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51.
Catherine A. Hogan ChunHong Huang Malaya K. Sahoo Hannah Wang Becky Jiang Mamdouh Sibai Marisa Holubar Roshni Mathew James Zehnder Benjamin A. Pinsky 《Emerging infectious diseases》2021,27(2):632
We developed an assay that detects minus-strand RNA as a surrogate for actively replicating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. We detected minus-strand RNA in 41 persons with coronavirus disease up to 30 days after symptom onset. This assay might inform clinical decision-making about patient infectiousness. 相似文献
52.
Mohammad M. Obaidat James C. Graziano Maria Morales-Betoulle Shelley M. Brown Cheng-Feng Chiang John D. Klena 《Emerging infectious diseases》2021,27(2):653
The epidemiology of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) in Jordan is unknown. Our investigation showed 3% of 989 tested dairy cattle, sheep, and goats were RVFV seropositive and 14% were CCHFV seropositive. Ongoing surveillance is needed to assess risk to humans and protect public health. 相似文献
53.
Lorenz Ulrich Anna Michelitsch Nico Halwe Kerstin Wernike Donata Hoffmann Martin Beer 《Emerging infectious diseases》2021,27(4):1193
After experimental inoculation, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection was confirmed in bank voles by seroconversion within 8 days and detection of viral RNA in nasal tissue for up to 21 days. However, transmission to contact animals was not detected. Thus, bank voles are unlikely to establish effective transmission cycles in nature. 相似文献
54.
Katrin Gaardbo Kuhn Anne Kathrine Hvass Annette Hartvig Christiansen Steen Ethelberg Susan Alice Cowan 《Emerging infectious diseases》2021,27(4):1133
Campylobacteriosis is a disease of worldwide importance, but aspects of its transmission dynamics, particularly risk factors, are still poorly understood. We used data from a matched case-control study of 4,269 men who have sex with men (MSM) and 26,215 controls, combined with national surveillance data on Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp., and Shigella spp., to calculate matched odds ratios (mORs) for infection among MSM and controls. MSM had higher odds of Campylobacter (mOR 14, 95% CI 10–21) and Shigella (mOR 74, 95% CI 27–203) infections, but not Salmonella (mOR 0.2, 95% CI 0–13), and were less likely than controls to have acquired Campylobacter infection abroad (χ2 = 21; p<0.001). Our results confirm that sexual contact is a risk factor for campylobacteriosis and also suggest explanations for unique features of Campylobacter epidemiology. These findings provide a baseline for updating infection risk guidelines to the general population. 相似文献
55.
Jason K. Blackburn Ernest Kenu Franklin Asiedu-Bekoe Badu Sarkodie Ian T. Kracalik William A. Bower Robyn A. Stoddard Rita M. Traxler 《Emerging infectious diseases》2021,27(4):1216
The human cutaneous anthrax case-fatality rate is ≈1% when treated, 5%–20% when untreated. We report high case-fatality rates (median 35.0%; 95% CI 21.1%–66.7%) during 2005–2016 linked to livestock handling in northern Ghana, where veterinary resources are limited. Livestock vaccination and access to human treatment should be evaluated. 相似文献
56.
Young June Choe Eun Hwa Choi Jong Woon Choi Byung Wook Eun Lucy Youngmin Eun Yae-Jean Kim Yeo Hyang Kim Young A. Kim Yun-Kyung Kim Ji Hee Kwak Hyuk Min Lee Hyunju Lee Joon Kee Lee June Dong Park Eun-Jin Kim Young Joon Park Jin Gwack Sang Won Lee 《Emerging infectious diseases》2021,27(4):1196
A concerning development during the coronavirus disease pandemic has been multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Reports of this condition in East Asia have been limited. In South Korea, 3 cases were reported to the national surveillance system for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. All case-patients were hospitalized and survived with no major disease sequelae. 相似文献
57.
Jrg Hofmann Stephanie Kramer Klaus R. Herrlinger Kathrin Jeske Martin Kuhns Sabrina Weiss Rainer G. Ulrich Detlev H. Krüger 《Emerging infectious diseases》2021,27(4):1232
We report molecular evidence of Tula virus infection in an immunocompetent patient from Germany who had typical signs of hantavirus disease. Accumulating evidence indicates that Tula virus infection, although often considered nonpathogenic, represents a threat to human health. 相似文献
58.
E. García-Rojo J. Medina-Polo N. Miranda-Utrera P. Abad-López D.A. Gonzalez-Padilla A. González-Díaz A. Arrébola-Pajares F. Guerrero-Ramos Á. Tejido-Sánchez A. Rodríguez-Antolín 《Actas urologicas espa?olas》2021,45(2):124-131
Introduction and objectiveRadical cystectomy is a complex surgery with a high rate of complications including infections, which lead to increased morbidity and mortality, longer hospital stay and higher costs. The aim of this work is to evaluate health care-associated infections (HAIs) in these patients, as well as associated microorganisms, antibiotic resistance profiles and risk factors.Material and methodsProspective study from 2012 to 2017. Epidemiologic variables, comorbidities and surgical variables are collected. The microorganisms involved and antibiotic susceptibility patterns are analyzed.Results122 patients. Mean age 67 (SD:18,42). Mean hospital stay 23.5 days (18.42). HAIs rate of 45%, with predominant urinary tract infections (43%) and surgical wound infections (31%). Positive cultures in 78.6% of cases. Increased isolation of Enterococcus (18%) and Escherichia coli (13%). Forty-three percent of microorganisms were resistant to amoxicillin/ampicillin, 23% to beta-lactamases and 36% to quinolones. Empirical treatment was adequate in 87.5%. Hospital stay is increased (17 days, p< 0.05) due to HAIs. Lower rate of infectious complications in the laparoscopic vs. open approach (p< 0.001) and in orthotopic vs. ileal conduit diversion (p = 0.04)ConclusionsWe found a high rate of HAIs in our radical cystectomy series, with predominant urinary tract and surgical wound infections. E.coli and Enterococcus spp. are the most frequently isolated microorganisms, with high rates of resistance to some commonly used antibiotics. 相似文献
59.
Dane Christina Daoud MD Elena M. S. Cartagena MD MSc Katherine J. P. Schwenger RD PhD Nicha Somlaw MD Leah Gramlich MD Scott Whittaker MD David Armstrong MD Brian Jurewitsch PharmD Matreyi Raman MD Donald R. Duerksen MD James D. McHattie MD Johane P. Allard MD 《JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition》2022,46(2):348-356
60.
Jane S Chen Mitch Matoga Brian W Pence Kimberly A Powers Courtney N Maierhofer Edward Jere Cecilia Massa Shiraz Khan Sarah E Rutstein Sam Phiri Mina C Hosseinipour Myron S Cohen Irving F Hoffman William C Miller Kathryn E Lancaster 《Journal of the International AIDS Society》2021,24(4)
IntroductionHIV diagnosis is the necessary first step towards HIV care initiation, yet many persons living with HIV (PLWH) remain undiagnosed. Employing multiple HIV testing strategies in tandem could increase HIV detection and promote linkage to care. We aimed to assess an intervention to improve HIV detection within socio‐sexual networks of PLWH in two sexually transmitted infections (STI) clinics in Lilongwe, Malawi.MethodsWe conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate an intervention combining acute HIV infection (AHI) screening, contract partner notification and social contact referral versus the Malawian standard of care: serial rapid serological HIV tests and passive partner referral. Enrolment occurred between 2015 and 2019. HIV‐seropositive persons (two positive rapid tests) were randomized to the trial arms and HIV‐seronegative (one negative rapid test) and ‐serodiscordant (one positive test followed by a negative confirmatory test) persons were screened for AHI with HIV RNA testing. Those found to have AHI were offered enrolment into the intervention arm. Our primary outcome of interest was the number of new HIV diagnoses made per index participant within participants’ sexual and social networks. We also calculated total persons, sexual partners and PLWH (including those previously diagnosed) referred per index participant.ResultsA total of 1230 HIV‐seropositive persons were randomized to the control arm, and 561 to the intervention arm. Another 12,713 HIV‐seronegative or ‐serodiscordant persons underwent AHI screening, resulting in 136 AHI cases, of whom 94 enrolled into the intervention arm. The intervention increased the number of new HIV diagnoses made per index participant versus the control (ratio: 1.9; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2 to 3.1). The intervention also increased the numbers of persons (ratio: 2.5; 95% CI: 2.0 to 3.2), sexual partners (ratio: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.4 to 2.0) and PLWH (ratio: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.7 to 3.2) referred per index participant.ConclusionsCombining three distinct HIV testing and referral strategies increased the detection of previously undiagnosed HIV infections within the socio‐sexual networks of PLWH seeking STI care. Combination HIV detection strategies that leverage AHI screening and socio‐sexual contact networks offer a novel and efficacious approach to increasing HIV status awareness. 相似文献