痛风的遗传基础

痛风是一种常见的由尿酸盐沉积引起的慢性炎症性关节炎。该文总结了最新的痛风遗传学基础,发现痛风的高风险基因多数与肾脏和肠道尿酸盐转运系统相关。糖酵解基因是一种异于肾和肠道尿酸排泄的血清尿酸调控路径,也为痛风和其他相关的代谢性疾病提供了新的病因学线索。基因之间的相互作用、基因与环境危险因素之间的相互作用均与痛风的发病风险相关。     

长期负性情绪应激对D-gal大鼠认知功能及海马NR2B基因甲基化表达的影响

目的探讨长期负性情绪应激对大鼠脑老化进程的影响机制。方法将雌雄各半的70只Wistar大鼠分别采用随机方法,分为空白对照组、D-gal脑老化模型组、应激脑老化组,每组14只且雌雄各半,其余大鼠做为攻击鼠参与负性情绪应激的诱导;采用颈后部皮下多点注射D-gal 0.1g/(kg·d)制备脑老化大鼠模型;采用不可预知性刺激,诱导应激脑老化组大鼠长期负性情绪应激;采用Morri′s水迷宫实验记录大鼠水下寻台时间(SPL),评价大鼠学习记忆功能;采用ELISA测定大鼠血浆促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)和皮质酮(CORT)含量;采集大鼠海马样本制备匀浆,采用甲基化特异性PCR法(MSP)检测海马N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸受体-2B亚型(NR2B)基因调控区胞嘧啶-磷酸-鸟嘌呤位点(CpG)甲基化程度,采用ELISA法测定甲基化转移酶1(DNMT1)活性。结果与D-gal脑老化模型组比较,应激脑老化组大鼠的SPL明显延长,NR2B基因启动子区CpG甲基化程度及DNA DNMT1活性显著增高(P0.05),血浆CORT、ACTH水平显著升高(P0.05)。结论长期情绪调节不良能够加速机体大脑老化进程,其机制可能与慢性情绪应激引发机体特定基因甲基化程度增高有关。     

Lycium barbarum extract promotes M2 polarization and reduces oligomeric amyloid-β-induced inflammatory reactions in microglial cells

Lycium barbarum(LB)is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been demonstrated to exhibit a wide variety of biological functions,such as antioxidation,neuroprotection,and immune modulation.One of the main mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease is that microglia activated by amyloid beta(Aβ)transform from the resting state to an M1 state and release pro-inflammatory cytokines to the surrounding environment.In the present study,immortalized microglial cells were pretreated with L.barbarum extract for 1 hour and then treated with oligomeric Aβfor 23 hours.The results showed that LB extract significantly increased the survival of oligomeric Aβ-induced microglial cells,downregulated the expression of M1 pro-inflammatory markers(inducible nitric oxide synthase,tumor necrosis factorα,interleukin-6,and interleukin-1β),and upregulated the expression of M2 anti-inflammatory markers(arginase-1,chitinase-like protein 3,and interleukin-4).LB extract also inhibited the oligomeric Aβ-induced secretion of tumor necrosis factorα,interleukin-6,and interleukin-1βin microglial cells.The results of in vitro cytological experiments suggest that,in microglial cells,LB extract can inhibit oligomeric Aβ-induced M1 polarization and concomitant inflammatory reactions,and promote M2 polarization.     

PFNA治疗股骨粗隆间骨折46例临床观察

目的:探讨PFNA治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的临床疗效。方法:46例患者采用PFNA治疗股骨粗隆间骨折,术后预防感染,使用抗凝药物预防血栓,抬高患肢以促进消肿。术后第2天可行髋关节屈伸锻炼,患肢8周内不负重,术后8周复查,依据骨折愈合情况逐步负重。结果:36例评为优,7例评为良,3例评为可,优良率为93.5%。结论:PFNA内固定治疗股骨粗隆间骨折在临床上取得了相对满意的效果,具有损伤小、操作简单、术后可及早下床活动、有利于术后康复、降低术后不良事件发生率等多重优点。     

2型糖尿病患者正常范围尿白蛋白与肌酐比值和高血压风险的相关性研究

目的：评估2型糖尿病患者正常范围尿白蛋白与肌酐比值（urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio,UACR）与高血压风险的相关性。方法：本研究纳入1 309例中国台湾李氏联合诊所定期随访的2型糖尿病患者，随访3～12年（平均6年）。根据UACR的四分位数水平将患者分为第1分位组即UACR<5.87 mg/g组（n=320）、第2分位组即5.87 mg/g≤UACR≤9.55 mg/g组（n=341）、第3分位组即9.56 mg/g≤UACR≤16.27 mg/g组（n=321）和第4分位组即16.27mg/g 相似文献