乳酸脱氢酶同功酶活性测定应用研究

我国卫生部１９８５年已将小鼠精子畸形试验作为可选择的致突变试验方法，但是精子发生是一个多时相的复杂过程，采样时错过了精子发育的敏感阶段，或因感染，天气炎热体温变化，致使实验得不到预期结果。为了探讨血浆中ＬＤＨ－Ｘ酶活性测定与精子畸形率的关系设计了本实验研究。三种阳性物（ＭＭＣ、ＣＰ、Ｃｄ）均对睾丸细胞产生明显的损伤作用，睾丸匀浆及血浆中ＬＤＨ－Ｘ酶活性、精子畸形率均显著增高，表明三者结果基本一致。本文还对血浆中ＬＤＨ－Ｘ酶活性测定的应用进行了讨论。     

扫描电镜下畸形精子增多症患者的精子形态观察

目的 用扫描电镜对巴氏染色正常形态≤4％的畸形精子增多症患者的精子微细结构进行观察分析。方法 经改良巴氏染色后正常形态≤4％定为实验组，正常形态〉14％定为对照组。两组患者的精液标本在扫描电镜下观察，并将结果进行分析比较。结果 精子顶体表面光滑率对照组88．21％，实验组45．34％；顶体缺失率对照组0．30％，实验组3．00％：环状沟平滑对照组72．56％，实验组47．68％；环状沟呈波浪状对照组13．12％，实验组37．32％；线粒体鞘异常对照组12．75％，实验组53．22％：胞浆小滴对照组0．90％，实验组2．60％；尾部畸形对照组6．74％，实验组17．46％，两组比较差异均有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论 正常形态≤4％的畸形精子增多症患者精子除宏观结构有异常外，顶体、环状沟、线粒体、尾部等微细结构异常发生率增加。     

Comparison of two techniques used to collect normal and motile sperm

To improve the quality of sperm for intra-uterine insemination (IUI) or in-vitro fertilization (IVF) swim-up (SU) and migration-sedimentation (MS) methods were compared, for the selection of morphologically normal and motile sperm. In 74 patients consulting for couple infertility, it was shown that MS gave a better yield of motile sperm than did SU. An improvement in morphology and motility was achieved, especially in asthenospermia (motility less than 40%) and/or teratospermia (normal shape less than 40%). The percentage of midpiece and tail abnormalities was lowered by the MS technique. It is proposed that the MS method be used for IUI and IVF, adapting the number of tubes to the initial sperm concentration.     

Pregnancy outcome of in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection with profound teratospermia

OBJECTIVE: To assess the pregnancy outcome of IVF with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in couples with profound teratospermia (Kruger's strict criteria of zero). DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of 545 consecutive cycles of IVF/ICSI performed between January 2000 and January 2003. SETTING: Tertiary care center. PATIENT(S): Of 545 IVF/ICSI cycles, 45 patients were identified with a semen strict morphology of 0 using Kruger's strict criteria. INTERVENTION(S): Ovarian down-regulation (Lupron) was followed by controlled ovarian stimulation exclusively with hMG. Embryo transfer was performed 2 days after transvaginal aspiration/ICSI. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURE(S): Pregnancy outcomes and newborn/infant status. RESULT(S): Of 45 patients undergoing 54 treatment cycles, 21 patients were positive for pregnancy (38.9% pregnancy/cycle). No birth defects were noted at time of delivery and all infants had obtained appropriate developmental milestones at 1 year of age. CONCLUSION(S): Men with profound teratospermia (Kruger's strict criteria of zero) may achieve acceptable pregnancy rates after IVF/ICSI thereby alleviating the use of donor sperm in this group. Furthermore, no increased risk of birth defects is apparent in this small series.     

Penetration of sperm from teratospermic men into zona-free hamster eggs

The ability of sperm samples from male partners of infertile couples, with isolated teratospermia (ITS), to penetrate zona-free hamster eggs was examined. The ITS patients had a significantly lower proportion of normal spermatozoa than did a control group of men of proven fertility (23.6% and 47.8%, respectively; P less than 0.001), while the mean total sperm count and the % motility did not differ between the two groups. The mean hamster egg penetration rate of sperm from ITS patients was 2.64% compared to 31.1% in the control group. A significant negative correlation was found in the ITS group between the proportion of a) abnormal forms and the ability to penetrate zona-free hamster eggs, and b) pyriform-shaped sperm and the penetration rate. Of the sperm parameters which were examined, only the morphology could be correlated with the rate of penetration.