基底细胞癌的病理诊断分析及预后

目的：探讨基底细胞癌的病理诊断分析及预后。方法整群选取2010年10月—2014年5月在该病理科进行基底细胞癌的病理诊断的74例患者作为研究对象,并对其病理资料进行回顾性分析。结果74例基底细胞癌患者中,眶周部23例,占31.1%,峡部5例,占6.8%,额部9例,占12.2%,颧骨部7例,占9.4%,鼻翼部19例,占25.6%,上唇部6例,占8.1%,下颌部3例,占4.1%,背部2例,占2.7%。镜下可见瘤细胞团块状或巢状排列,细胞核大小不一,排列密集紊乱,胞浆少淡染,瘤细胞巢周围裂隙形成,间质慢性炎细胞浸润。结论基底细胞癌是皮肤科最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,及早进行病理诊断和治疗,预后较好,可以明显的提高患者的生命质量。     

Update and Mutational Analysis of SLC20A2: A Major Cause of Primary Familial Brain Calcification

Primary familial brain calcification (PFBC) is a heterogeneous neuropsychiatric disorder, with affected individuals presenting a wide variety of motor and cognitive impairments, such as migraine, parkinsonism, psychosis, dementia, and mood swings. Calcifications are usually symmetrical, bilateral, and found predominantly in the basal ganglia, thalamus, and cerebellum. So far, variants in three genes have been linked to PFBC: SLC20A2, PDGFRB, and PDGFB. Variants in SLC20A2 are responsible for most cases identified so far and, therefore, the present review is a comprehensive worldwide summary of all reported variants to date. SLC20A2 encodes an inorganic phosphate transporter, PiT‐2, widely expressed in various tissues, including brain, and is part of a major family of solute carrier membrane transporters. Fifty variants reported in 55 unrelated patients so far have been identified in families of diverse ethnicities and only few are recurrent. Various types of variants were detected (missense, nonsense, frameshift) including full or partial SLC20A2 deletions. The recently reported SLC20A2 knockout mouse will enhance our understanding of disease mechanism and allow for screening of therapeutic compounds. In the present review, we also discuss the implications of these recent exciting findings and consider the possibility of treatments based on manipulation of inorganic phosphate homeostasis.     

Distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-, calcitonin gene-related peptide-, somatostatin- and neurofilament-immunoreactivities in sympathetic ganglia of human fetuses and premature neonates

The distribution patterns of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), somatostatin (SOM) and neurofilament (NF) immunoreactivities (IR) were studied in the stellate ganglia of human fetuses and neonates at 24-26 weeks gestation. Sizeable populations with some quantitative variations of VIP-, CGRP- and SOM immunoreactive nerve cells were detected in all ganglia studied. In marked contrast, neurofilament expression was down-regulated. The upregulation of VIP, CGRP and SOM expression suggested their inductor effect on growth and differentiation neurons as well as on the development of their neurotransmitter properties. The main neuropeptides-inducing factor of sympathetic ganglia in human prenatal ontogenesis may be considered as a relative hypoxia.     

腮腺基底细胞腺瘤影像学表现与病理学对照研究

目的:探讨腮腺基底细胞腺瘤的影像学特点及其病理学基础。方法:回顾性分析经病理证实的13例腮腺基底细胞腺瘤患者的临床特征、影像学表现和病理结果,并将影像学表现与病理学结果进行对照研究。结果:病理检查结果,13例腮腺基底细胞腺瘤患者中7例为实性型,2例管型,3例小梁型和1例膜型。13例均为单发肿瘤,最大径小于3 cm;9例位于腮腺浅叶,4例位于腮腺深叶,突向浅叶;9例肿瘤为类圆形,3例为椭圆形,1例呈融合结节样。7例实性肿瘤增强后动脉期明显强化;2例囊性伴壁结节,增强后动脉期壁结节显著强化;3例实性伴囊变,增强后实性部分中等度强化;1例呈多发结节样改变,增强后结节明显强化。结论:腮腺基底细胞腺瘤好发于中老年女性,大多数呈最大径小于3 cm的单发类圆形肿块,其影像学表现与肿瘤的病理特征及分型相关。     

面部基底细胞癌中CD44、PCNA的表达及意义

目的　探讨基底细胞癌 (BCC)CD4 4及PCNA蛋白的表达及临床意义。方法　采用SP法行免疫组化染色 ,检测 4 0例BCC中CD4 4s、CD4 4V6及PCNA蛋白的表达。结果　在 4 0例BCC瘤细胞的细胞膜CD4 4s染色均 (- ) ,肿瘤部分间质细胞、附属器细胞膜 ( ) ;8例皮肤基底层、棘层细胞 ( )、BCC与皮肤组比较差异极显著 (P <0 0 1)。39例BCC瘤细胞的细胞膜CD4 4V6染色均 (- ) ,1例弱 ( ) ,部分间质细胞、附属器细胞膜 ( ) ;8例皮肤基底层、棘层细胞 ( ) ;BCC与皮肤组比较差异极显著 (P <0 0 1)。 4 0例BCC瘤细胞核PCNA染色均 ( ) ,其中 18例强 ( ) ,2 2例弱 ( ) ;2例皮肤基底层、棘层细胞核染色强 ( ) ,6例弱 ( ) ;BCC与皮肤组比较差异极显著 (P <0 0 1)。结论　BCC瘤细胞均不表达CD4 4 ,肿瘤细胞不能与基质中透明质酸相结合 ,限制了瘤细胞向基质游离生长 ,临床表现以局部浸润生长为主 ,基本上不发生远处转移     

三点法非对称回波水脂分离技术的基底动脉高分辨磁共振成像的可行性研究

目的比较不同频率编码方向FSE-T2WI和IDEAL FSE-T2WI技术的高分辨磁共振成像(high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging,HRMRI)对于基底动脉管壁显示的效果。材料与方法选择30名磁共振颅脑检查患者,采用不同频率编码方向FSE-T2WI(A/P)、FSE-T2WI(R/L)和IDEAL FSE-T2WI(A/P)3组序列行基底动脉同断面扫描,基底动脉管壁显示情况行4分法评价,并比较3组序列基底动脉的图像质量。结果基底动脉图像质量评分FSE-T2WI(A/P)、FSE-T2WI(R/L)、IDEAL FSE-T2WI(A/P)分别为81分、92分、115分。3种序列基底动脉图像质量两两比较,FSE-T2WI(A/P)和FSE-T2WI(R/L)差异具有统计学意义(Z=-3.317,P=0.001)。FSE-T2WI(R/L)和IDEAL FSE-T2WI(A/P)差异具有统计学意义(Z=-4.600,P=0.000)。FSE-T2WI(A/P)和IDEAL FSE-T2WI(A/P)差异具有统计学意义(Z=-4.540,P=0.000),IDEAL FSE-T2WI(A/P)对于基底动脉管壁结构显示效果最好。结论 IDEAL技术能显著消除颅底磁敏感伪影,使基底动脉管壁更清晰显示。     

立体定向引导下前额锁孔入路神经内镜血肿清除术治疗中等量高血压基底核区脑出血的效果

目的:探讨立体定向引导下前额锁孔入路神经内镜血肿清除术治疗中等量高血压基底核区脑出血患者的效果。方法:选取2018年3月至2019年7月郑州中康医院神经外科收治的95例中等量高血压基底核区脑出血患者,男56例,女39例,年龄(60.26±3.59)岁,年龄范围为50～75岁。按照手术方式的不同分为开颅手术组( ...     

超早期微创穿刺术治疗基底节区脑出血的疗效分析

目的比较基底节区脑出血超早期微创穿刺术与药物保守治疗的疗效,寻找理想的治疗方法。方法选择基底节区脑出血患者随机分为微创穿刺引流术组（50例）和药物保守治疗组（48例）,对两组患者的血肿消散时间,病死率,以及治疗后1个月和3个月临床神经功能缺损评分、6个月后日常生活活动能力（ADL）进行比较。结果病死率在两组间差别无统计学意义,微创穿刺术组的血肿消散时间比药物保守治疗组明显缩短,治疗后临床神经功能缺陷评分和预后ADL分级评估,可见微创穿刺术组也明显优于保守治疗组。结论：基底节区脑出血超早期微创穿刺手术治疗的疗效肯定。