良性上消化道疾病的食管动力学变化

目的：探讨良性上消化道疾病患者食管动力学的变化情况。方法：对３２例良性上消化道疾病患者进行食管测压检查。结果：３４．３８％的病例ＬＥＳＰ减低,８７．５％出现吞咽后同不收缩,５３．１３％出现自发性同步收缩,２８．１３％正常需动收缩完全消失,５０％出现远端食管平均收缩压力减低,５６．２５％出现远端食管低压收缩。结论：本组病例多有远端食管运动功能障碍,以吞咽后同步收缩为主,其与反流性食管炎以及一些临床症     

pH电极位置对反流性食管炎酸监测的影响

为探讨ｐＨ电极位置对反流性食管炎酸监测的影响,将６０例反流性食管炎随机分为对照（Ｃ）组和试验（Ｔ）组。 Ｃ组 ３０例用测压法将 ｐＨ电极置于下食管括约肌（ＬＥＳ）上缘 ５ ｃｍ处;Ｔ组 ３０例用 ｐＨ梯度法将电极放于胃食管连接处（ＧＥＪ）上方 ５ ｃｍ处。连续 ２４ ｈ ｐＨ监测。结果显示,Ｃ与Ｔ组前鼻孔至ＧＥＪ平均距离分别为（４６． ２±４．１） ｃｍ与（４６． ５±４． ５） ｃｍ,两者无明显差异（Ｐ＝０． ８）。两组前鼻孔至ＧＥＪ平均距离（４６． ３±４． ３） ｃｍ比 Ｃ组前鼻孔至ＬＥＳ上缘平均距离（４３． ３±３． １） ｃｍ低 ３． ０ ｃｍ（Ｐ＝０． ０００３）。食管酸监测的 ｐＨ＜４,总百分时间和总计分在Ｔ组（８．５和 ４５． ５）和Ｔ组中ＧＥＪ＞ＬＥＳ上缘＋３ ｃｍ和＜－３ｃｍ范围者（１０． ０和 ９９． ３）较Ｃ组（４． ８和 ２６． ３）均有明显增高, Ｐ均＜０． ０１）,而Ｔ组中ＧＥＪ≤ＬＥＳ上缘＋３ ｃｍ和≥－３ ｃｍ范围者（７． １和 ３９． ４）则无明显差异（ Ｐ均＞０． ０５）。研究结果表明,因 ＧＥＪ常比 ＬＥＳ上缘偏低,故以 ＧＥＪ安放电极（尤其是ＧＥＪ＞ＬＥＳ上缘 ＋ ３ｃｍ或＜－ ３ｃｍ范围者）对反流性食管炎行 ｐＨ监测时     

Inflammation markers in nasal lavage, and nasal symptoms in relation to relocation to a newly painted building: a longitudinal study

Introduction: There is a need to evaluate possible health effects of ventilation improvements and emissions from new buildings, in longitudinal studies. New methods to study biological effects on the eyes and upper airways are now available. Material and methods: A longitudinal study was performed on 83 trained social workers in two offices in Uppsala, Sweden. The exposed group (n= 57) moved to a newly redecorated building nearby. Low emitting building material had been used, including a new type of solvent-free water-based paint. The control group (n= 26) worked in the same office during the study period (November 1995 to February 1996). Hygiene management was carried out in both offices, at the beginning and the end of the investigation. Tear film stability (BUT) was measured. Nasal patency was measured by acoustic rhinometry, and eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP), myeloperoxidase (MPO), lysozyme and albumin were analyzed in nasal lavage fluid (NAL). Results: The relocation resulted in an increase in the personal outdoor airflow rate from 11 to 22 l/s. Indoor concentrations of terpenes were higher in the new building, and powdering of the new linoleum floor was observed. Measurements showed low levels of volatile organic compounds (VOC), formaldehyde, carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrogen dioxide, respirable dust, and microorganisms in the air of all buildings. The move resulted in an increased nasal patency and an increase of ECP and lysozyme in NAL, after adjusting for changes in the control group. No changes were observed for nasal or ocular symptoms. A seasonal effect, with a decrease of ECP, was observed in the control group. Conclusion: A well-ventilated office building can be redecorated without any major ocular or nasal effects, or measurable increase of indoor air pollution if low-emitting building materials are selected. In agreement with previous evidence, the improved ventilation flow may explain the increase of nasal patency. The increase of ECP and lysozyme in NAL suggested an inflammatory effect in the new building. Since this building had increased ventilation flow, increased concentrations of terpenes, and powdering from the polish on the new linoleum floor, identification of causative agents was difficult. The hygiene measures did not give any evidence that emissions from the new type of solvent-free water-based paints or building dampness were responsible for the observed nasal effects. Considering the higher emissions of VOC reported from older types of water-based latex paints and solvent-based wall paints, the new type of solvent-free water-based paint seems to be a good choice from the hygiene point of view. Received: 21 December 1998 / Accepted: 20 June 1999     

Roux-Y Gastric Bypass: an effective anti-reflux procedure

Gastric limiting procedures have made an improvement in the lives of those patients in whom they have been successful. Not only have there been marked improvements in diabetes, hypertension, and arthritis, but there have been a number of other ‘spin-offs’, not the least of which is control of reflux esophagitis by totally eliminating the secretion of the parietal cell mass of the stomach from rising into the esophagus. We compared a group of 100 obese patients with reflux esophagitis who underwent Roux-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) to a normalsized group of 23 patients on whom we had done Nissen fundoplications in the past. Visick gradings I-II of 100% vs 87%, respectively, may indicate a superiority of RYGBP over the Nissen procedure. Although the groups and time periods are too divergent to draw statistically significant conclusions, one can see that the RYGBP population was apparently better served considering their cure of ‘heartburn’ and other reflux symptoms as well as their achievement of sustained weight loss.     

胃逆康胶囊治疗反流性食管炎临床观察

目的 :客观评价胃逆康胶囊治疗反流性食管炎的临床疗效及安全性。方法 :选取经内镜检查符合反流性食管炎诊断标准的患者 185例 ,分 2个阶段观察 ,第一阶段为 1∶ 1随机双盲对照试验 ,胃逆康组 32例 ,吗丁啉组 33例 ;第二阶段为 3∶ 1的扩大随机对照试验 ,采用双模拟法 ,胃逆康组 90例 ,吗丁啉组 30例。治疗组予胃逆康胶囊 4粒 ,安慰剂片 1片 ;吗丁啉组予吗丁啉片 10 mg,安慰剂胶囊 4粒。均为饭前 30 m in口服 ,每日 3次 ,8周为 1疗程。结果 :胃逆康组近期痊愈 5 6例 ,显效 2 5例 ,有效 34例 ,无效 7例 ,总有效率为 94 .3% ;对照组近期痊愈 11例 ,显效 15例 ,有效 33例 ,无效 4例 ,总有效率为 93.7%。胃逆康组总疗效明显优于吗丁啉组 ( u=3.6 7,P=0 .0 0 0 2 3) ;对烧心、胸痛、反酸、打嗝等症状的消除率依次为 6 5 .4 %、72 .2 %、6 6 .7%和 78.0 % ,明显优于吗丁啉组的症状消除率 ,依次为 4 4 .1%、5 0 .0 %、4 9.1%和 4 7.4 % ( P<0 .0 5 ) ;胃逆康组内镜检查复常率为 5 2 .4 6 % ,优于吗丁啉组 33.33% (χ2 =6 .12 ,P=0 .0 13)。胃逆康组治疗前后血尿便常规、肝肾功能和心电图检查均无异常 ,有 3例出现轻度腹泻 ,2～ 5日自行消失。结论 :胃逆康胶囊治疗反流性食管炎功效明显优于吗丁啉 ,且使用安全     

奥美拉唑联合莫沙比利治疗反流性食管炎

目的　观察奥美拉唑联合莫沙比利治疗反流性食管炎 (RE)的临床疗效和安全性。方法　将15 6例RE患者随机分为A组和B组各 78例 ,两组均予莫沙比利 5mgtid ,A组加服奥美拉唑 2 0mgqd ,B组加服雷尼替丁 15 0mgbid。分别于治疗前、治疗后 4周、8周观察临床症状及胃镜变化。结果　治疗后 4周临床总有效率A组明显高于B组 (P <0 0 1) ,食管粘膜病损愈合率A组高于B组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;治疗后 8周临床总有效率及食管粘膜病损愈合率比较 ,A组均明显高于B组 (P <0 0 1)。结论　奥美拉唑联合莫沙比利治疗RE疗效明显优于雷尼替丁联合莫沙比利。     

嗜酸性细胞胃炎中的肥大细胞

目的研究嗜酸性细胞胃炎中的肥大细胞的分布及其意义。方法27例嗜酸性细胞胃炎常规切片．分别做pH6.40.5％甲苯胺蓝染色显示肥大细胞和2％硫染色人细胞异染颗粒，此镜观察。结果：在胃粘膜、粘膜下层及溃疡的肉芽组织中．均可见未释放型和释放型两种肥大细胞分布。不同部位不同类型的肥大细胞，被激活后均参与相应部位的炎性反应、引起粘膜溃疡和肉芽肿形成。结论本病的发生．主要与肥大细胞的分布和激活有着重要的关系。肥大细胞释放的各种介质、虽然双本病的发生起到重要作用，同时也具有一定的抗癌作用，这种病变属于一种迟发性免疫反应性疾病.     

匀气汤对返流性食管炎患者食管粘膜形态及食管动力学的影响

目的：观察匀气汤对返流性食管炎患者食管膜形态及食管动力学的影响。方法：４２例返流性食管炎患者，按照中医辨证分为肝胃不和、脾胃虚寒（ＤＣ组）和肝胡化热（Ｈ组）３个证型组。分别以匀气汤Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ号进行４周治疗。治疗前后计算症状积分，检查胃镜并测定食管动力学变化。结果：（１）症状绘解率８１．１％，其中Ｄ组症状缓解率低下Ⅰ组和Ｈ组；（２）食管粘膜治愈率６１．１％，有效率９０．５％，无效率９．５％，治愈率     

肺癌三维适形放射治疗中肺和食管损伤的相关因素分析

背景与目的在胸部肿瘤的放射治疗中，肺、食管等正常组织往往会受到一定剂量的照射，造成不同程度的放射损伤。本研究拟分析肺癌三维适形放射治疗中放射性食管和肺损伤的发生率及其相关因素。方法收集1999年3月至2003年9月首程行三维适形放疗的肺癌病例，总计112例，男87例，女25例，中位年龄64岁（20～87岁）。其中非小细胞肺癌97例，小细胞肺癌15例。放疗中位单次剂量2Gy，每周5次，中位总剂量60Gy。结果2级以上急性放射性肺损伤为7．1％（8／112）；2级以上晚期放射性肺损伤为1．8％（2／112）；2级急性放射性食管损伤8．9％（10／112）。单因素和多因素分析均未发现与急性放射性肺损伤相关的临床因素和物理因素。单因素分析显示，疗前体重下降≥5％和行化疗或同时化放疗的病例，急性放射性食管损伤的发生率升高，统计学分析均有显著性差异，其中疗前体重下降≥5％在多因素分析中也有统计学意义（P=0．016）。结论此研究未能发现与急性放射性肺损伤相关的临床因素和物理因素，但发现与急性放射性食管损伤相关的因素是疗前体重下降≥5％。     

返流性食管炎并上消化道出血临床分析

目的探讨返流性食管炎(RE)并上消化道出血的发病机制和治疗方案的选择.方法对30例RE并上消化道出血进行临床观察.针对其发病机制并采用洛赛克40 mg 5%葡萄糖(或生理盐水)250 ml静滴,2次/d,共5 d.止血后予以洛赛克 莫沙必利维持治疗观察止血效果和对RE治疗效果.结果洛赛克治疗上消化道出血显效80%,总有效率96.7%(P＜0.01).对RE食管粘膜病损有显著治疗效果(P＜0.05).结论各种原因导致返流物造成食管粘膜损伤为RE发病基础.洛赛克可作为RE并上消化道出血的一线治疗药物.