原花青素对大鼠急性高眼压后视网膜作用的实验研究

探讨原花青素(PC)对大鼠急性高眼压后视网膜的作用及其机制。方法 将Spraque-Dawley(SD)大鼠随机分成正常组、模型组及PC高、低剂量组。PC高、低剂量组用原花青素蒸馏水悬浊液分别按100 mg/（kg·d）和300 mg/（kg·d）灌胃给药5 d,正常对照组和模型组则同步灌注蒸馏水,5d后模型组和PC各剂量组分别建立急性高眼压模型,48 h后取出建立高眼压模型的眼球。电子显微镜观察各组视网膜形态结构,紫外分光光度计比色法检测视网膜组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛 （MDA）、一氧化氮（NO）、谷氨酸（Glu）和钙离子（Ca2+）水平。结果 电子显微镜图片显示PC可减轻视网膜组织水肿,减少视网膜神经节细胞凋亡。PC可提高视网膜组织中SOD活性,降低MDA、NO、Glu和Ca2+水平。结论 PC对急性高眼压导致的视网膜损伤有保护作用,其主要机制可能与抗自由基氧化,拮抗钙离子超载,降低NO及Glu对视网膜的毒性作用有关。     

Association Between Heat Stress Protein 70 Induction and Decreased Pulmonary Fibrosis in an Animal Model of Acute Lung Injury

The hyperthermia-induced activation of the stress protein response allows cells to withstand metabolic insults that would otherwise be lethal. This phenomenon is referred to as thermotolerance. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) has been shown to play an important role in this hyperthermia-related cell protection. HSP70 confers protection against cellular and tissue injury. Our objective was to determine the effect of heat stress on the histopathology of pulmonary fibrosis caused by the administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in Wistar rats. The rats were randomly divided into three groups. In the control group, rats were heated to 42°C for 15 min. In the LPS group, rats were given LPS in 0.9% NaCl solution (10 mg/kg body weight). In the WH (whole-body hyperthermia) +LPS group, rats were heated to 42°C for 15 min, and 48 h later they were injected with LPS dissolved in a 0.9% NaCl solution (10 mg/kg body weight). We investigated lung histopathology and performed a Northern blot analysis daily. Hyperthermia was shown to reduce tissue injury caused by the administration of LPS. Pulmonary tissue HSP70 mRNA was found to be elevated at 3 h after heating. HSP70 protein levels in the serum increased after whole-body hyperthermia. However, neither the expression of HSP47 mRNA nor the expression of type I or type III collagen mRNA was induced by the administration of LPS after whole-body hyperthermia. These data indicate that thermal pretreatment is associated with the induction of HSP70 protein synthesis, which subsequently attenuates tissue damage in experimental lung fibrosis.     

辣椒素敏感神经元介导地黄提取物A的胃粘膜保护作用

目的 搪塞神经调节在黄胃粘膜快速保护中的作用。方法 采用无水乙醇性胃粘膜损伤模型，观察干地黄８００ｇ／Ｌ提取物Ａ对辣椒素化学去神经前后大鼠的影响。结果 （１）胃饲取物Ａ６ｇ／ｋｇ有效防止随后立即给予２ｍｌ无水所致的胃粘膜损伤，损伤抑制率为７４．７％；（２）用１００ｇ／Ｌ辣椒煎剂预处理大鼠，提取物Ａ的胃粘膜保护作用没有明显变化，损伤抑制率为８８．２４％；（３）用４００ｇ／Ｌ辣椒煎剂预处理，提取物Ａ的     

胃粘膜血流量和适应性细胞保护作用——盐酸对胃粘膜血流量的影响

观察了不同浓度盐酸对大鼠胃粘膜血流量(GMBF)的影响,探讨GMBF和适应性细胞保护作用的关系。用0.6mol/LHCl灌胃产生胃粘膜损伤,用廓氢法测GMBF。结果:(1)0.01、0.04mol/LHCl使正常大鼠GMBF增加,不引起胃粘膜损伤;(2)0.6 mol/LHCl使正常大鼠胃粘膜血流量减少,并产生明显的胃粘膜损伤;(3)0.04mol/LHCl减轻了0.6mol/LHCl所致的胃粘膜损伤,翻转了0.6mol/LHCl所致的GMBF下降。提示在适应性细胞保护作用中,GMBF的增加起着重要作用。     

Influence of silymarin and its flavonolignans on H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative stress in human keratinocytes and mouse fibroblasts

The administration of antioxidants has been shown to enhance repair and healing processes in cutaneous tissue. Silymarin, an extract from Silybum marianum has been reported to be beneficial in the treatment of chemically-induced oxidative stress in mouse. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of silymarin, its flavonolignans silybin and dehydrosilybin and flavonoids quercetin and taxifolin against hydrogen peroxide-induced damage to human keratinocytes and mouse fibroblasts. The results showed that the cytotoxicity of hydrogen peroxide was dose-dependent in both cell lines. Pre-treatment with test compounds decreased oxidative injury. Dehydrosilybin and quercetin were the most powerful protectants. Silymarin was comparable to silybinin, its main component. This correlates with the antioxidant potential of the compounds. Our findings suggest that silymarin, flavonolignans and flavonoids may be useful as agents for improving skin tissue regeneration.     

白藜芦醇对氧化型低密度脂蛋白所致细胞损伤的防护作用

目的探讨白藜芦醇对氧化型低密度脂蛋白(oxLDL)所致PC12细胞损伤的保护作用。方法白藜芦醇预处理细胞,再加入不同浓度oxLDL,通过噻唑蓝(MTT)实验、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放实验、TUNEL实验及半胱氨酰天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶3(Caspase3)活性测定,观察白藜芦醇对细胞存活率、细胞膜通透性、细胞核及Caspase3活性的影响。结果10mg/LoxLDL组细胞存活率、LDH释放率、TUNEL阳性细胞数、Caspase3活性分别为(62±3)%、(23±3)%、(26±5)%和(0811±0049)mol·min-1·μg-1;10mg/LoxLDL+50μmol/L白藜芦醇组分别为(84±7)%、(13±4)%、(12±4)%和(0553±0048)mol·min-1·μg-1,两组比较差异有统计学意义。结论白藜芦醇具有减轻oxLDL致PC12细胞的毒性作用;对PC12细胞具有神经保护作用。     

Repopulation of osteosarcoma cells after treatment with doxorubicin in the presence of extracellular matrix biopolymers

Purpose: To elucidate the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) in repopulation capacity of osteosarcoma cells after doxorubicin treatment. Methods: OSCORT cells established in our laboratory from a human osteosarcoma, were treated with doxorubicin in monolayer for 4 h, then cells were further incubated either in monolayer or in ECM-containing three-dimensional cell-culture (3-DCC), apoptosis induction and changes in cell number were measured. Alkaline comet assay was applied to estimate DNA damage, immunoblot technique and immunocytochemistry were used to investigate p53 protein synthesis, and the repopulating capacity in monolayer culture and in ECM-based 3-DCC, after doxorubicin treatment was measured. In addition to OSCORT culture five other human cell lines (HT-1080, PC-3, MDA-MB231, A-431 and ZR-75-1) were used to compare the antimigratory and antiproliferative effects of doxorubicin. Results: The apoptotic index, the extent of DNA damage and the representation of p53 were much lower in the OSCORT cell cultures if the cells were exposed to ECM after treatment with doxorubicin. The doxorubicin-treated OSCORT cells transferred from the monolayer culture were not able to proliferate at all, at the same time, the cytoprotection provided by ECM prevailed upon transferring the cells into plastic dish, and resulted in potent repopulation capacity of the cells. Conclusions: Present data indicate that ECM contributes to failure in therapy of human osteosarcoma in clinical situation. Overall, the application of ECM-based 3-DCC could be suggested as an appropriate model system for the better understanding of antitumor drug action and hereby to set the stage for promising novel pharmacological approaches in cancer therapy.     

灭Hp胶囊三、四联疗法对Hp相关消化性溃疡疗效及胃粘膜保护作用的双盲对照研究

目的 观察中西医结合疗法对消化性溃疡（ＰＵ）的疗效及胃粘膜保护作用。方法 采用前瞻性、随机双盲、安慰剂对照研究。９３例Ｈｐ阳性ＰＵ被随机分为４组。Ａ组（新三联）：兰索拉唑（达克普隆）＋阿莫西林＋克拉霉素;Ｂ组（灭Ｈｐ胶囊三联）：新三联＋灭Ｈｐ胶囊;Ｃ组（灭Ｈｐ胶囊三联）：兰索拉唑＋克拉霉素＋灭Ｈｐ胶囊;Ｄ组（安慰剂）：胃舒平。;双盲双模拟用药。治疗前及治疗后４周复查胃镜,并检测胃粘膜磷脂、氨基已糖     

Fibroblast growth factor-2 and cardioprotection

Boosting myocardial resistance to acute as well as chronic ischemic damage would ameliorate the detrimental effects of numerous cardiac pathologies and reduce the probability of transition to heart failure. Experimental cardiology has pointed to ischemic and pharmacological pre- as well as post-conditioning as potent acute cardioprotective manipulations. Additional exciting experimental strategies include the induction of true regenerative and/or angiogenic responses to the damaged heart, resulting in sustained structural and functional beneficial effects. Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), an endogenous multifunctional protein with strong affinity for the extracellular matrix and basal lamina and well-documented paracrine, autocrine and intacellular modes of action, has been shown over the years to exert acute and direct pro-survival effects, irrespectively of whether it is administered before, during or after an ischemic insult to the heart. FGF-2 is also a potent angiogenic protein and a crucial agent for the proliferation, expansion, and survival of several cell types including those with stem cell properties. Human clinical trials have pointed to a good safety record for this protein. In this review, we will present a case for the low molecular weight isoform of fibroblast growth factor-2 (lo-FGF-2) as a very promising therapeutic agent to achieve powerful acute as well as sustained benefits for the heart, due to its cytoprotective and regenerative properties.