Zapline‐plus: A Zapline extension for automatic and adaptive removal of frequency‐specific noise artifacts in M/EEG

Removing power line noise and other frequency‐specific artifacts from electrophysiological data without affecting neural signals remains a challenging task. Recently, an approach was introduced that combines spectral and spatial filtering to effectively remove line noise: Zapline. This algorithm, however, requires manual selection of the noise frequency and the number of spatial components to remove during spatial filtering. Moreover, it assumes that noise frequency and spatial topography are stable over time, which is often not warranted. To overcome these issues, we introduce Zapline‐plus, which allows adaptive and automatic removal of frequency‐specific noise artifacts from M/electroencephalography (EEG) and LFP data. To achieve this, our extension first segments the data into periods (chunks) in which the noise is spatially stable. Then, for each chunk, it searches for peaks in the power spectrum, and finally applies Zapline. The exact noise frequency around the found target frequency is also determined separately for every chunk to allow fluctuations of the peak noise frequency over time. The number of to‐be‐removed components by Zapline is automatically determined using an outlier detection algorithm. Finally, the frequency spectrum after cleaning is analyzed for suboptimal cleaning, and parameters are adapted accordingly if necessary before re‐running the process. The software creates a detailed plot for monitoring the cleaning. We highlight the efficacy of the different features of our algorithm by applying it to four openly available data sets, two EEG sets containing both stationary and mobile task conditions, and two magnetoencephalography sets containing strong line noise.     

Study on Hot Deformation Behavior of an Antibacterial 50Cr15MoVCu Tool Steel

Hot deformation behaviors of an antibacterial 50Cr15MoVCu tool steel were studied. The flow stress curves presented three typical characteristics: (i) a single peak dynamic recrystallization curve, (ii) a monotone incremental work-hardening curve, and (iii) the equilibrium dynamic recovery curve. The flow stress increased with the increase of the deformation rate at each deformation temperature and decreased with the increase of the deformation temperature at the same deformation rate. The thermal activation energy and material constants were Q of 461.6574 kJ/mol, A of 3.42 × 10¹⁷, and α of 0.00681 MPa⁻¹, respectively. The high temperature constitutive equation was: Z=ε˙expQ/RT=3.42×1017sinh0.0068×σ5.6807. Based on the processing maps and microstructure evolution, the best hot working process was a deformation temperature of 1050 °C and deformation rate of 0.001 s⁻¹.     

星点设计-效应面法优化炒茺蔚子炮制工艺

目的:利用星点设计-效应面法对炒茺蔚子的炮制工艺进行优化,为炒茺蔚子的规范化生产提供依据。方法:采用清炒法,以炮制温度、炮制时间、炒药机转速为自变量,总生物碱、盐酸水苏碱、水溶性浸出物、醇溶性浸出物质量分数为评价指标,对自变量各水平进行多元回归拟合,利用效应面法筛选最佳炮制工艺并进行预测分析。采用UV测定总生物碱的含量,检测波长520 nm;采用高效液相色谱仪-蒸发光散射法测定盐酸水苏碱的含量,流动相乙腈-水(60∶40),流速0.5 m L·min~(-1),漂移管温度70℃。结果:三项式拟合复合相关系数较高。最佳炮制工艺为炮制温度219℃,炮制时间2 min,炒药机转速14 r·min~(-1)。总生物碱、盐酸水苏碱、水溶性浸出物、醇溶性浸出物质量分数的平均值分别为9.82,2.50,86.16,193.28 mg·g~(-1),综合评分与三项式拟合方程预测值偏差0.87%。结论:利用星点设计-效应面法优化炒茺蔚子炮制工艺的方法简便且预测性良好,适用于炒茺蔚子的规范化生产。     

不同炮制方法对吴茱萸中3种指标性成分含量的影响研究

目的:比较吴茱萸生品及不同炮制品中吴茱萸内酯、吴茱萸碱及吴茱萸次碱的含量差异。方法:采用Agilent C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以乙腈-水(45∶55)溶剂系统为流动相,检测波长为225 nm。结果:吴茱萸生品及不同炮制品中三种成分的含量存在明显差异。结论:不同炮制品中吴茱萸内酯、吴茱萸碱及吴茱萸次碱的含量不同,为临床用药提供科学的依据。     

基于黄酮成分吸收代谢的炙淫羊藿炮制机制研究

淫羊藿为传统补益类中药,经羊脂油炙后可增强温肾助阳的作用。以往文献对淫羊藿的炮制研究主要集中在化学成分变化和药理药效变化2个方面,本课题组创新性从黄酮成分吸收代谢角度,并基于活性成分转化-肠吸收屏障网络耦联作用研究炙淫羊藿的炮制机制。炙淫羊藿炮制作用分为炮制过程“热”和炮制辅料“羊脂油”的作用2个关键环节,课题组通过连续承担3项国家自然科学基金项目,从ADME角度着重阐明了炙淫羊藿炮制过程中“热”的作用与科学内涵,并首次提出基于“自组装胶束”体内形成机制阐述炮制辅料“羊脂油”的作用与增效机制。该文就课题组多年来对炙淫羊藿炮制机制的研究思路和成果进行总结,并对后续的研究方向和内容进行展望,以期为现代中药炮制机制研究提供新思路与新方法。     

正交试验法改进胃炎康胶囊的制备工艺

目的 优选胃炎康胶囊的提取工艺。方法 采用正交设计法,以浸膏得率和芍药苷转移率为指标,优选 胃炎康胶囊的提取工艺。结果 最佳提取工艺为A2B2C2,即用8倍量的70％乙醇,加热回流提取2次,2 h／次。结论 优 选得到的工艺稳定可行。     

微波炮制苦杏仁的研究

应用微波技术炮制苦杏仁,苦杏仁酶灭活完全,苦杏仁甙含量不受损失。并对微波炮制时间和温度进行了研究。     

淫羊藿生品及不同炮制品小鼠药代动力学特征的比较研究

淫羊藿生品及不同炮制品的提取物对小鼠体内药代动力学特征参数的影响不同.为探索其炮制用药的合理性,作者分别灌胃给小鼠淫羊藿生品、加热品以及羊脂油制品提取液,以超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)升高量为指标,采用药理效应法得到时间-体存生物相当药量的关系.由DAS 2.0软件分析,比较其药代动力学参数.结果表明,三者的达峰浓度Cmax、药时曲线下面积AUC等药动学特征参数均具有显著性差异,油制品＞加热品＞生品.从而得出淫羊藿经加热后生物利用度提高,而辅料羊脂油进一步促进其体内吸收这一结论.     

炮制对肉豆蔻挥发油成分及肉豆蔻醚含量影响的研究

对肉豆蔻面裹煨、滑石粉烫和麦麸炒炮制品的挥发油进行了气相色谱分析,证明炮制前后挥发油主要化学成分相同,但各组分含量关系已发生变化。对肉豆蔻炮制前后毒性成分肉豆蔻醚含量变化研究表明,适宜的炮制条件可使肉豆蔻醚的含量明显降低。