presentation initially raised concern for disseminated disease and occult immunosuppression. However, the patient appeared to be immunocompetent and otherwise healthy. Upon further inquiry, the patient was in a motor vehicle accident 4 years before presentation; he was ejected into a vegetable field resulting in multiple open wounds. Multifocal phaeohyphomycosis usually indicates disseminated systemic disease from immunosuppression and carries a grave prognosis.     

S1 Guideline onychomycosis

Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the fingernails and toenails. In Europe, tinea unguium is mainly caused by dermatophytes. The diagnostic workup comprises microscopic examination, culture and/or molecular testing (nail scrapings). Local treatment with antifungal nail polish is recommended for mild or moderate nail infections. In case of moderate to severe onychomycosis, oral treatment is recommended (in the absence of contraindications). Treatment should consist of topical and systemic agents. The aim of this update of the German S1 guideline is to simplify the selection and implementation of appropriate diagnostics and treatment. The guideline was based on current international guidelines and the results of a literature review conducted by the experts of the guideline committee. This multidisciplinary committee consisted of representatives from the German Society of Dermatology (DDG), the German-Speaking Mycological Society (DMykG), the Association of German Dermatologists (BVDD), the German Society for Hygiene and Microbiology (DGHM), the German Society of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (DGKJ), the Working Group for Pediatric Dermatology (APD) and the German Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases (DGPI). The Division of Evidence-based Medicine (dEBM) provided methodological assistance. The guideline was approved by the participating medical societies following a comprehensive internal and external review.     

灵芝治疗毒蕈中毒疗效分析

目的探讨灵芝对毒蕈中毒的治疗效果．方法将84例毒蕈中毒病人随机分为实验组（42例）和对照组（42例）,对照组给予常规治疗,实验组在常规治疗基础上加用灵芝煎液口服,比较两组疗效及脏器损害情况．结果实验组疗效明显好于对照组（P〈0．05）,实验组住院天数明显缩短,脏器损害程度减轻,两组肝、肾功能比较,实验组在2～4d达到高峰,对照组则在5—7d后才达到高峰．比较两组各项指标,实验组明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）．结论灵芝治疗毒蕈中毒疗效明显,可有效降低死亡率、减少住院天数,减轻病人经济负担．