家庭暴力对青少年饮酒和攻击行为的影响：链式中介效应分析

目的探讨家庭暴力对青少年饮酒及攻击行为的影响,并分析心理需求和道德推脱的中介作用。方法采用整群分层随机抽样法选择达州市2所初中和2所高中的1 280名学生为研究对象,使用儿童期创伤问卷(CTQ-SF)、基本心理需要问卷(BPNS)、道德推脱问卷(MDS)和青少年健康相关危险行为问卷(AHRBI)进行调查。通过链式中介效应分析家庭暴力与青少年饮酒及攻击行为的关系以及心理需求和道德推脱的中介作用。结果 CTQ-SF与BPNS评分呈负相关(r=-0.160,P=0.012),与MDS和AHRBI评分均呈正相关(r=0.330、0.250,P均0.01);BPNS与MDS和AHRBI评分均呈负相关(r=-0.220、-0.270,P均0.01);MDS与AHRBI评分呈正相关(r=0.420,P0.01)。家庭暴力对饮酒及攻击行为的直接效应值为0.041(P0.05),家庭暴力对心理需求、家庭暴力对道德推脱、心理需求对道德推脱、心理需求对饮酒及攻击行为、道德推脱对饮酒及攻击行为的效应值分别为-0.468、0.536、-0.241、-0.412、0.094(P均0.05),家庭暴力对心理需求至道德推脱对饮酒及攻击行为总效应值为0.295(P0.05)。结论心理需求和道德推脱在家庭暴力与饮酒及攻击行为之间发挥中介效应。     

Cumulative experiences with life adversity: Identifying critical levels for targeting prevention efforts

This paper aims to assess the role of individual types and cumulative life adversity for understanding depressive symptomatology and aggressive behavior. Data were collected in 2011 as part of the Teen Life Online and in Schools Study from 916 ethnically-diverse students from 12 middle, K–8, 6–12 and high schools in the Midwest United States. Youth reported an average of 4.1 non-victimization adversities and chronic stressors in their lifetimes. There was a linear relationship between number of adversities and depression and aggression scores. Youth reporting the highest number of adversities (7 or more) had significantly higher depression and aggression scores than youth reporting any other number of adversities suggesting exposure at this level is a critical tipping point for mental health concerns. Findings underscore an urgent need to support youth as they attempt to negotiate, manage, and cope with adversity in their social worlds.     

Percutaneous Microwave Ablation of Desmoid Fibromatosis

ObjectiveTo demonstrate the feasibility of percutaneous microwave ablation in desmoid fibromatosis with respect to tumor volume control and improvement in the quality of life.Materials and MethodsTwelve microwave ablations were performed in 9 patients with a histological diagnosis of desmoid fibromatosis between January 2010 and January 2019. The study population included 6 female and 3 male, with an age range of 21–76 years (mean = 46.6 years; standard deviation [SD] = 19.3 years). The mean major axis of the tumors was 10.9 cm (SD = 5.2 cm) and mean lesion volume was 212.7 cm³ (SD = 213 cm³). Their anatomical distribution was as follows: 3 lesions in the thigh, 2 in the gluteus, 2 in the leg and 2 in the periscapular region. We evaluated the reduction in tumor volume and improvement in the quality of life based on the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scale.ResultsAn average tumor volume reduction of 70.4% (SD = 24.9) was achieved, while the quality of life (ECOG scale) improved in 88.9% of patients.ConclusionPercutaneous microwave ablation may potentially be a safe, effective, and promising technique for controlling tumor volume and improving the quality of life in patients with desmoid fibromatosis.     

DWI结合常规MRI在侵袭性纤维瘤病诊断中的应用

目的：探讨DWI结合常规MRI对侵袭性纤维瘤病的诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析经病理证实的11例侵袭性纤维瘤病（共12个病灶）的MRI表现,其中6个病灶行DWI扫描。结果：12个病灶均以等T1、稍长T2信号为主,夹杂较丰富的低信号,均呈肌肉及其筋膜间隙塑型样表现,9个病灶向相邻肌肉内蔓延形成肌束样、羽毛状强化影。行DWI扫描的6个病灶呈高信号,ADC图上信号呈等或稍高于肌肉信号。结论：侵袭性纤维瘤病的MRI表现具有一定特征。DWI结合常规MRI不仅能够提高本病的定性诊断能力,而且能够更全面细致地勾勒病灶范围及边界。     

Investigation of the interleukin-1 gene cluster polymorphisms in Jordanian patients with chronic and aggressive periodontitis

Objective

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a proinflammatory cytokine that is highly elevated in response to bacterial biofilms and is a potential risk factor for periodontal diseases. IL-1 gene polymorphisms have been associated with the IL-1 level. The aim of this study was to investigate if IL-1 gene cluster polymorphisms are associated with chronic (CP) and aggressive (AgP) periodontitis in a Jordanian population.

Methods

A total of 100 CP, 80 AgP patients and 80 controls were genotyped using PCR for IL-1RN-86-bp VNTR and PCR-RFLP for IL-1A-889, IL-1B-511, -35, +3953, and IL-1RN +8006, +9589, +11100 SNPs. The distribution of alleles and genotypes between groups was compared using χ² analysis. Estimation of haplotype frequencies was carried out using the EH programme.

Results

The IL-1RN8006 SNP and the IL-1RN-VNTR were associated with CP but not with AgP. The C allele and TC genotype of IL-1RN8006 were increased in CP (P_corr = 0.002, 0.00026 respectively). The A1 allele and A1/A1 genotype of the IL1-RN-VNTR were significantly increased in CP (P_corr = 0.0007, <0.0001 respectively). The CA1 haplotype formed by both markers was present in 29 CP patients but not in any of the controls (P < 0.0001). No significant differences were found in the distribution of allele and genotype frequencies of the other markers between CP and AgP cases and controls.

Conclusions

IL-1RN 8006 and IL-1RN VNTR were associated with CP but not AgP in a Jordanian population, whilst other investigated markers in IL-1A, IL-1B and IL-1RN were not associated with either CP or AgP.     

侵袭性输尿管血管粘液瘤的临床诊治及回顾性分析(附3例报告)

目的 总结输尿管侵袭性血管黏液瘤(AAM)的临床及病理特征,探讨其诊治方案,加深对其的认识.方法 报告新疆自治区人民医院1991年1月-2011年1月诊治的3例输尿管AAM,统计并分析其临床各项指标.结果 3例输尿管AAM皆为女性,手术后病理确诊,随访至今未见复发.结论 输尿管AAM临床少见,好发于女性,临床症状隐匿,...     

不同液体复苏对重症急性胰腺炎患者预后的影响分析

目的探讨不同液体复苏对重症急性胰腺炎患者预后的影响。方法回顾性分析2009年3月-2012年10月我院SICU 172例重症急性胰腺炎患者的临床资料,根据患者入院后24h内液体复苏量将患者分成A组与B组,各86例。A患者给予充分性液体复苏治疗,B组患者给予限制性液体复苏治疗,比较两组患者的临床治疗效果和预后。结果 A组患者的急性肾损伤（AKI）发生率、AKI持续时间、肌酐峰值及连续肾脏替代疗法（CRRT）使用率均较B组有明显升高,两组比较具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;A组患者与B组患者在多器官功能衰竭综合征（MODS）发生率、CRRT使用时间、机械通气率、开腹手术率、住院时间及死亡率等方面无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论对于重症急性胰腺炎患者给予限制性液体复苏能够显著降低患者的AKI发生率和持续时间以及肌酐峰值,减少CRRT的使用率,减少并发症的发生,较充分性液体复苏具有更好的临床疗效,对于重症胰腺炎患者疾病的治疗和预后具有重要的意义。     

Prevalence of behaviour problems in Ajmer school children

In a questionnaire survey of 10,000 primary school children, parents and teachers reported behaviour problems in 38% of 6199 children on whom complete information was made available. Categorization of 3572 behaviour problems according to a modified APA-DSM II classification showed aggressive reactions to be the commonest (22.7%). This was followed by disorders of sleep (17.1%), unsocial aggressive reactions (15.5%), aggressive-regressive reactions (13.5%), regressive reactions (10.7%), school grade problems (8.7%) and others. Significant influence of sex, age and socio-economic class was noted on the overall prevalence, and prevalence of specific behaviour problems. A general lack of awareness among the parents about the childhood behavioural problems was noticeable from the pattern of utilization of the pediatric outpatient services in the study area. There is a need to educate parents on behaviour of children and the significance of behavioural deviations.     

Implications of Aggressive Children's Positively Biased Relatedness Views for Future Relationships

The present study examined the tendency of aggressive children to generalize the positive bias in their perceptions of relatedness across different interpersonal relationships. Secondly, it examined the implications of distorted perceptions of relatedness for quality of aggressive children's future relationships. Subjects included 62 second and third grade children nominated and rated by teachers as aggressive. Self- and others' appraisals of relationship quality were gathered across four interpersonal domains (i.e., mother, teacher, mentor, and peer). Children's positively biased perceptions of social relatedness were concordant across adult relationship domains but not across the peer domain, suggesting that children's relationships with adults and peers represent somewhat distinct socialization contexts. As expected, children who inflate levels of social relatedness establish less close relationships with novel partners (mentors). The findings emphasize the need for clinicians to focus on mental representations while planning interventions with aggressive children.