食管胃吻合口-胸腔瘘的影像学诊断和介入治疗

目的：探讨食管胃吻合口-胸腔瘘的影像学特征及其介入治疗方法。方法：回顾性分析6例具有完整临床资料的食管胃吻合口-胸腔瘘的口服碘水造影及CT表现；透视下，置入蘑菇状覆膜内支架封堵瘘口。结果：6例口服碘水造影显示对比剂均经吻合口溢入胸腔；6例螺旋CT检查，其中5例显示吻合口与胸腔相通，1例瘘口小而未显示。全部病例顺利置入内支架，既完全封堵了瘘口，又解决了进食问题。结论：根据口服碘水造影和螺旋CT征象可以诊断食管胃吻合口-胸腔瘘，置入蘑菇状覆膜内支架封堵瘘口操作简单、安全、近期疗效明显，是一项值得推广的新技术。     

邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯对新生小鼠睾丸及Leydig细胞影响的实验研究

目的:探讨邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯(DEHP)对新生小鼠睾丸及Leyd ig细胞形态结构及功能的影响。方法:DEHP分别以低、中、高3组剂量[100、200、500 mg/(kg.d)]灌胃作用于怀孕12 d到产后3 d(GD12~PND3)的KM母鼠,观察DEHP对新生雄性仔鼠体重、睾丸重量、Leyd ig细胞形态结构和3β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶(3-βHSD)活性、酶反应面积的影响。结果:DEHP作用于母鼠后,其雄性子代幼鼠体重和睾丸重量减轻,睾丸Leyd ig细胞形态、超微结构发生改变;高剂量组Leyd ig细胞数量明显增多;低、中剂量组睾酮合成关键酶3β-HSD酶活性下降,酶反应面积减小,但高剂量组在仔鼠出生后15 d时酶活性降低[(吸光度值(0.154±0.011)vs空白对照组(0.222±0.013),P<0.01],而酶反应面积增大[(6 303.0±745.6)μm2vs空白对照组(5 091.4±214.4)μm2,P<0.01)]。结论:DEHP能影响新生雄性小鼠体重、睾丸重量、Leyd ig细胞的形态结构和3β-HSD活性,具有抗雄激素效应。     

静注碳酸氢钠联合西比灵治疗眩晕50例临床观察

我院2001年2月～2003年10月试用静脉注射5％碳酸氢钠佐以口服西比灵治疗眩晕50例，获得良好效果，报告如下：     

柱色谱-紫外分光光度法测定广金钱草中总黄酮的含量

目的建立广金钱草中总黄酮的含量测定方法。方法选用测定波长272nm，以6-C-葡萄糖-8-C-木糖洋芹素(vicenin-2)为对照品，采用柱色谱-紫外分光光度法对不同来源的广金钱草进行了总黄酮的含量测定。结果vicenin-2在10．8～25．2μg／mL具有良好的线性关系，回归方程为Y=0．0309x 0．016(r=0．9999)，平均回收率为100．82％，RSD为1．30％。结论该方法操作简便，结果准确，重复性好，可用于广金钱草的质量控制。     

浅谈性染色体异常及真两性畸形

人体性别的决定，主要由遗传物质的载体-染色体来控制的。细胞中的染色体可分为两类，即常染色体和性染色体。正常人的体细胞中染色体有23对，其中正常染色体有22对，性染色体1对(女性为XX，男性为XY)，凡是进行有性生殖的生物体，在从原始的生殖细胞发展到成熟的生殖细胞(精子或卵细胞)的过程中，都要进行减数分裂。女性新生儿卵巢内含有15万～50万个初级卵泡。至青春期，成批的初级卵泡开始发育，排卵时，初级卵泡完成了第一次减数分裂，形成了次级卵母细胞和第一极体；排卵后，次级卵母细胞开始第二次减数分裂，但未全部完成停留在成熟分裂的中期，直到日后次级卵母细胞与精子相遇时，才完成第二次减数分裂，捧出第二极体，而成为成熟的卵细胞。     

H5亚型禽流感疫苗研制成功

据新华社北京3月11日电农业部11日宣布,我国近日研制成功两种新型H5亚型禽流感疫苗。农业部已批准上述产品批量化生产,在部分省、自治区进行扩大区域性试验。在农业部和科技部共同主持下,通过科研人员不懈的努力,具有国际先进水平的新型H5N1亚型禽流感灭活疫苗和重组禽痘病毒活载体疫苗,由农业部动物流感重点开放实验室及国家禽流感参考实验室研制成功。     

高晶体-高胶体渗透压混合液对失血性休克大鼠血浆及不同组织中血管紧张素Ⅱ水平的影响

高晶体-高胶体渗透压混合液(HHS)在失血性休克的早期复苏中具有等渗溶液不可比拟的优越性，其可能的机制包括：扩容、改善心功能、降低外周血管阻力、改善免疫功能以及调节内分泌功能等。肾素．血管紧张素系统(RAS)在失血性休克后内分泌的变化中起重要作用。RAS最重要的产物就是血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)。有研究表明，高渗盐水及羟乙基淀粉(HES)均有降低循环中AngⅡ的作用，但HHS输注对休克时不同组织内RAS的影响尚未定论。本研究拟通过大鼠失血性休克模型，观察休克及液体复苏对血浆及下丘脑、垂体前叶、肾上腺中AngⅡ水平的影响。     

Expression and significance of HIF-1α and ET-1 in gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Objective To explore the expression and the value of HIF-1α,and ET-1 in judging the prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Methods The expression of HIF-1α, and ET-1 protein was examined in 76 GISTs by immunohistochemistry S -P methods. Results There was a positive correlation between the expression of HIF-1 α and ET-1 ( P < 0.05 ). The positive expression rate of HIF-1 α and ET-1 was 73.68% (50/76) ,and 65.79% (50/76) respectively,which was related with histologicial grade, tumor diameter, infiltration and metastasis, nuclear division rating of GISTs ( P < 0.05 ), but had no relationship with patients' age, gender, initial position of the tumor ( P > 0.05 ). There was statistically sig-nificant difference in the expression of HIF-1 α and ET-1 in the following groups:among the three classes of very low-risk and low-risk, middle-risk, high-risk, bewteen the diameter < 2 cm and > 5 cm (P < 0.05). The more malignant degree and larger diameter, the more highly positive expression rate ( P < 0.05 ). The positive expression in the groups with infiltration and metastasis, and nuclear division ≥5/50 HP was sig-nificantly higher than the groups without infiltration and metastasis, and nuclear division < 5/50 HP (P < 0.05). Conclusion The expression of HIF-1α had a significant correlation with ET-1. HIF-1α,and ET-1 expression was closely related with the prognosis of GISTs,and can serve as important predictors for survival.     

The expression of β-adrenoceptors in human pancreatic cancer cell lines and their roles in cell invasiveness

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of β-adrenoceptors on norepi-nephrine-induced invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cell lines. Methods The expression of β-adrenocep-tors mRNA in human pancreatic cancer cell lines MiaPaCa-2 and BxPC3 was detected by using RT-PCR. The cells were randomly divided into control group.10 mol/L NE intervention group, 1 mol/L propranolol intervention group and NE + propranolol intervention group. After 48 h , transwell invasiveness test was used to examine the changes in invasive ability of MiaPaCa-2. The expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and VEGF mRNA was measured by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The levels of MMP-2 , MMP-9 and VECF proteins were assayed by immunocytochemistry. Results Both MiaPaCa-2 and BxPC3 expressed β1-and β2-adrenocep-tors. The absorbance ( A) values of invasive cells in NE, NE + propranolol, propranolol and control groups were 0.78±0.02 ,0.32±0.03 ,0.26±0.01 and 0.28±0.02 , respectively, and those in NE intervention group were significantly higher than in control and NE + propranolol groups ( P <0.05) . There was no sig-nificant difference in the number of invasive cells between propranolol and control groups ( P > 0. 05) . In NE group , the expression index of MMP-2 , MMP-9 and VEGF mRNA was 0. 87±0.02 , 1.04±0.02 and 0. 92±0. 01 , and the gray value of the protein expression was 131.20±2.34,105.32±7.21 and 115.60 ±5. 03 , respectively, which were higher than those in control and NE + propranolol groups ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression levels of MMP-2 , MMP-9 and VEGF mRNA and pro-tein between propranolol and control groups ( P>0.05 ) . Conclusion β-adrenoceptors play an important role in the process of norepinephrine-induced invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells. NE can promote the invasiveness of MiaPaCa-2 through up-regulating the expression of MMP-2 , MMP-9 and VEGF via β-adre-noceptors.     

阴道冲洗液白细胞介素-6及肿瘤坏死因子检测诊断胎膜早破并绒毛膜羊膜炎

目的 :探讨阴道冲洗液白细胞介素 - 6(interleukin- 6,IL- 6)、肿瘤坏死因子 (tumornecrosis factor- alpha,TNFα)水平在胎膜早破并绒毛膜羊膜炎诊断的意义。方法 :应用 ACCESS微粒子化学发光分析系统对 42例晚孕胎膜早破及 38例正常足月待产孕妇阴道冲洗液 IL- 6、 TNF。进行定量测定 ,产后胎膜送病检。结果 :胎膜早破组阴道冲洗液 IL- 6、TNFα测量中位数值分别为 1 0 55.0 0 ng/ ml及 1 36.75ng/ ml,明显高于对照组的 1 51 .0 0 ng/ ml及 79.2 5ng/ml,(P<0 .0 1 )。以 IL- 6 2 4 8.75ng/ ml或 TNFα90 .0 0 ng/ ml为 Cut- Off值 ,对胎膜早破诊断的敏感性分别为 85.70 %及 83.30 % ;特异性分别为 78.90 %及 68.40 %。胎膜早破并绒毛膜羊膜炎 2 2例 ,IL- 6及 TNFα水平分别为 1 1 97.50 ng/ml及 1 75.0 0 ng/ ml,高于胎膜早破未并发绒毛膜羊膜炎组的 80 3.0 0 ng/ ml及 1 2 0 .2 5ng/ ml和对照组 (P<0 .0 1 )。结论 :阴道冲洗液 IL- 6、 TNFα检测有助于胎膜早破并绒毛膜羊膜炎的诊断 ,并指导临床正确、合理的抗感染治疗