人类免疫缺陷病毒包膜糖蛋白V3区对细胞结合能力的研究

目的：研究人类免疫缺陷病毒（ＨＩＶ）不同亲嗜株包膜糖蛋白Ｖ３区结合于靶细胞的能力。方法：合成来源于不同嗜性ＨＩＶ－１Ｖ３区的生物素标记和非标记的多肽。采用流式细胞计数分析生物素化的 Ｖ３多肽对细胞的结合能力以及细胞表面的结合配体。结果：ＨＩＶ－１Ｘ４　亲嗜株ＩＩＩＢＶ３区能结合于多种细胞的表面，包括辅助受体ＣＸＣＲ４；竞争实验结果显示蛋白酶抑制剂能抑制该结合。Ｒ５亲嗜株 ＡＤＡ Ｖ３区只极微弱地结合于外周血单核细胞和表达ＣＣＲ５ 的人星形胶质细胞表面。结论：不同嗜性ＨＩＶ－１Ｖ３区结合于细胞表面的能力不同从亲嗜株Ｖ３区直接结合于细胞表面并被其自身所增强，其靶分子至少包括辅助受体 ＣＸＣＲ４和蛋白酶分子；而Ｒ５亲嗜株 ＡＤＡ Ｖ３区则不结合于 ＣＣＲ５和蛋白酶。     

Abnormal spontaneous and harmaline-stimulated Purkinje cell activity in the awake genetically dystonic rat

The genetically dystonic rat is an autosomal recessive mutant with a movement disorder that closely resembles the generalized dystonias seen in humans. Abnormal activity of neurons within the cerebellar nuclei is critical to the dystonic rat motor syndrome. Increased glutamic acid decarboxylase activity, increased glucose utilization, and decreased muscimol binding within the cerebellar nuclei of the dystonic rat suggests that Purkinje cell firing rates are increased in these animals. However, under urethane anesthesia, Purkinje cell simple spike firing rates in dystonic rats were less than half the rates seen in normal littermates. In this study, both spontaneous and harmaline-stimulated single-unit Purkinje cell recordings were obtained from awake normal and dystonic rats. In striking contrast to previous results obtained under urethane anesthesia, there was no statistically significant difference in average Purkinje cell spontaneous simple spike frequency between dystonic and normal rats. Similar to previous studies obtained under urethane anesthesia, Purkinje cell spontaneous complex spike frequency was much lower in dystonic than in normal rats. Many Purkinje cells from dystonic rats, particularly those from the vermis or older animals, exhibited rhythmic bursting simple spike firing patterns. Cross-correlations showed that complex spikes produced less suppression of simple spikes in dystonic than in normal rats and harmaline-stimulated complex spike activity was, on average, faster and more rhythmic in normal than in dystonic rats. These findings indicate that olivocerebellar network abnormalities in the dystonic rat are not due to an inability of Purkinje cells to fire at normal rates and suggest that abnormal Purkinje cell bursting firing patterns in the dystonic rat are due to a defect in the pathway from the inferior olive to climbing fiber synapses on Purkinje cells.     

抗人CD38分子单克隆抗体生物学功能研究

目的 研究抗人CD38单克隆抗体(1C6)的生物学功能.观察1C6对多种肿瘤细胞系生长增殖的影响,利用不同刺激原诱导的淋巴细胞增殖反应,观察抗人CD38单克隆抗体(1C6)在人外周血淋巴细胞增殖反应中的作用.方法 以MTT法检测单克隆抗体抑制细胞增殖以及介导补体杀伤靶细胞的功能.利用抗人CD3单克隆抗体刺激人外周血淋巴细胞增殖、同种异型抗原诱导混合淋巴细胞反应,在加入或未加入抗人CD38单克隆抗体(1C6)的情况下,观察细胞形态并检测3H-TdR掺入量.结果 加入不同浓度的1C6的实验组与对照组相比,多种细胞系的生长受到不同程度的抑制.不同刺激原诱导的淋巴细胞增殖反应中,加入1C6的实验组细胞克隆明显减少,3H-TdR掺入量明显下降,细胞增殖受抑.结论 1C6可抑制多种肿瘤细胞的生长,可介导补体杀伤多种靶细胞.1C6对抗CD3刺激的外周血淋巴细胞增殖以及混合淋巴细胞培养均具有明显的抑制效应.     

Caspase-3在成年大鼠中枢神经系统分布的免疫组织化学研究

采用免疫组织化学ABC法观察caspase3在成年大鼠中枢神经系统不同区域内的分布。caspase3阳性反应产物主要分布于脊髓前角和侧角大型运动神经元及中型神经元的胞浆、胞核及突起;脊髓后角及灰质连合的中、小型神经元的胞核及胞浆亦可见caspase3阳性反应产物;脊髓白质内的星形胶质细胞、小胶质细胞及少突胶质细胞的胞核和胞浆,caspase3阳性反应产物呈强阳性反应。在延髓内,caspase3阳性反应产物定位于中央灰质、三叉神经尾侧亚核和中央网状核内中型神经元的胞浆。大脑皮层各区内的caspase3阳性反应产物集中分布于ⅢⅤ层锥体细胞的胞浆,呈弱阳性反应。海马的CA1、CA2、CA3、CA4区的锥体细胞层的细胞,胞浆亦呈弱阳性反应。小脑内,以Purkinje细胞胞浆着色为主。乳头体核、尾状核、豆状核、嗅前核后部、嗅结节及丘脑等部位亦可见caspase3阳性神经元。本研究的结果说明caspase3在中枢神经系统内广泛分布,且在不同部位神经元的亚细胞分布存在差异。     

转化生长因子α,β1对大鼠肺泡Ⅱ型细胞生长的影响

目的 探讨转化生长因子α和β１对肺泡Ⅱ型细胞增生的影响及其作用机制。方法 采用原代培养的成年大鼠肺泡Ⅱ型细胞,加入ＴＧＦα、ＴＧＦβ１作用４８小时,测定肺泡Ⅱ型细＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入量和细胞数量,并用斑点杂交、原位杂交和免疫组化方法检测细胞内细胞周期蛋白Ｄ１、细胞周期依赖性激酶４ ｍＲＮＡ和蛋白的表达。结果 随ＴＧＦα浓度递增,肺泡Ⅱ型细胞＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入量和细胞数量均逐渐增加,呈量效正相关;ＴＧ     

Inhibitory effect of oral administration of Lactobacillus casei on 3-methylcholanthrene-induced carcinogenesis in mice

The present study was designed to determine whether tumor induction by 3-methylcholanthrene (MC), a carcinogenic hydrocarbon, can be inhibited by oral administration of Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota (LC). C3H/HeN mice were divided into four groups and assigned to the following treatments: treated with MC and given control or LC-containing diet; treated with vehicle only and given control or LC-containing diet. MC (1 mg) was injected intradermally at 7 weeks of age and the tumor incidence was monitored; LC was mixed into a diet at a concentration of 0.05% (w/w) and the diet was fed from the day of MC injection throughout the study. Spleen cells were analyzed for the immune parameters at 12 and 16 weeks after the MC injection. Oral feeding of mice with LC reduced tumor incidence (P < 0.05). MC treatment lowered the in vitro response to concanavalin A (Con A) of spleen cells, the secretion of interleukin-2 in spleen cell culture after stimulation of the cells with Con A and the proportions of CD3⁺, CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ splenic cells. However, the analysis of the spleen cells obtained from the mice treated with MC and given the LC-containing diet revealed that these disrupted host immune parameters were maintained at the level of normal controls. These results suggest that oral feeding of mice with LC inhibits MC-induced tumorigenesis by modulating the disrupted host immune responses during MC carcinogenesis. Received: 14 April 1999     

管花苷B对抗H2O2诱导的PC12细胞凋亡

目的：观察肉苁蓉提取物管花苷B对H₂O₂诱导的PC12细胞损伤的影响。方法：用MTT法检测细胞存活率，以激光共聚焦显微镜荧光染色法检测细胞内活性氧的产生和线粒体膜电位的变化，DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳和流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡的发生，并用荧光酶标仪测定caspase-3的活性。结果：100 μmol·L^-1 H₂O₂处理细胞24 h显著降低细胞的存活率；诱导细胞发生凋亡，凋亡率达48.0％；细胞内活性氧水平及caspase-3的活性显著升高；而线粒体膜电位却明显降低，红/绿荧光强度的比值由正常的5.97降低为0.41左右。而预先给予1、10或100 mg·L^-1浓度的管花苷B处理细胞12 h，可显著提高细胞存活率；并可有效抑制DNA ladder的发生；流式细胞仪检测凋亡率分别降低到30.9%、18.3%和6.2%；激光共聚焦显微镜结果显示管花苷B可明显降低细胞内活性氧的水平；并可逐渐恢复线粒体的高能量状态；caspase-3的活性不断降低，并呈现了一定的剂量依赖性。结论：管花苷B能显著地抑制H₂O₂诱导的PC12细胞凋亡，其神经细胞保护作用可能与其降低细胞内活性氧水平，维持线粒体膜电位的高能状态和抑制caspase-3的活性有关。     

Caspase与妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症的相关性研究

目的 探讨细胞凋亡因子Caspases（半胱天冬氨酸蛋白酶）增加是否与妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症（ICP）的发病具有相关性。方法 采取剖宫产分娩的27例ICP孕妇（研究组）和30例正常孕妇（对照组）的胎盘组织。①用TUNEL原位标记术精确测定ICP孕妇（研究组）和正常孕妇（对照组）胎盘组织细胞凋亡指数。②用免疫组化法检测ICP孕妇（研究组）和正常孕妇（对照组）胎盘组织中Caspase-3，Caspase-9的表达情况。结果 研究组中合体滋养细胞中的凋亡指数高于对照组（P〈0．05），研究组促凋亡蛋白Caspase-3，Caspase-9在合体滋养细胞的阳性表达率高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论 合体滋养细胞中的细胞凋亡增加与妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症的发病具有相关性，可能在ICP的发病发展过程中具有一定作用。     

Mucosal bromodomain-containing protein 4 mediates aeroallergen-induced inflammation and remodeling

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Dual function of Langerhans cells in skin TSLP-promoted TFH differentiation in mouse atopic dermatitis

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