老年肿瘤患者红细胞与淋巴细胞协同抗肿瘤作用的研究

目的：评价老年肿瘤患者红细胞与淋巴细胞协同抗肿瘤能力。方法：应用红细胞与淋巴细胞免疫粘附花环试验，检测了47例老年肿瘤患者红细胞与淋巴细胞混合花环形成情况。结果：老年肿瘤患者与正常对照相比红细胞与淋巴细胞围攻肿瘤细胞花环率降低（P＜0．01）。不论是肿瘤组还是正常人，红细胞都有促进淋巴细胞围攻肿瘤细胞的作用，但肿瘤患者的红细胞对淋巴细胞粘附肿瘤细胞的促进作用低于对照组。结论：老年肿瘤患者的红细胞与淋巴细胞协同抗肿瘤的免疫功能低于正常对照组。     

The Red Blood Cell Deformability in Patients Suffering from End Stage Renal Failure on Hemodialysis or Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis

Anemia is the main problem for patients suffering from end stage renal disease (ESRD). This study aimed to determine whether the index of rigidity (IR), that shows red blood cells (RBCs) deformability and the possible IR disturbances can provide an explanation about the cause of anemia, in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD) or on peritoneal dialysis. The IR was determined in 39 hemodialyzed patients, who were already in dialysis for a period of time ranging from 16 to 120 months (mean ± SD = 41.8 ± 24.1) (Group A). Furthermore, the IR was measured in 32 patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), who were in CAPD for a period of time ranging from 6 to 60 months (mean ± SD = 10.7 ± 9.9) (Group B). Finally, the IR was determined in 17 normal individuals (group C). The RBCs IR was measured twice in group A (before and after the end of a hemodialysis session) and once in groups B and C. The IR was determined by hemorrheometry (method of filtration), using special equipment. In group A the IR was increased in comparison to the control group (C) (17.9 ± 6.2 vs. 10.2 ± 1.8, p < 0.0001). This increase was even higher in the measurement at the end of the hemodialysis session (paired t‐test, p < 0.0001). The RBCs IR in CAPD patients was significantly lower than that of HD patients (12 ± 3.8 vs. 17.9 ± 6.2, p < 0.0001) and was not statistically different from the control group (12 ± 3.8 vs. 10.2 ± 1.8, p = 0.068). It is concluded from the study that: 1) in HD patients occur disturbances in the deformability of the RBCs, that are worsened by the hemodialysis session; 2) the index of rigidity of RBCs is significantly higher in the HD patients than in CAPD patients; 3) in patients on CAPD, the disturbance of deformability of the RBCs was less in comparison to the control group, which however does not reach the statistically significant levels.     

新型白细胞滤器LD-1对体外循环中红细胞的保护作用

目的研究一种新型白细胞滤器LD-1在体外循环(CPB)中对红细胞的保护作用。方法将25～30kg蒙古犬12只按随机数字表法分为对照组和LD-1过滤组(LD组),每组6只。对照组不使用白细胞滤器;LD组将白细胞滤器LD-1安装于CPB的静脉回流端,在CPB开始2min后打开滤器,过滤5min。分别于CPB前、CPB10min、40min、75min、停CPB和CPB后2h取静脉血测定白细胞(WBC)数量、血浆丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和游离血红蛋白(FHB)水平,并测定红细胞脆性。结果在CPB中各时间点LD组WBC数量均显著低于CPB前(P<0.01),且明显低于对照组(P<0.05);对照组血浆SOD水平在CPB75min后显著降低,而LD组血浆SOD水平在CPB75min、停CPB及CPB后2h均显著高于对照组(P<0.05,0.01);在CPB后各时间点LD组MDA水平均低于对照组,但无统计学意义;对照组在停CPB和CPB后2h,红细胞开始溶血和完全溶血所需的氯化钠浓度明显高于LD组(P<0.05);CPB后两组血浆FHB浓度均升高(P<0.01),但LD组在CPB40min后各时点均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论新型白细胞滤器LD-1在CPB中能有效去除白细胞,保存血浆的抗氧化能力,抑制氧自由基对红细胞的破坏。     

Delayed normalization of C-Reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate was not associated with inferior clinical outcomes after total knee arthroplasty

BackgroundThe purpose of this study aimed to identify the proportion of patients with delayed normalization of C-reactive protein (CRP) and Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) after TKA, to determine postoperative thresholds predictive of prolonged elevation. Further, we aimed to determine if the clinical outcomes of patients with prolonged elevation were inferior to those without prolonged elevation.MethodsThe records of 211 unilateral and 320 bilateral TKA were reviewed. Patients were divided into the normal and elevation group based on CRP and ESR levels at 6 weeks and 3 months. The temporal pattern of CRP and ESR change in both groups was compared, and thresholds predictive of elevation at 6 weeks and 3 months were identified. Further, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) index and Tegner activity scale of both groups at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after TKA were compared.ResultsThe proportion of patients with elevated CRP and ESR at 6 weeks and 3 months was CRP: 24.2%, 10%, ESR: 51.6%, 29.9% in unilateral and CRP: 31.5%, 10.6%, ESR: 58.1%, 42.7% in bilateral TKA. The thresholds for elevation at 6 weeks and 3 months were 9.5 mg/dL, 11.4 mg/dL (CRP at 6 weeks) and 81.5 mm/h, 74.5 mm/h (ESR at 3 months). There was no difference in the WOMAC score and Tegner activity scale between both groups.ConclusionsCRP and ESR are often elevated for a prolonged period even in the absence of infection after TKA. Such cases show distinct temporal patterns, which are predictable, and do not appear to have a significant effect on clinical outcome     

Diabetic foot disease is associated with reduced erythrocyte deformability

The pathogenesis of diabetic foot disease is multifactorial and encompasses microvascular and macrovascular pathologies. Abnormal blood rheology may also play a part in its development. Using a cell flow analyser (CFA), we examined the association between erythrocyte deformability and diabetic foot disease. Erythrocytes from diabetic patients with no known microvascular complications (n = 11) and patients suffering from a diabetic foot ulcer (n = 11) were isolated and their average elongation ratio (ER) as well as the ER distribution curve were measured. Average ER was decreased in the diabetic foot patients compared with the patients with diabetes and no complications (1·64 ± 0·07 versus 1·71 ± 0·1; P = 0·036). A significant rise in the percentage of minimally deformable red blood cells RBCs in diabetic foot patients compared with the patients with no complications was observed (37·89% ± 8·12% versus 30·61% ± 10·17%; P = 0·039) accompanied by a significant decrease in the percentage of highly deformable RBCs (12·47% ± 4·43% versus 17·49% ± 8·17% P = 0·046). Reduced erythrocyte deformability may slow capillary flow in the microvasculature and prolong wound healing in diabetic foot patients. Conversely, it may be the low‐grade inflammatory state imposed by diabetic foot disease that reduces erythrocyte deformability. Further study of the rheological changes associated with diabetic foot disease may enhance our understanding of its pathogenesis and aid in the study of novel therapeutic approaches.     

库存红细胞清洗在新生儿及小婴儿体外循环手术中的应用

目的 对比体外循环(CPB)心脏手术中接受洗涤及未洗涤的库存红细胞(PRBC)对血清钾离子浓度(K+)及乳酸浓度(LAC)的影响.方法 选取复杂先天性心脏病(先心病)行CPB心脏手术的新生儿及小婴儿为研究对象,排除术前血乳酸大于3.0mmol/L的病婴.对照组(15例)接受未洗涤的PRBC进行CPB预充及术中添加,试验组(15例)接受用血液回收机(Medtronic Autolog)洗涤过的PRBC.在CPB前、CPB 3、15min、CPB复温、停止CPB前、术毕、术后4、24h比较血K+及LAC浓度.结果 洗涤PRBC显著降低供血中K+浓度[从(19.3±0.9)mmol/L降至(1.1±0.3)mmol/L,p<0.001]及IAC浓度[从>15mmol/L降至(7.8±1.2)mmol/L,P<0.001].对照组预充液的K+及ILAC浓度显著高于试验组[K+(9.0±0.5)rranol/L对(2.6±0.1)mmol/L,P<0.001;LAC浓度(9.5±0.5)mmol/L对(4.7±1.1)nrml/L,P<0.001].CPB 3min、CPB复温时对照组血清K+浓度显著高于试验组[CPB 3 min(5.6±0.9)mmol/L对(3.5±0.4)mmol/L,P<0.01;CPB复温时(4.8±0.7)mmol/L对(3.7±0.6)mmol/L,P<0.01];其余时点对照组K+浓度高于试验组,差异无统计学意义.CPB 3、15 min、CPB复温、停止CPB前、术毕、术后4 h对照组IAC浓度高于试验组,但差异无统计学意义.结论 洗涤PRBC降低血清钾及乳酸负荷,可预防cPB中高血钾.在新生儿及小婴儿复杂先心病CPB手术中应考虑应用清洗PRBC.     

左旋咪唑对骨折创伤后红细胞生物学行为的影响

目的 通过探讨左旋咪唑(LMS)对骨折创伤后机体红细胞生物学行为的影响,为预防和治疗创伤后深静脉血栓的形成提供新的思路. 方法 选取30只成年健康雄性家兔随机分为两组(n=15):创伤对照组(A组)与创伤用药组(B组).麻醉后,两组家兔均于小转子下方3 cm截骨并用钢板螺钉固定,其中A组不予处理,B组于术前30 min按照24 mg/kg肌肉注射LMS.所有家兔均于术前30 min,术后30 min、1 d、4 d、7 d抽取血样,分别测定红细胞丙二醛含量;检测不同时间点红细胞Ⅰ型补体受体花环率(RC3bRR)、红细胞免疫复合物花环率(RICR)、自然肿瘤红细胞花环率(NTERR),以及血流变性、红细胞刚性指数、聚集指数、变形指数等. 结果 红细胞免疫在术后30 min、1 d、4 dRC3bRR、NTERR B组比A组同时相高,而RICR B组比A组同时相低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);以上三项指标A组术后较术前差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),B组术后较术前差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).红细胞脂质过氧化在术后30 min、1 d、4 d红细胞中丙二醛均比术前高,同时B组比A组同时相低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组术后较术前差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),B组术后较术前差异无统计学意义(P>0.05). 结论 创伤能引起机体红细胞免疫功能降低,脂质过氧化增强,流变性变差;LMS可以明显改善创伤后红细胞生物学行为,即可能对于降低骨折创伤后深静脉血栓的形成提供新的思路.     

Human erythrocyte band 3 (EPB3) polymorphism: Analysis of blood and bloodstains by an immunodetection method and frequency of the EPB3* Memphis variant

Summary The erythrocyte band 3 (EPB3) variant, band 3 Memphis (EPB3*Memphis), was detected by immunoblotting with a monoclonal antibody to the 41 kDa cytoplasmic N-terminal domain of band 3 without protease treatment of erythrocytes. EPB3*Memphis was also detected by immunoblotting from 3-month-old bloodstains subjected to -chymotrypsin treatment. A population genetic study using this method indicated that the EPB3 variant would be useful for forensic work in Japan, since the frequency of this variant in Japanese (Wakayama prefecture) is relatively high (0.159).     

血液红细胞参数在危重症患者液体管理中的指导价值

目的：：探讨血液中红细胞参数跟中心静脉压( CVP)以及血容量之间的相关性,为危重病患者的液体管理提供参考依据和临床应用价值。方法：试验一：持续观察1例危重症患者41天,记录其CVP和红细胞参数,比较不同CVP水平间,红细胞参数的变化;采用Spearman相关分析,分析CVP与红细胞参数各个指标间的相关性。通过对比,得到试验所需最合适的CVP水平以及对应的红细胞参数值。试验二：选取3名危重症患者,确认患者的最适合CVP及对应的红细胞参数值后,通过与实际检测的红细胞值对比,指导患者的液体管理。结果：试验一：CVP>10组的RBC、Hb、HCT分别为：3.01±0.31,87.6±6.5,0.269±0.020。显著低于CVP<8组(RBC、Hb、HCT分别为：3.61±0.26,105.7±3.9,0.335±0.018)。 Spearman相关分析结果显示CVP与RBC、Hb、HCT均呈负相关。确定患者的最适合CVP为CVP 8~10 cm H2 O,相对应的最适合红细胞参数分别为：RBC 3.45×109/L,Hb 99.8g/L,HCT 0.310。试验二：在Hb明显高于设定的最适合Hb组中,补液后3名患者CVP均明显升高(P<0.05)。在Hb明显低于设定的最适合Hb组中,经过利尿对症处理后,3名患者的CVP明显降低(P<0.05),患者生命体征平稳。结论：红细胞参数跟CVP呈负相关,最适合CVP及最适合红细胞参数的设定对液体管理可能具有指导意义。     

Ultrasonography and erythrocyte distribution width in patients with plantar fasciitis

BackgroundThe measurement of plantar fascia thickness with ultrasonography can be used for both for diagnosis and as a response-to-treatment parameter in plantar fasciitis. Furthermore, with the recent studies, red cell distribution width may be used as an inflammatory marker. Aim of this study is to investigate the association of red cell distribution width and ultrasonography on diagnosis and monitoring of treatment in patients with plantar fasciitis.MethodsClinically diagnosed 102 patients with plantar fasciitis between the dates January 2016 to July 2018 were analysed. Hemogram, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and plantar fascial ultrasonography were obtained on initial evaluation and in 1 month, 2 months and 3 months of the standard nonoperative treatment; American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Hindfoot Score (AOFAS) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores were recorded. Posthoc and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis on SPSS 21.0.ResultsRed cell distribution width was correlated with plantar fascia thickness by the end of the 1 month (r = 0.26, P = .013). Female sex, BMI over 30 kg/m², higher red cell distribution width and higher plantar fascia thickness were associated with plantar fasciitis on initial evaluation. Higher red cell distribution width together with higher plantar fascia thickness were also found to be a risk factor for both on initial evaluation and 1 month after treatment in plantar fasciitis.ConclusionThis study shows that association of red cell distribution width and plantar fascia thickness can be not only a diagnostic predictor but also an indicator of treatment response in plantar fasciitis.Level of clinical evidenceLevel IV