白细胞介素35对口腔扁平苔藓患者外周血辅助性T细胞17与调节性T细胞平衡的影响

目的探讨外源性白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)35对口腔扁平苔藓(oral lichen planus,OLP)患者外周血中辅助性T细胞17(helper T cell 17,Th17)与调节性T细胞(regulatory T cell,Treg)平衡的影响。方法选取2016年10至12月就诊于贵州医科大学附属医院口腔内科黏膜专科门诊的12例OLP患者外周血(OLP组)(男性1例,女性11例,26~68岁;其中非糜烂型OLP4例,糜烂型OLP 8例),同期收集贵州医科大学附属医院体检中心的13名健康人外周血(健康对照组)(男性1名,女性12名,20~68岁),无菌提取两组外周血单个核细胞,流式细胞术(flow cytometry,FCM)分选外周血CD4+T细胞,采用实时荧光定量PCR(quantitative real-time PCR,qPCR)检测两组外周血CD4+T细胞中Th17、Treg细胞特异转录因子维甲酸相关孤核受体γt(retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptorγt,RORγt)、叉头状转录因子(forkhead box3,Foxp3)mRNA表达水平;将OLP患者外周血分选出的CD4+T细胞分为实验组与对照组,实验组加入重组人IL-35蛋白(recombinant human IL-35,rhIL-35),对照组加入等体积磷酸盐缓冲液,分别进行细胞体外培养,收集培养结束后的细胞,qPCR检测上述因子的表达水平。结果OLP组CD4+T细胞中Foxp3、RORγt mRNA的相对表达量[M(Q25,Q75)分别为0.15(0.09,0.30)和1.04(0.45,2.15)]均显著大于健康对照组[分别为0.04(0.02,0.06)和0.10(0.05,0.11)](Z=-4.134,P<0.01;Z=-3.699,P<0.01)。OLP组RORγt/Foxp3 mRNA比值[6.22(3.67,15.34)]显著大于健康对照组[2.50(1.24,5.23)](Z=-2.665,P=0.007)。OLP患者外周血实验组CD4+T细胞Foxp3 mRNA相对表达量[0.40(0.21,1.22)]显著大于对照组[0.15(0.11,0.26)](Z=-2.510,P=0.012),两组RORγt mRNA表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),实验组RORγt/Foxp3 mRNA比值[3.44(1.55,8.16)]显著小于对照组[6.22(4.43,12.21)](Z=-2.746,P=0.006)。结论OLP患者外周血中存在Th17细胞占优势的Th17/Treg平衡异常,外源性IL-35可通过促进Treg细胞扩增,实现对OLP患者外周血中Th17/Treg平衡的调节。     

循环毒毒蛇咬伤患者外周血Th1/Th2细胞因子的表达及意义

目的分析外周血Th1/Th2细胞因子在循环毒毒蛇咬患者中的表达,探讨其在病情评估中的意义。方法收集2016年3月至2017年10月循环毒毒蛇咬伤患者108例,根据国际蛇伤诊断标准分为轻度蛇咬伤组82例与重度蛇咬伤组26例,另外选择同期体检健康者30例为对照组。通过流式细胞术检测并比较分析各组患者T淋巴细胞亚群的分布情况及外周血Th1/Th2细胞因子的表达。结果与对照组比较,重度蛇咬伤组CD3^+、CD4^+T淋巴细胞水平偏低(P<0.01);细胞因子IL-4、IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α表达水平升高(P<0.05)。蛇咬伤组两两比较,重度蛇咬伤组CD3^+、CD4^+T淋巴细胞水平低于轻度蛇咬伤组(P<0.05),IL-4、IL-6、TNF-α表达水平均高于轻度蛇咬伤组(P<0.05)。结论循环毒毒蛇咬伤患者中存在有明显的T淋巴细胞数量的改变和Th1/Th2细胞因子表达紊乱,且与病情严重程度相关。     

CD146 as a new marker for an increased chondroprogenitor cell sub‐population in the later stages of osteoarthritis

Cartilage‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been isolated with different methods. In this study lateral and medial femoral condyles were respectively collected from patients with late‐stage osteoarthritis during the total knee arthroplasty. After digestion of the cartilage tissues with type II collagenase and analysis by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS) with CD146, a chondroprogenitor cell sub‐population were isolated and purified. The expression of other MSC‐associated markers in the CD146⁺ chondroprogenitors was analyzed by flow cytometry. Multi‐lineage differentiation capacity of CD146⁺ chondroprogenitors was compared with that of unsorted chondrocytes and adipose‐derived MSCs (ADMSCs). Higher percentage of CD146⁺ chondroprogenitors isolated from the medial femoral condyles was observed than that from the lateral. CD146⁺ chondroprogenitors expressed high levels of MSC‐specific surface antigens, and showed higher chondrogenesis capacity than ADMSCs and unsorted chondrocytes in a 3D cell pellet culture model. Thus CD146 might be a new cell surface marker for cartilage progenitor cell population in the late‐stage osteoarthritis. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:84–91, 2015.     

Expression of CD105 and CD34 receptors controls BMP‐induced in vitro mineralization of mouse adipose‐derived stem cells but does not predict their in vivo bone‐forming potential

Adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) can be excellent alternative to bone marrow derived stem cells for enhancing fracture repair since ADSCs can be isolated comparatively in large numbers from discarded lipoaspirates. However, osteogenic potential of ADSCs in vivo is very controversial. We hypothesized that adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) that respond maximally to bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in vitro would possess maximum bone‐forming potential. Four purified populations of mouse ADSCs: CD105⁺CD34⁺, CD105^?CD34^?, CD105⁺CD34^? and CD105^?CD34⁺ were obtained using fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS) and their BMP‐responsiveness was determined in vitro. CD105⁺CD34^? population showed the strongest response to BMPs in terms of robust increase in mineralization. Expression of CD105 correlated with high BMP‐responsive phenotype and larger cell size while expression of CD34 correlated with low BMP‐responsive phenotype and smaller cell size. CD105⁺CD34^? population displayed higher gene expression of Alk1 or Alk6 receptors in comparison with other populations. However, CD105⁺CD34^? ADSCs failed to induce ectopic bone formation in vivo after they were transplanted into syngeneic mice, indicating that in vitro BMP‐responsiveness is not a good indicator to predict in vivo bone forming potential of ADSCs. Therefore greater precautions should be executed during selection of competent ADSCs for bone repair. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:625–632, 2015.

     

CD105+滑膜间充质干细胞成软骨能力

目的 分选CD105+滑膜间充质干细胞(SMSCs),观察其增殖和向软骨细胞分化的能力.方法 酶消化滑膜组织分离SMSCs,流式细胞仪分选CD105+ SMSCs;第3、7天采用WST-1测定SMSCs的增殖能力;软骨诱导21 d进行免疫组织化学染色,检测蛋白聚糖和Ⅱ型胶原.结果 酶消化获取的SMSCs为星形或梭形,分选后SMSCs形态无明显变化.免疫荧光显示分选组CD105+细胞较未分选组明显增多.WST-1增殖检测提示两组细胞吸光度值3 d(0.376±0.012、0.329±0.012)、7 d(0.581±0.009、0.524±0.007)比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).成软骨诱导培养21 d后,分选组甲苯胺蓝和Ⅱ型胶原染色均较未分选组多且深,说明CD105+ SMSCs合成更多软骨细胞外基质.结论 CD105+ SMSCs具有较强的增殖和成软骨能力,CD105+ SMSCs可成为软骨组织工程良好的种子细胞.     

Monoclonal antibody therapy for B-cell lymphoma: clinical trials of an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody for B-cell lymphoma in Japan

Twelve patients with relapsed CD20+ B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) were enrolled in a phase I study of rituximab; 4 received rituximab 250 mg/m2 and 8 received rituximab 375 mg/m2 once weekly for 4 weeks. Grade 1 or 2 infusion-related toxicity was observed. Of the 11 eligible patients, 2 achieved complete responses and 5 achieved partial responses. The elimination half-life (T1/2) of rituximab was 445 +/- 361 hours, and serum rituximab levels were detectable at 3 months. Thereafter, 90 relapse patients with indolent B-NHL or mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) were enrolled in a phase II study and treated with rituximab at 375 mg/m2 per infusion in 4 weekly infusions. Sixteen patients were ineligible in protocol compatible analyses. The overall response rates (ORR) in indolent B-NHL and MCL were 61% (37 of 61 patients) and 46% (6 of 13 patients), respectively. Factors affecting response and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed for 77 patients whose histopathology was centrally confirmed as indolent B-NHL or MCL. The ORR in patients receiving 1 prior chemotherapy regimen was higher than the ORR in those receiving > or = 2 regimens (P < .05). The median PFS was shorter in MCL patients, in those with extranodal disease, and in those receiving > or = 2 prior chemotherapy regimens (P < .01). The PFS of patients with higher serum rituximab levels (> or = 70 microg/mL) immediately before the third infusion was longer than that of other patients (P < .01). Several pretreatment factors and serum rituximab levels are useful for predicting the efficacy of rituximab monotherapy. Rituximab re-treatment was well tolerated in 13 patients with no grade 3 or 4 nonhematological toxicities. A partial response was observed in 5 patients (38%), and the median PFS after re-treatment was 5.1 months. In conclusion, rituximab is a highly effective agent in relapsed indolent and aggressive B-NHL and MCL and has acceptable toxicities.     

急性心肌梗死和心房纤维性颤动患者CD62P、CD63与vWF检测的意义

目的 探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)和心房纤维性颤动(AF)患者血小板膜糖蛋白CD62P、CD63与vWF临床检测的意义。方法采用流式细胞技术和夹心酶免疫吸附试验检测AMI和AF患者CD63、CD62P和vWF的变化。结果 AMI和AF患者的CD62P分别为11．29％和8．72％、CD63分别为8．72％和2．66％，明显高于对照组(3．37％和1．32％)，AMI组的vWF为167．83％，明显高于对照组(102．71％)，AF组为117．05％，与对照组比较无显著性差异。结论急性心肌梗死和心房纤维性颤动患者CD62P和CD63的表达水平明显增高，进一步证实CD62P和CD63为血栓形成的血小板活性物质，参与血栓性疾病的促凝血作用。     

Mesenteric B cells centrally inhibit CD4+ T cell colitis through interaction with regulatory T cell subsets

Inflammatory bowel disease reflects an aberrant mucosal CD4+ T cell response to commensal enteric bacteria. In addition to regulatory T cell subsets, recent studies have revealed a protective role of B cells in murine CD4+ T cell colitis, but the relationship of their action to T cell immunoregulation is unknown. Here we report that mesenteric lymph node (MLN) B cells protect mice from colitis induced by Galphai2-/- CD4+ T cells. Protection required the transfer of both B cells and CD8alpha+ T cells; neither cell type alone was sufficient to inhibit CD4+ T cell-mediated colitis. Similar results were also observed in colitis induced by CD4+CD45RBhi T cells. Immunoregulation was associated with localization of B cells and expansion of CD4-CD8- CD3+NK1.1+ T cells in the secondary lymphoid compartment, as well as expansion of CD4+CD8alpha+ T cells in the intestinal intraepithelial compartment. MLN B cells from Galphai2-/- mice were deficient in a phenotypic subset and failed to provide cotransfer colitis protection. These findings indicate that protective action of B cells is a selective trait of MLN B cells acquired through a Galphai2-dependent developmental process and link B cells with the formation of regulatory T cells associated with mucosal immune homeostasis.     

Platelet characteristic antigens of CD34+ cells in cryopreserved cord blood: a study of platelet-derived microparticles in transplant processing

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In previous studies, we found that platelet microparticles (PMPs) bind to cord blood (CB) CD34+ cells and transfer adhesion molecules to them, which enhances their engraftment. Before applying this phenomenon in actual transplants, we investigated the effect of PMPs on cryopreserved CD34+ cells in CB. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We cryopreserved 18 CB units, then evaluated the binding of PMPs to CD34+ cells after thawing, by varying the expression of platelet characteristic antigens (CD41a, CD61, CD62P and CXCR4) on these cells. Adherence of the CD34+ cells, coated with freeze/thaw-induced PMPs, to endothelium and fibronectin was also studied, as were the effects of thrombin-induced PMPs from both fresh and preserved CB platelets. RESULTS: PMPs induced by freezing and thawing adhered less well to CD34+ cells than did those from fresh CB, and cells coated with these PMPs had poor adherence. However, thrombin-induced PMPs from both fresh and preserved CB platelets bound equally well to cryopreserved CD34+ cells and improved their adhesion properties. CONCLUSIONS: PMPs could be a useful tool for enhancing engraftment after CB transplantation.     

The impact of donor age and sex on the nucleated cell count and CD34 count in healthy bone marrow donors

BM remains an important source of stem cells. The BM characteristics change with age but the estimation of CD34 calculation of one CD34+ cell per 100 nucleated cells is used for all donors including pediatric donors in the operating room before getting the actual CD34 count. In order to see whether this formula is applicable for pediatric donors, we designed a retrospective study to see the affect of the age and sex on the BM NCC, CD34 count, and CD34/NCC ratios. Ninety‐eight BM collections from 91 related donors were evaluated retrospectively (median age: nine yr [1.5–54 yr]; M/F: 41/50). A significant negative correlation was found between the donor age and NCC (r = −0.229, p < 0.05), CD34 count (r = −0.563, p < 0.01), and CD34/NCC (r = −0.664, p < 0.01). The negative correlation for CD34 count and CD34/NCC persisted in female and male donor groups. When donors younger than 16 yr of age were compared with the older donor group, the median NCC, median CD34 count, and CD34/NCC were significantly lower in the older group (p < 0.01). Age and sex have to be taken into consideration to avoid unnecessary high‐volume collections and increased operating room time in the younger donors.