Estrogenic effects in the immature rat uterus after dietary exposure to ethinylestradiol and zearalenone using a systems biology approach.

Residues of illegally used hormones are regularly detected in animal products, feed, or cocktails recovered at farms. In order to better understand the effects of dietary exposure to ethinyl estradiol (EE2, 0.03-1 microg/kg body weight [bw]) and zearalenone (ZEA, 0.03-1 mg/kg bw), an immature rat uterotrophic assay was performed and effects were studied at morphological, histological, and gene expression levels. Ligand-mediated coregulator recruitment by estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) was studied in vitro. Uterine weight and epithelial cell height were increased dose dependently after a 3-day oral exposure of rats to the highest tested doses of EE2 or ZEA, respectively. At low doses 0.03 microg/kg EE2 and 0.1 mg/kg ZEA, edema, and vacuolization could already be observed in some animals. Exposure to 1 mg/kg ZEA resulted in severe damage of the uterine epithelial layer. Our study suggests similar coregulator recruitment and gene expression patterns for the two estrogenic compounds. Main regulated pathways were remodeling of extracellular matrix, alternative complement activation, cell proliferation, and estrogen-mediated calcium signaling. The level of regulation differed between EE2 and ZEA, attributing a much lower estrogenic potency to ZEA than to EE2. A major difference was their ability to recruit coregulator inhibitor of kappa B beta and induce expression of the matrix metalloproteinase 7 gene (381.4- and 6.9-fold upregulation by EE2 and ZEA, respectively), which plays an important role in the maintenance of the integrity of the epithelial layer of the uterus during proliferation and growth. This observation may explain the observed differences at the histological level.     

米索前列醇用于疤痕子宫剖宫产术中对子宫收缩的促进作用

目的分析探讨剖宫产手术后的疤痕子宫用药米索前列醇后对子宫收缩产生的促进作用的临床意义。方法随机选取2009年11月至2012年8月在常州市妇幼保健院进行检查且行剖宫产术的疤痕子宫产妇96例,随机平均分为两组,对照组（48例）在术后给予缩宫素静脉滴注治疗,研究组（48例）在此基础上加用直肠给药米索前列醇,观察两组产妇在手术过程中及手术之后出血情况及发生不良反应的情况。结果研究组产妇在术中出血量为（227．32±32．38）mL、术后2h出血量为（119．42±54．84）mL、术后24h出血量为（89．45±39．64）mL均明显少于对照组的（296．36±48．55）mL、（284．31±60．47）mL和（196．64±55．41）mL,两组比较有明显差异（t值分别为22．146、18．709和17．665,均P＜0．05）;研究组不良反应发生率为8．4％,对照组为0％。经统计学处理后,两组比较无明显差异（ F＝2．902,P＞0．05）。结论米索前列醇对于促进疤痕子宫再次剖宫产产妇的子宫收缩具有良好的临床效果,且安全可靠,操作方便,可有效改善剖宫产术出血的发生情况,值得临床进一步推广。     

子宫动脉栓塞术对剖宫产瘢痕妊娠清宫效果的影响及安全性

目的探索子宫动脉栓塞术对剖宫产瘢痕妊娠(cesarean scar pregnancy,CSP)清宫效果的影响及安全性。方法回顾性分析2012年3月至2015年10月廊坊市人民医院收治的80例CSP患者的病历资料,按治疗方法不同分为观察组与对照组。观察组采用子宫动脉栓塞术(uterine arterial embolization,UAE)联合宫腔镜下清宫术治疗,对照组采用局部药物治疗后行宫腔镜下清宫术,各40例,比较两组患者清宫过程中的出血量、清宫术时间、不良反应、并发症发生情况、住院时间、血清β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(beta human chorionic gonadotropin,β-HCG)变化情况及其恢复正常时间,清宫术后随访2月的治疗结局。结果观察组清宫过程中的出血量少于对照组,清宫术时间与住院时间显著短于对照组(P0.05);观察组β-HCG恢复正常时间少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组治疗成功率(92.5%)显著高于对照组(60.0%);观察组术后4例出现不同程度腹部或臀部疼痛、发热,未发生严重并发症,对照组清宫过程中7例发生大量阴道出血(1 500 m L),6例患者清宫不全改行病灶切除术。结论 UAE应用于CSP清宫可显著提高临床疗效,改善手术结局,减少出血风险,且不良反应轻微,并发症少,具有良好的安全性。     

Diethylhexyl phthalate magnifies deposition of 14C–bisphenol A in reproductive tissues of mice

Endocrine disrupting chemicals are found in diverse common products, including cosmetics, food packaging, thermal receipt paper and plastic containers. This exposes most people in developed countries through ingestion, skin absorption and inhalation. Two ubiquitous endocrine disrupting chemicals, bisphenol A (BPA) and diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) can interact in disrupting blastocyst implantation in inseminated females. We hypothesized that DEHP might increase the bioavailability of BPA in tissues by competing for metabolic enzymes. We injected 0, 3, 9 or 18 mg DEHP into female and male mice and allowed 30 min for the chemical to circulate before giving them a food supplement containing 50 μg kg^{−1 14}C–BPA. Animals were dissected 1 h following ¹⁴C–BPA administration and various tissue samples were acquired. Samples were solubilized and radioactivity was measured via liquid scintillation counting. In cycling females, DEHP increased BPA deposition in the muscle, uterus, ovaries and blood serum relative to controls. In peri‐implantation females, DEHP increased deposition of BPA in the uterus, ovaries and serum relative to controls. In males, DEHP doses increased BPA deposition in serum and epididymis relative to controls. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that DEHP competes with BPA for conjugating enzymes such as UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase, thereby magnifying the presence of BPA in estrogen‐binding reproductive tissues. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Reproductive outcome of women with unicornuate uterus

This study was undertaken to examine the reproductive impact of unicornuate uterine abnormalities cases in a group of 571 women with a uterine anomaly. Hospital records of 1784 patients who presented to the infertility outpatient clinic with infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, pain or acute abdomen during the study period between January 1991 and January 2001, were reviewed retrospectively. The reproductive performance of women with unicornuate uterus was poor, with a live birth rate of only 29.2%, prematurity rate of 44%, miscarriage rate of 29%, and an ectopic pregnancy rate of 4%.     

醋炔诺酮肟的抗着床作用原理的研究

醋炔诺酮肟(2.5～5.0毫克/公斤/日)于妊娠第2天单次或第2、3天连续二次灌胃,可使小鼠卵子在输卵管(42.6～67.8%)运行提前一天进入子宫;但在妊娠第1天给予2.5毫克/公斤,则有76.6%卵子滞留于输卵管内,其中17.2%孕卵出现滞育现象(2细胞期)或异常。卵子移植实验表明,该药主要是抑制内膜分化,直接损伤胚泡作用较小。以醋炔诺酮肟1毫克/公斤/日给予妊娠第2和3天大鼠,第4天血清雌二醇峰、孕酮和子宫胞浆雌二醇受体水平均显著地受到抑制。提示醋炔诺酮肟可能通过加速小鼠卵子转运、干扰大鼠着床的激素平衡和抑制内膜分化,导致孕卵与内膜发育不同步,从而达到抗着床作用。     

鲜益母草胶囊促进药物流产不全大鼠子宫复旧的实验研究

目的:观察鲜益母草胶囊对药物流产不全大鼠的子宫复旧的影响.方法:采用米非司酮(8.3 mg/kg)和米索前列醇(100μg/kg)建立大鼠药物不完全流产模型,实验分为正常组、模型组、益母草胶囊(0.946 g/kg)阳性对照组和鲜益母草胶囊低、中、高剂量(0.18、0.36、0.72 g/kg)组,成模后连续给药7 d...     

Ultrasound Features of Rudimentary Horn Ectopic Pregnancies

Rudimentary horn ectopic pregnancies are uncommonly encountered in women with müllerian duct anomalies. The clinical presentation of this entity is nonspecific, giving ultrasound a critical role in making the diagnosis. Timely diagnosis and management of rudimentary horn ectopic pregnancies are pivotal in reducing the high rates of uterine rupture and maternal mortality historically associated with this condition.