荧光定量PCR与ELISA法检测HBV-DNA结果分析

目的 :应用荧光定量PCR方法精确检测HBV -DNA的拷贝数 ,为临床判断病毒复制程度提供指标 ;对比分析荧光定量PCR方法和ELISA方法检测HBV -DNA的结果。方法 :用荧光定量PCR法检测 10 14例用ELISA法诊断为乙型肝炎病人的血清HBV -DNA拷贝数。结果 :10 14例病人中 ,病毒拷贝数≥ 1× 10 5的 4 99例 ,阳性率4 9.2 % ;HBeAg阳性患者的HBV -DNA拷贝数≥ 1× 10 5的阳性率显著高于HBeAg阴性患者。结论 :荧光定量PCR检测HBV病毒复制情况结果准确 ,对临床工作指导意义更大 ;HBeAg是一项重要指标。     

计算机X线摄影（CR）胶片中伪影产生的原因及解决办法

目的找出伪影产生的原因并采取相应的解决方法,减除伪影,提高CR影像质量。方法收集显示有伪影的CR胶片243张,分析伪影形成原因并探讨相应的解决方法。结果共找到13种伪影产生原因,如IP不洁产生的伪影、IP自身生成的伪影、荧光物质老化产生的伪影等,且每种伪影的消除方法也已探讨出来。结论针对性的解决方案能够有效减除伪影,提高诊断质量。     

Intestinal microbes direct CX3CR1+ cells to balance intestinal immunity

ABSTRACT

Intestinal damage driven by unrestricted immune responses against the intestinal microbiota can lead to the development of inflammatory diseases including inflammatory bowel disease. How such breakdown in tolerance occurs alongside the mechanisms to reinforce homeostasis with the microbiota are a focus of many studies. Our recent work demonstrates coordinated interactions between intact microbiota and CX₃CR1 expressing intestinal antigen presenting cells (APCs) that limits T helper 1 cell responses and promotes differentiation of regulatory T cells (Treg) against intestinal antigens including pathogens, soluble proteins and the microbiota itself. We find a microbial attachment to intestinal epithelial cells is necessary to support these anti-inflammatory immune functions. In this addendum, we discuss how our findings enhance understanding of microbiota-directed homeostatic functions of the intestinal immune system and implications of modulating this interaction in ameliorating inflammatory disease.     

Restoring immune suppression in the multiple sclerosis brain

Multiple sclerosis is a very disabling inflammatory demyelinating disease of the brain of unknown etiology. Current therapies can reduce new lesion development and partially prevent clinical disease activity, but none can halt the progression, or cure the disease. We will review current therapeutic strategies, which are mostly discussed in literature in terms of their effective inhibition of T cells. However, we argue that many of these treatments also influence the myeloid compartment. Interestingly, recent evidence indicates that myelin phagocytosis by infiltrated macrophages and activated microglia is not just a hallmark of multiple sclerosis, but also a key determinant of lesion development and disease progression. We reason that severe side effects and/or insufficient effectiveness of current treatments necessitates the search for novel therapeutic targets, and postulate that these should aim at manipulation of the activation and phagocytic capacity of macrophages and microglia. We will discuss three candidate targets with high potential, namely the complement receptor 3, CD47–SIRPα interaction as well as CD200–CD200R interaction. Blocking the actions of complement receptor 3 could inhibit myelin phagocytosis, as well as migration of myeloid cells into the brain. CD47 and CD200 are known to inhibit macrophage/microglia activation through binding to their receptors SIRPα and CD200R, expressed on phagocytes. Triggering these receptors may thus dampen the inflammatory response. Our recent findings indicate that the CD200–CD200R interaction is the most specific and hence probably best-suited target to suppress excessive macrophage and microglia activation, and restore immune suppression in the brain of patients with multiple sclerosis.     

CX3CR1对缺血性白质的损伤作用

目的明确CX3CR1在缺血性白质中的分布与表达及与缺血性白质损伤的关系。方法将150只成年雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为正常组、假手术组及缺血组,采用双侧颈总动脉永久结扎法制备缺血性白质损伤模型,造模28 d后Morris水迷宫观察学习记忆功能,同时于术后1 d、3 d、7 d、14 d、28 d观察胼胝体、内囊及视神经的病理学变化和CX3CR1表达量的变化。结果 (1)造模后28 d,逃避潜伏期、探索路径长度及跨越平台次数缺血组较正常组和假手术组明显增加,有显著性差异(P0.01);(2)随着缺血时间的延长,Luxol Fast Blue(LFB)染色可见髓鞘崩解范围扩大,分层明显,部分髓鞘空泡状;CX3CR1表达量逐渐增加,与CD11b标记的小胶质细胞数目逐渐增多相一致且高于正常组和假手术组。结论 CX3CR1通过介导小胶质细胞的变化对缺血性白质产生损伤,进而影响空间学习记忆功能。     

乳腺癌CR钼钯与彩色多普勒超声检查的对比与临床应用研究

目的探讨乳腺癌CR与彩色多普勒超声(CDFI)检查的影像学征象并对比。方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的112例乳腺癌的影像学征象特点。结果112例乳腺癌CR钼钯诊断与CDFI进行检查诊断其敏感性分别为94.7%、83.9%,特异性分别为96.4%、89.3%,准确性分别为92.8%、85.7%。结论CR钼钯及CDFI均为乳腺癌诊断优秀检查方法,肿块及钙化是CR钼钯诊断乳腺癌的特征表现。     

Toxicological assessment of a particulate yeast (1,3/1,6)-beta-D-glucan in rats.

This study investigates the toxicity of WGP 3-6, a yeast-derived beta-glucan ingredient, during single-dose acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies in rats. For the acute study, Fisher-344 rats were administered WGP 3-6 via gavage at a dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, and any evidence of toxicity was monitored over a 14-day period. WGP 3-6 was well tolerated, indicating that the LD(50) value is greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight. For the sub-chronic study, Fisher-344 rats (10/sex/group) were randomly allocated to receive daily gavage treatment with WGP 3-6 at doses of 0, 2, 33.3, or 100 mg/kg body weight. Control and high-dose satellite recovery groups of each sex also were included. Full toxicological monitoring and endpoint investigations were performed throughout and upon completion of the study. No negative effects on animal weights or food consumption attributable to WGP 3-6 were evident at any dose. In addition, no mortality, clinical pathology, functional/behavioral, microscopic, or gross observations indicating toxicity were observed. Sporadic changes in some biochemical and hematological parameters were observed; however, since the effects were within the physiological ranges in historical controls, were not dose-responsive, or were not observed in both sexes, they were determined to be of no toxicological significance. In conclusion, no adverse or toxic effects were observed after subchronic oral administration of 2, 33.3, or 100mg/kg body weight/day of WGP 3-6 in Fisher-344 rats, and therefore, a no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of 100 mg/kg body weight/day, the highest dose tested, was determined.     

灯盏生脉胶囊干预急性进展性脑梗死的前瞻性研究

目的：探讨灯盏生脉胶囊对急性进展性脑梗死（acute progressive cerebral infarction，APCI）的干预作用及外周血单个核细胞（peripheral blood mononuclear cells，PBMC）趋化因子受体1（CX3C-chemokine receptor 1,CX3CR1）、锌指蛋白A20表达的变化。方法：将起病7 d以内的100例APCI患者分为对照组和试验组，每组各50例患者，所有病例均采用常规治疗，试验组除常规治疗外还给予灯盏生脉胶囊治疗。分别于入院时、病程d 7,d 14和d 30检测两组患者Scandinavian卒中量表评分(Scandinavian stroke scale，SSS)、PBMC CX3CR1及锌指蛋白A20表达的变化；于入院时、病程d 30检测两组患者梗死灶体积。结果：对照组病程d 7,d 14及d 30 SSS均明显低于试验组（P＜0.05）；试验组病程d 30梗死灶体积及病程d 7,d 14及d 30 PBMC CX3CR1的表达均明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论：灯盏生脉胶囊可通过下调PBMC CX3CR1的表达而改善其预后。     

TaqMan荧光PCR技术在霍乱弧菌毒力基因检测中的应用

目的利用快速灵敏的TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR方法检测分离到的81株霍乱弧菌的毒力基因。方法根据霍乱弧菌毒力基因ctxAB和zot分别设计特异性引物和探针,在对2组引物和探针进行灵敏度、特异性和重复性评价的基础上对分离到的菌株进行毒力基因的检测。结果81株霍乱弧菌中,有20株菌（24.7%）产CT毒素,来自于外环境的有19株;25株菌（30.9%）携带zot毒素基因;5株菌（6.2%）CT阴性而zot毒素基因阳性。使用这两套系统检测其他肠道致病菌无交叉反应,检测限可达到2～20cfu/ml。结论本研究所采用的TaqMan荧光定量PCR检测霍乱弧菌毒力基因灵敏度高,特异性好,为今后霍乱日常监测和疫情应急处理提供快检的平台。     

HDA方案治疗急性非淋巴细胞白血病临床研究

１９８５年～１９９３年收治急性非淋巴细胞白血病（ＡＮＬＬ）２１８例，用ＨＤＡ方案治疗７２例，ＣＲ率为７６．３８％、ＨＡ方案治疗７８例，ＣＲ率４４．８７％、ＤＡ方案治疗６８例，ＣＲ率４８．８５％，ＨＤＡ组与ＨＡ、ＤＡ组疗效差异显著（Ｐ＜０．００５），ＣＲ后必须坚持长期多疗程的强化治疗才能延长生存期、提高治愈率。