延续护理对消化性溃疡患者自我监控情况及心理状况的影响

目的 探讨延续护理对消化性溃疡患者自我监控能力和心理状况的影响.方法 选择消化性溃疡患者94例,采用随机数字表法将患者分为试验组48例和对照组46例,试验组采用延续护理随访模式,对照组实施常规出院指导,比较两组患者入院时及出院后6个月患者自我监控疾病情况及心理状况,出院后6个月分别记录患者溃疡愈合情况及幽门螺杆菌感染阳性发生率.结果 出院后6个月试验组患者自我监控各项指标较对照组明显提高x2=10.788,复发率较对照组减少;患者抑郁、焦虑情绪较对照组明显改善,t=-4.313、-6.929;试验组患者消化性溃疡愈合及幽门螺杆菌感染阳性率较对照组Z=-2.066、-2.108.结论 延续护理有利于提高消化性溃疡出院患者自我监控能力,同时改善患者的心理状况.     

自编军事应激条件下心理健康状况量表的信度与效度检验

目的编制军事应激条件下心理健康状况量表,检验其信度与效度,为更好地了解军事应激环境下执行特殊任务官兵的心理健康状况提供较为科学的工具。方法随机抽取经常执行特殊军事任务的官兵568人,分为A组(n=217)、B组(n=351),用自编军事应激条件下心理健康状况量表分别对2组进行测试,用A组数据对其进行探索性因素分析,用B组数据进行信度分析和验证性因素分析。结果此量表包括3个分量表:自我认知、应对方式、压力反应,其因素负荷分别为0.39~0.85、0.40~0.76、0.45~0.94,方差解释率均大于40.0%;信度分析结果显示,自我认知、应对方式、压力反应内部一致性系数分别为0.79~0.93、为0.83~0.86、0.91~0.94,分半信度系数分别为0.75~0.88、0.79~0.84、0.82~0.91;验证性因素分析结果表明,3个分量表的拟合程度较高,拟合指标的χ2值与自由度df的比值均介于2~3之间,近似误差均方根MSREA均0.08,拟合结果可以接受,说明该量表的结构效度较好。结论自编的军事应激条件下心理健康状况量表有良好的信度和效度,可在特殊任务部队推广使用。     

显微镜辅助经鼻蝶窦入路垂体瘤切除术的疗效及安全性评价

目的:研究显微镜辅助下经鼻蝶窦入路垂体瘤切除术的疗效和安全性。方法:回顾性分析垂体瘤患者病历资料,并根据手术方式不同分为接受显微镜辅助下经鼻蝶窦入路垂体瘤切除术的观察组和给予经口唇下-鼻中隔-蝶窦垂体瘤切除术的对照组,观察两组患者的术中应激程度、疗效相关指标以及并发症情况,并与已有研究进行比较。结果:1观察组患者的肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素、肾素以及血管紧张素Ⅱ水平均以及手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间低于对照组,激素水平恢复正常例数、改善例数均明显增多,并发症例数少于对照组;2与已有研究相比,观察组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间以及激素水平恢复正常例数、改善例数、术后并发症例数的差异均无统计学意义。结论:显微镜辅助下经鼻蝶窦入路垂体瘤切除术有助于减小手术创伤、缓解应激状态,并且能够取得与神经内镜手术相当的手术疗效。     

Circulating prolactin and corticosterone concentrations during the development of migratory condition in the Dark-eyed Junco, Junco hyemalis

Endogenous plasma prolactin and baseline corticosterone concentrations were measured in Dark-eyed Juncos (Junco hyemalis, n=27) photostimulated into migratory condition to look at how these hormones may be linked to the development of migratory condition. In addition to the commonly used assay for corticosterone, a recombinant-derived European starling prolactin assay validated for Dark-eyed juncos was used to measure endogenous prolactin in order to detect small but significant changes in plasma prolactin levels. In response to transfer from short (10.5L:13.5D) to long (18L:6D) days, the birds increased in body mass, fat score, daily food intake, and nocturnal migratory locomotor activity (Zugunruhe). On short-days, both hormones were low (corticosterone mean=2.89ng/mL+/-0.48 SE; prolactin mean=6.43ng/mL+/-1.31 SE). But, within 14 days of photostimulation both hormones increased significantly (Day 14: corticosterone mean=5.71ng/mL+/-0.77 SE; prolactin mean=19.67ng/mL+/-2.81 SE), rising further by Day 48 (corticosterone mean=8.41ng/mL+/-0.72; prolactin mean=112.67ng/mL+/-9.18 SE). On Day 48, birds with the most fat (fat score=3) had significantly higher corticosterone levels than those with less fat (fat score=2). This pattern, albeit not statistically significant, was similar for prolactin. These results illustrate that, independent of the seasonal peak in prolactin associated with the onset of photorefractoriness, plasma prolactin levels can rise, in concert with corticosterone, as birds come into spring migratory condition, providing some support for earlier hypotheses that these two hormones play an integral role in the development of migratory condition. Whether similar changes in plasma prolactin occur with respect to autumn migration, as does baseline corticosterone, has yet to be determined.     

A comparative study on alcohol-preferring rat lines: effects of deprivation and stress phases on voluntary alcohol intake

BACKGROUND: Voluntary alcohol intake in rats can be influenced by alcohol deprivation phases and stress. We investigated the magnitude of the effects of both deprivation and stress (forced swimming in cold water and foot-shock had been chosen as stressors distinct in their physical and psychological features) on alcohol intake and the influence of these experiences on the time course of alcohol drinking behavior. For the alcohol drinking procedure, a long-term model of alcohol self-administration originally developed for heterogeneous Wistar rats was used and was compared with different alcohol-preferring rat lines. METHODS: Adult male Alko alcohol (AA), alcohol-preferring (P), high-alcohol-drinking (HAD), and unselected Wistar rats were given ad libitum access to water, 5%, and 20% alcohol solutions for 6 months. A deprivation phase of 14 days was performed after 8 weeks of access to alcohol. After 16 weeks and 22 weeks of alcohol access, all animals were subjected to forced swimming and foot-shock, respectively, for 3 consecutive days, while alcohol intake was still being measured. RESULTS: Alcohol deprivation led to a significant increase in alcohol intake in Wistar rats and P rats. No alcohol deprivation effect was observed in HAD and AA rats; after deprivation, however, their preference for the 20% alcohol solution increased, immediately in the HAD rats and gradually over time in the AA rats. Repeated swim stress caused an increase in alcohol intake in Wistar rats but no changes in the alcohol-preferring rat lines. Foot-shock stress increased alcohol consumption in all lines of rats, but the most pronounced effects were observed in HAD and P rats. CONCLUSIONS: Wistar, HAD, P, and AA rats differentially respond to alcohol deprivation and stress, showing that the genetic background of these different rat lines profoundly affects relapse-like drinking and stress-induced drinking.     

Periodontal risk assessment in a teaching hospital population in Saudi Arabia’s Eastern Province

ObjectiveWith this cross-sectional study, we aimed to evaluate factors associated with moderate and high risk of periodontal disease (PD) progression in the Saudi population.MethodsWe reviewed 281 patients’ clinical charts from predoctoral periodontal clinics at the dental teaching hospital in the College of Dentistry (COD) at Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU) in Dammam, Saudi Arabia. After obtaining ethical approval, we determined the Periodontal Risk Assessment (PRA) of the included patients based on the modified criteria developed by Lang and Tonetti (2003). We used logistic regression on stratified data and divided the results into two categories (low-moderate and high risk) to assess the effect modifier for potential risk factors. We used SPSS version 22 for data analysis, and considered a P-value ≤ 0.05 to be statistically significant.ResultsOut of the 281 patients, 104 (37.0%) were male and 177 (63.0%) were female, with a mean age of 39.9 ± 14.0 years; 78.1% were Saudi nationals, 77% were married, and 44.6% were in the age group of 30 to 49. The PRA revealed 86 (30.5%) to represent high risk, 108 (38.3%) denoted moderate risk, and 88 (31.2%) signaled low risk for periodontitis. Logistic regression analysis showed that males were three times more likely to have high PRA (OR = 3.24) and to be married (OR = 2.77), as well as to be active smokers (OR = 8.87). The highest predictive factors of high PRA were 8 or more pockets ≥ 5 mm (OR = 29.0), those with active diabetes mellitus (DM; OR = 10.2), and those with 8 or more missing teeth (OR = 9.15).ConclusionSaudi males who are married and have residual periodontal pockets, are actively diabetic, and with missing teeth are at high risk of PD. Further research is needed with a larger sample size comparing the general population with and without PD.     

不同包装和贮藏条件下酸枣仁的质量比较

目的:确定酸枣仁适合的贮藏条件、包装材料和包装方式,为保障酸枣仁质量提供参考。方法:选用同一批酸枣仁样品,分别采取塑料编织袋包装、塑料袋包装、塑料袋真空包装、铝塑复合袋包装、铝塑复合袋真空包装和牛皮淋膜纸袋包装,贮藏在阴凉库(温度≤20℃、相对湿度为45%~75%)和药品稳定性试验箱[温度为(40±2)℃、相对湿度为(75±5)%]中,以性状及水分、黄曲霉毒素、酸枣仁皂苷A、斯皮诺素含量为考察指标,开展为期6个月的阴凉长期稳定性试验和加速稳定性试验研究。结果:6个月阴凉长期稳定性试验结果显示,不同包装条件下酸枣仁样品的性状以及水分、黄曲霉毒素、酸枣仁皂苷A含量均符合2015年版《中国药典》(一部)(后文简称"药典")酸枣仁项下规定;斯皮诺素含量均不符合药典的规定(不低于0.080%),但其中铝塑复合袋真空包装样品中斯皮诺素含量(0.079%)与药典要求接近。6个月加速稳定性试验结果显示,牛皮淋膜纸袋包装、塑料编织袋包装样品发霉严重,塑料袋包装、塑料袋真空包装样品表面颜色变暗,铝塑复合袋包装样品颜色稍变暗,但铝塑复合袋真空包装样品外观基本无变化;塑料编织袋包装、牛皮淋膜纸袋包装样品中水分含量超过了药典要求最高值(9.0%);仅在贮藏2个月时,编织塑料袋包装样品被检出黄曲霉毒素B1含量为8.64μg/kg,超出药典规定;各包装样品中酸枣仁皂苷A含量虽有下降,但均满足药典要求;仅塑料袋真空包装样品中斯皮诺素含量(0.084%)满足药典要求,其次属铝塑复合袋真空包装样品中含量(0.071%)相对较高。结论:酸枣仁以铝塑复合袋真空包装后置于阴凉干燥处为宜。