经鼻给予抗ICAM-1抗体对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨经鼻腔给予抗细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)单克隆抗体(单抗)对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用.方法 将30只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组、脑缺血再灌注组及脑缺血再灌注+经鼻给予高、中、低剂量抗ICAM-1单抗干预组.采用插线法制作局灶脑缺血再灌注模型.各干预组于缺血1 h经鼻给予抗ICAM-1单抗,再灌24 h后取脑行冠状切片.采用TTC、HE及免疫组化染色法测定脑梗死体积及免疫组化阳性区占总面积比.结果 缺血再灌注组脑标本均可见缺血侧的脑膜充血,脑组织肿胀;单纯脑缺血再灌注组及低、中、高抗ICAM-1单抗干预组脑梗死体积(以像素值表示)分别为57 042±12 483、32 871±4 325、25 932±3 103和15 325±3 356,免疫组化阳性区面积占总面积比分别为(6.64±0.476)%、(5.15±0.987)%、(4.36±0.682)%和(3.42±0.537)%,各组间差异均有统计学意义.结论 (1)脑缺血再灌注可使脑组织ICAM-1表达显著增高;(2)经鼻腔给予抗ICAM-1单抗可有效降低脑组织ICAM-1的表达,缩小脑梗死体积;(3)经鼻腔给予抗ICAM-1单抗的剂量同脑梗死体积呈负相关;(4)脑缺血再灌注时ICAM-1免疫组化阳性区面积比与脑梗死体积呈正相关.     

Cerebral autoregulation is preserved in multiple system atrophy: A transcranial Doppler study.

Patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) present large changes in blood pressure (BP) due to autonomic disturbances. We analyzed how this change may influence dynamic cerebral autoregulation (DCA). Simultaneous recordings of arterial BP (Finapres) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) blood flow velocity (BFV) (transcranial Doppler) were performed in 10 patients with MSA (61 +/- 12 yr of age) and 12 healthy volunteers (61 +/- 11 yr of age): cerebral BFV response to oscillations in mean BP was studied in the supine position by cross-spectral analysis of mean BP and mean MCA BFV. The DCA was also studied during the decrease in BP the first seconds when standing up from a sitting position by the assessment of the cerebrovascular resistance index (CR; mean BP/mean MCA BFV ratio). The MCA BFV/BP cross-spectral analysis showed a phase for the mid-frequency band (0.07-0.2 Hz) significantly larger in MSA, suggesting more active autoregulation in response to larger changes in BP. Changes in CR reflecting the rate of autoregulation, when standing did not differ between the two groups. These data suggest that dynamic cerebral autoregulation is preserved in MSA.     

超短波对大鼠坐骨神经损伤后脊髓内GAP-43和CGRP表达的影响

目的探讨超短波对坐骨神经损伤后大鼠脊髓中GAP-43和CGRP表达的影响。方法60只成年雌性SD大鼠制成右侧坐骨神经钳夹损伤模型，随机分为超短波治疗组和非治疗对照组。免疫荧光方法观察术后1周、2周、4周、8周和12周不同时间点两组大鼠脊髓中GAP-43和CGRP表达的动态变化规律。结果大鼠坐骨神经损伤后脊髓内GAP-43和CGRPmRNA表达增强。术后1、2、4和8周超短波治疗组的变化与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），且GAP-43的表达在时间上早于对照组。结论超短波在早期能够明显增加GAP-43和CGRP的表达量，提示早期应用超短波治疗能够促进周围神经的     

Sciatic Neuropathy: Case Report and Discussion of the Literature on Postoperative Sciatic Neuropathy and Sciatic Nerve Tumors

Sciatic nerve injury and dysfunction is not an uncommon cause of lower extremity symptoms in a musculoskeletal practice. We present the case of a man who presented with lower extremity weakness, pain, and cramps, and was initially diagnosed at an outside institution with bilateral S1 radiculopathies and recommended for spine surgery. He came to us for a second opinion. Electrodiagnostic testing revealed an isolated sciatic neuropathy and the patient was referred for imaging, which showed a sciatic nerve sheath tumor. Review of the literature on sciatic neuropathies shows that there can be many possible etiologies of sciatic nerve dysfunction, but that hip arthroplasty continues to be the leading risk factor. Sciatic nerve tumors are not commonly described in the literature and their definitive management remains unclear.     

直肠癌术中保留盆腔自主神经对男性排尿及性功能的影响

目的探讨直肠癌根治术中保留盆腔自主神经（PANP）对男性排尿及性功能的影响。方法以问卷彤式调查48例直肠癌患者PANP手术和24例非PANP手术前、后的排尿功能和性功能，比较分析行直肠癌根治术的PANP组和非PANP组患者术后排尿和性功能指标及直肠癌的局部复发率。结果PANP组患者术后排尿及性功能部分指标优于对照组（P〈0．05），两组术后局部癌肿复发率比较尤显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论直肠癌患者根治术中实施PANP，既不增加局部癌肿复发率，还可以改善患者的排尿和性功能，提高患者的生存质量。     

创伤性迟发性颅内血肿的诊断和治疗

目的 探讨创伤性、迟发性颅内血肿的早期诊断和治疗的临床效果。方法 对22例病人的发病年龄、性别、伤因、早期诊断和治疗效果进行了回顾性分析。经过2—6个月，按GOS评定治疗效果。结果 良好者12例，中残者5例，重残者1例，植物生存者1例，死亡者3例，死亡率为14％。结论 早期诊断和治疗本病对于提高治愈率和降低死亡率至关重要，早期手术治疗本病，乃是多数病人首选的治疗方法。     

Malignant schwannoma in the posterior tibial nerve

Our group have studied a patient affected by a malignant schwannoma in the posterior tibial nerve. Schwannomas are uncommon neoplasms that originate from the Schwann cells of the peripheral nerves: the most common forms are benign. Malignant transformation is rarer. The therapy is surgical and the operation undertaken, if possible, should be the amputation. Alternatively, where amputation is not possible due to the specific localisation or due to patient refusal, the alternative must be the largest and most radical excision possible.     

急性脑梗死超早期重组组织型纤溶酶原激活物溶栓治疗的临床研究

目的:探讨发病6h内急性脑梗死给予重组组织型纤溶酶原激活物(rt-PA)溶栓治疗的疗效及并发症,并分析预后相关因素。方法:共收集本院2001-2005年70例溶栓治疗的急性脑梗死病例,其中52例静脉溶栓,18例动脉溶栓,分析比较两组病例溶栓前后及3个月随访的ESS评分及Barthel指数结果;同时分析与预后相关的因素。结果:静脉和动脉溶栓组溶栓前及溶栓30min后ESS评分及Barthel指数迅速增加,溶栓前后分值有显著差异。1个月内颅内出血率为5.77%(静脉组)和16.67%(动脉组)。3个月时ESS评分及Barthel指数较溶栓后30min的评分有显著改善。结论:6h内动脉、静脉溶栓治疗均安全有效。     

臂丛神经卡压综合征的诊治

目的探讨位于臂丛神经及其前中斜角肌周围的神经卡压综合征的特点及其诊治方法。方法2003年7月～2006年1月,采用门诊收集病例,根据病情轻重分组,分别采用药物、局部封闭及手术方法治疗179例确诊为臂丛神经和(或)其属支卡压综合征的患者。其中采用药物、手法治疗89例；注射治疗74例,其中需要第二次注射32例；手术治疗16例,同时或分别进行双侧手术2例,需要第二次手术者1例。结果128例患者得到1个月～2年5个月随访。其中,药物手法治疗55例,症状均有不同程度改善或能维持现状。局部注射治疗58例(其中接受第二次注射者24例),2例出现心跳减缓,其余病例无并发症发生,VAS评分情况：1分2例,2分16例,3分20例,4分12例,5分3例,6分3例,7分2例；第二次注射结果：2分5例,3分16例,4分3例。手术治疗15例,其中10例术后症状得到明显改善,恢复工作。结论臂丛神经及其属支涉及其周围众多神经,可产生众多症状；明确病因后,治疗上以保守治疗为主,效果欠佳者采用手术治疗,均可取得较好疗效。