不同形状界面对界面射流的影响──彩色多普勒与激光荧光染料方法的研究

本文通过应用彩色多普勒及激光荧光染料显示射流方法研究了不同形状界面对射流的影响。结果表明对照组及平坦界面射流时，彩色多普勒与激光荧光染料两种方法无显著差异；在弯曲界面条件下，彩色多普勒射流小于激光荧光染料射流（Ｐ＜０．０１～０．０００１）。彩色多普勒研究表明不同形状界面射流大小分别与每搏容量相关好（ｒ＝０．８３～０．９９），但射流大小明显不同。凹形界面射流面积最小，平坦及凸形界面射流面积也小于对照组。研究提示不同形状界面可以导致界面射流不同程度地减小，并且彩色多普勒也不易对弯曲界面的射流完全成像。在临床上应用彩色多普勒对返流定量时，需考虑上述影响。     

闭式二尖瓣分离术115例远期疗效观察

<正> 自1974年4月～1993年10月,作者对115例风湿性心脏病二尖瓣狭窄患者施行了闭式扩张分离术,经1～20年随访观察,疗效满意。现报告如下: 临 床 资 料 一、一般资料:本组115例中男44例,女71例;年龄最大48岁,最小16岁,其中农民92例。病程最短者半年,最长者13年。全组病例     

经皮二尖瓣狭窄球囊扩张432例临床研究

目的：为能提高经皮二尖瓣球囊导管成形术(PBMV)的成功率、扩大适应症范围，减少术中并发症。方法：采用Inoue法．创用“井”阈划区加手感定点法穿刺房间隔，球囊导管以后C和4字路径及负压球囊入二尖瓣口，递增球囊直径分次扩张的手法进行操作。结果：在施术的432例中成功420例(97．22％)。并发心包填塞4例(0．93％)，失败4例，中止4例。结论：认为在具备影象和外科保障条件下。帮带中重视自身体验。感悟总结手法技巧是顺利开展PBMV的关键，待技术熟练后稳妥放宽适应症。改善图象质量有助于提高成功率，减少并发症。     

胃胆宁汤治疗胆汁反流性胃炎54例

目的:观察自拟胃胆宁汤治疗胆汁反流性胃炎的临床疗效。方法:选符合标准的该病患者82例,随机分为两组,治疗组54例予自拟胃胆宁汤,对照组28例用吗丁啉片及雷尼替丁,两组治疗4周为1疗程。结果:治疗组痊愈20例,显效13例,有效16例,无效5例,总有效率为90.74%(95%CI=83.01%～98.48%);对照组痊愈5例,显效6例,有效9例,无效8例,总有效率为71.43%(95%CI=54.70%～88.16%);两组综合疗效比较,有显著性差异(u=2.3027,P=0.0215)。结论:自拟胃胆宁汤治疗胆汁反流性胃炎疗效优于吗丁啉及雷尼替丁,其收益为OR=0.25(95%CI=0.07～0.87),NNT=5(95%CI=2.78～37.88)。     

Ross术后中远期主动脉瓣反流的危险因素分析

Objective To analyze the risk factors of the postoperative mid- and long-term aortic valvular regurgitation after ROSS procedure(pulmanary valve homograft transplantation). Methods Between March 1998 and July 2007,47 patients[25male, 22 female, mean age (13.31±5.79) years, ronge 1-34 years] with aortic valvular disease underwent the Ross procedure at our insti tution. There were 6 patients suffering fron rheumatic heart disease and 41 patients suffering from congenital heart disease. The aver age aortic blood flow velocity was (4.67±3.47) m/s, the average pressure gradient across aortic valve (88.26±58.06)mm Hg, LVEDD (45.53 ±10.78) mm, EF 0.69±0.08. All the patients were followed up in out-patient departement by ultrasonic cardio gram. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to find out the risk factors of the postive aortic valvular regurgitation. Results There was no poetoperative death in hospital. The mean follow-up periods was (36.15±22.1) months, rasnge from 12 to 110 months and none long-dated death. Compared with the data recorded in hospital, the diamenters of the aortic sinus and aortic annu lus enlarged significantly, respectively from (26.16±5.10) mm to (32.37±6.84) tam and from (19.41 ～3.98) mm to (23.45± 5.86) mm. The average flow velocity d the homograft (new aortic valve) was(1.39±0.48) m/s, graclient pressure (8.17+6.16) mm Hg. Mild aortic regurgitstion was present in 5 patients (10.6%), moderate aortic tegmgitafion in 2 pmieats (4.3%) and aevere aortic regurgitation in 1 petient (2.1%). The rate of free from regurgitation was 82.9%. Multiple logistic analyses identified the per esence of bicuspid aortic valve, enlargement of aortic annulus and age above 14 years as the risk factors for posterative aortic regurg itation. Conclusion The Ross procedure is a safe and effective procedure with good clinical results in mid-and long-term follow-up. However, the presence of bicuspid aortic valve, enlargement of aortic annulus and age above 14 years preoperatively were identified as the risk factors for postoperative aortic regurgitation.     

全膀胱切除、去带乙状结肠原位新膀胱围手术期并发症的处理

目的探讨根治性全膀胱切除、去带乙状结肠原位新膀胱围手术期并发症的防治。方法回顾性分析根治性全膀胱切除、原位新膀胱术并发症的防治及处理。结果围手术期并发症包括消化道、泌尿生殖道、心血管、呼吸系统、内分泌系统等诸多方面。结论围手术期的治疗及护理对于全膀胱切除、去带乙状结肠新膀胱术的顺利恢复至关重要。通过预防和治疗并发症,可以减少围手术期死亡率,提高生存质量。     

鲁登巴赫综合征的外科治疗（附12例报告）

目的探讨鲁登巴赫综合征的外科治疗方法。方法回顾性分析自1979年3月～2004年7月收治的12例鲁登巴赫综合征患者的临床资料。结果本组早期所行单纯二尖瓣扩张术后加缝合房间隔缺损1例(占8．3％)，心脏复跳后引起急性左心衰竭于手术当天死亡；余11例均存活。结论本病术前诊断并不困难。对左房小的病例应使用补片闭合房间隔缺损。根据具体病例用适当的方法处理二尖瓣病变是影响预后的关键。