Antiproliferative, cytotoxic and apoptogenic activity of Indian toad (Bufo melanostictus, Schneider) skin extract on U937 and K562 cells.

The antiproliferative, cytotoxic and apoptogenic activities of Bufo melanostictus (Indian common toad) skin extract (TSE) on U937 and K562 leukemic cell line has been investigated. TSE significantly (P<0.001) reduced the time-dependent cell proliferation and decreased MTT values in U937 and K562 cells. TSE (IC50 doses) suppressed the proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in both the cells. It was demonstrated that, TSE (IC50 doses) primarily arrested the U937 and K562 cells at G1 phase of the cell cycle. Confocal microscopy showed the altered fragmented nuclei and apoptotic bodies formation in TSE (IC50 doses) treated U937 and K562 cells. Membrane blebbing, cell surface shrinkage and perforation were observed through scanning electron microscope. TSE-induced DNA fragmentation in U937 and K562 cells was reflected in single-cell gel electrophoresis. TSE significantly (P<0.001) increase the length-width ratio of DNA mass as compared to control in comet assay. The flow cytometric analysis of annexin-V binding to the cancer cells further supported the apoptotogenic activity of TSE. The effect of TSE on normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells viability and cytotoxicity was studied in culture and found to be less cytotoxic than on the U937 and K562 cells. The findings from the present study suggested that TSE might possess potent antineoplastic agent having antiproliferative, cytotoxic and apoptogenic activity against U937 and K562 myeloid leukemic cells.     

心肌造影超声心动图评估心肌缺血程度的实验研究

本实验制作不同程度心肌缺血的动物模型，以声处理５％人血白蛋白为超声造影剂进行心肌灌注造影，探讨ＭＣＥ时间－强度曲线各指标与心肌缺血程度间的关系。结果表明：心肌显影的峰值强度和曲线下面积均与缺血程度呈显著负相关（相关系数分别为ｒ＝－０．９８，Ｐ值＜０．００５；ｒ＝－０．９４，Ｐ值＜０．０５），且能区分轻度、中度和重度三种程度的心肌缺血；而三项时间指标与心肌缺血程度间未发现显著性差异。本实验的初步结果表明，ＭＣＥ是一项活体评估局部心肌血流灌注的有效方法。     

膨润土对药用混悬液助悬性能的考察

本文报道了无机胶体膨润土(Bentonite)作为助悬剂在炉甘石洗剂中的应用,并与有机助悬剂及另一种无机胶体XVT—M进行比较,显示了其优异的助悬性能。     

改善胰岛素敏感性对血压影响的相关研究

目的 :观察胰岛素增敏剂二甲双胍改善 2型糖尿病胰岛素敏感性后对血压的影响。方法 :71例 2型糖尿病人口服二甲双胍 (格华止 ) 85 0 mg,qd-bid。治疗前后测定 BMI、血压、FBG、PBG、FINS、PINS,并按 HOMA模型计算胰岛素抵抗指数和胰岛素分泌指数。结果 :( 1)二甲双胍治疗 8周后 ,BMI治疗前后无显著性差异 ;血压治疗后明显下降 ,降压幅度达 ( 13.1± 4.97) /( 4 .2 2± 9.93) mm Hg,血压治疗前后有显著性差异。 ( 2 )治疗后 F BG、 PBG、 FINS均明显下降 ,治疗前后有显著性差异。 ( 3)治疗后 HOMA-IR下降 ,IAI升高 ,治疗前后有显著性差异 ,但 HOMA-IS、 FINS/FBG无显著性差异。结论 :二甲双胍治疗 2型糖尿病 ,在降低血糖、改善 IR的同时 ,伴有血压的明显下降     

Clinical office anesthesia: The use of propofol for the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia

Ambulatory surgery has become routine for many plastic surgery procedures. Anesthesia techniques including general anesthesia by inhalation and intravenous infusion and the dissociative technique have all been used successfully for outpatient anesthesia. Propofol (Diprivan), a relatively new agent, has proven to be a safe and effective general anesthesia agent for outpatient surgery. We report on our experience with propofol as an induction agent and continuous drip for general anesthesia maintenance in 100 consecutive outpatient, plastic surgery procedures performed in an office facility. Assessment factors were recovery-room time, nausea and vomiting in the recovery room and at home, hallucinations, patients' recollection of anesthesia experience, and overall patient satisfaction.     

Adverse reactions to non-ionic contrast media with special regard to high-risk patients

Non-ionic contrast media (CM) are proven to be significantly safer than the high osmolar ionic contrast media (HOCM). Nevertheless deaths are reported after administration of non-ionic agents. The aim of the study was to investigate the rate of adverse reactions to non-ionic CM with special regard to high-risk patients and the effects of premedication with H1-and H2-receptor antagonists.In a prospective study conducted over about 2 years 12 995 examinations with intravenous or intra-arterial non-ionic CM were evaluated. Premedication with H1-and H2-antagonists was used in 1276 high-risk patients with known adverse reaction to CM, history of allergy or severe cardiac or pulmonary disease. 229 patients received no premedication inspite of known risk factors. In total, there were 143 (1.10%) adverse reactions (mild in 0.58%, moderate in 0.41% and severe in 0.05%). In high-risk patients there were adverse reactions in 4.37% without and in 1.57% with premedication. There were no severe adverse reactions in the high-risk patients after premedication. The age of the patient, CM dosage and CM concentration were not shown to be risk factors in the present study. In conclusion, the additional premedication with H1- and H2-antagonists could be an effective agent to reduce the risk of mild and moderate adverse reactions and to avoid severe adverse reactions in high-risk patients. Correspondence to: U. Fink     

Singularities explained: Response to Klein.

Klein [Klein, A. S. (2006). Separating transducer nonlinearities and multiplicative noise in contrast discrimination. Vision Research, 46, 4279-4293] questions the existence of intrinsic singularities in two-alternative force-choice (2AFC) Signal Detection Theory (SDT) models, suggesting that the singularities found in Katkov et al. [Katkov, M., Tsodyks, M., & Sagi, D. (2006a). Singularities in the inverse modeling of 2AFC contrast discrimination data. Vision Research, 46, 259-266; Katkov, M., Tsodyks, M., & Sagi, D. (2006b). Analysis of two-alternative force-choice Signal Detection Theory model. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 50, 411-420] are due to discarding higher order terms in the Taylor expansion of d' and/or limited to steep psychometric functions. Here we provide some simple intuitive examples that illustrate the results described in Katkov et al. (2006a, 2006b). We show, for the constant noise model, that singularities exist when exact values of d' are computed and that the singularities are not limited to steep psychometric functions. In these cases the disambiguation of the different models requires millions of trials.     

Oculomotor nerve palsy due to thrombosis of a posterior communicating artery aneurysm following diagnostic angiography

We present a patient who developed a painful third nerve galsy two days after angiography had demonstrated a large aneurysm on the P1 segment of the left posterior cerebral artery. CT at this stage demonstrated extensive thrombus within the previously uncomplicated aneurysm. The haemodynamics of this aneurysm resulted in incomplete clearance of contrast medium from its fundus and we posit that this may have promoted thrombus formation. Six months later the aneurysm was shown angiographically to be completely occluded.     

Effect of chronic oral domperidone therapy on gastrointestinal symptoms and gastric emptying in patients with parkinson's disease

This study investigated whether domperidone could improve gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease who were receiving levodopa therapy. A total of 11 patients were studied. Following a baseline gastric emptying test, patients were treated with a starting dose of domperidone 20 mg p.o. q.i.d. A follow-up gastric emptying test was repeated at least 4 months after starting domperidone therapy. At the beginning and at each 3-month follow-up visit, symptoms of nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal bloating, heartburn, regurgitation, dysphagia, and constipation were evaluated and scored on a scale of 0–3. The overall mean follow-up period was 3 years. Compared with their baseline evaluation, patients experienced a significant improvement in all symptoms (p < 0.05) except dysphagia and constipation. Gastric emptying of an isotope-labeled solid meal was significantly faster, with a baseline result of 60.2 ± 6.4% retention of isotope 2 h after the meal compared with 37.0 ± 2.2% retention during domperidone therapy (p < 0.05). Patients' global assessment of Parkinson's disease remained stable or improved. Serum prolactin was elevated in all patients after domperidone therapy (p < 0.05). Domperidone therapy significantly reduces upper gastrointestinal symptoms and accelerates gastric emptying of a solid meal, but does not interfere with response to antiparkinsonism treatment.     

抗棘球蚴药物研究:3-取代苯基-5-取代-1,2,4-噁二唑的合成

合成了3-取代苯基-5-取代-1,2,4-(口恶)二唑类化合物50个,经感染棘球蚴的小鼠初筛,部分化合物对棘球蚴有不同程度的作用,化合物13、28和30对棘球蚴的囊重抑制率分别为70、75.6和71.6%,其中化合物13对棘球蚴的生发层有损害作用。